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| Writing In College | |
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| Why Use a Handbook? | |
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| The short answer | |
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| To write strong academic essays | |
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| To cite sources | |
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| To see why correctness matters | |
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| To find models of good papers | |
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| Readers' Expectations | |
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| A clear purpose and audience | |
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| A conversation with sources and ideas | |
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| Revised and polished writing | |
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| A clear main idea | |
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| Standard Written English | |
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| Is Your Argument Convincing? | |
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| Critical thinking | |
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| A debatable claim (thesis) | |
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| Reasons and evidence | |
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| Areas of common ground | |
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| Visuals | |
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| Model paper 1: A student's argument essay | |
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| Presentation Makes a Difference | |
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| In print | |
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| Online | |
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| Text (color, lists, headings) | |
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| Photos and images | |
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| Data (tables, graphs, charts) | |
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| Oral presentations, multimedia, e-portfolios | |
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| Research And Using Sources | |
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| Searching for Information | |
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| Source material and primary data | |
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| Print and online sources | |
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| Starting points | |
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| Keyword searching | |
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| Google | |
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| Online alerts | |
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| Recognizing a Scholarly Article | |
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| Print articles | |
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| Online articles | |
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| Evaluating Sources | |
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| Print sources | |
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| Online sources | |
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| Basic information on Web sites | |
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| Writing Without Plagiarizing | |
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| Avoiding Cheating | |
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| Seven types of plagiarism | |
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| Why, how, and what to cite | |
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| Boundaries of a source citation | |
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| Keeping track of sources | |
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| Bibliographic software | |
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| Using Source Material | |
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| Organization with ideas, not sources | |
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| The issue of I | |
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| Summarizing and paraphrasing | |
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| Quoting | |
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| Integrating source citations | |
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| Documenting Research Papers | |
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| MLA Style | |
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| At a Glance: Index of MLA Style | |
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| Basic features | |
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| Citing sources | |
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| MLA list of works cited | |
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| Print books (Source Shot 1) | |
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| Print articles (Source Shot 2) | |
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| Online databases (Source Shot 3) | |
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| Web sources | |
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| Visual, performance, multimedia, miscellaneous sources | |
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| Model paper 2: A student's research paper, MLA style | |
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| APA Style | |
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| At a Glance: Index of APA Style | |
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| Basic features | |
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| Citing sources | |
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| List of references | |
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| Print books and parts of books | |
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| Print articles (Source Shot 4) | |
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| Online sources (Source Shot 5) | |
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| Visual, multimedia, miscellaneous sources | |
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| Model paper 3: A student's research paper, APA style | |
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| Chicago Style | |
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| At a Glance: Index of Chicago Style | |
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| Basic features | |
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| Citing sources | |
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| Endnotes and footnotes | |
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| Print books | |
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| Print articles | |
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| Online sources | |
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| Visual, multimedia, miscellaneous sources | |
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| Sample bibliography | |
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| Model paper 4: Samples from a student's research paper, Chicago style | |
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| CSE Style | |
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| At a Glance: Index of CSE Style Features | |
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| Basic features | |
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| Citing sources | |
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| List of references | |
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| Print books | |
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| Print articles | |
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| Online, multimedia, miscellaneous sources | |
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| Model paper 5: Samples from a student's research paper, CSE style | |
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| The Five C'S Of Style | |
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| Cut | |
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| Wordiness | |
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| Formulaic phrases | |
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| References to your intentions | |
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| Check for Action ("Who's Doing What?"). 15a."Who's doing what?" | |
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| Sentences beginning with there or it | |
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| Unnecessary passive voice | |
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| Connect | |
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| Consistent subjects | |
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| Transitional words | |
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| Variety in connecting ideas | |
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| Commit | |
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| Confident stance | |
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| Consistent tone | |
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| Choose Words Carefully | |
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| Vivid and specific words | |
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| Slang, regionalisms, and jargon | |
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| Biased and exclusionary language | |
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| Common Sentence Problems | |
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| FAQs about Sentences | |
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| Sentence Fragments | |
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| What a sentence needs | |
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| Turning fragments into sentences | |
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| Beginning with and, but, or or | |
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| Intentional fragments | |
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| Run-ons or Comma Splices | |
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| Identifying | |
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| Correcting | |
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| Sentence Snarls | |
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| Mixed constructions, faulty comparisons, convoluted syntax | |
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| Misplaced modifiers | |
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| Dangling modifiers | |
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| Shifts | |
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| Logical sequence after the subject | |
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| Parallel structures | |
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| Is when and the reason is because | |
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| Necessary and unnecessary words | |
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| Using Verbs Correctly | |
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| Verbs in Standard Written English | |
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| Auxiliary verbs | |
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| Verbs commonly confused | |
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| Verb tenses | |
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| -ed forms (past tense, past participle) | |
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| Conditional sentences, wishes, requests, demands, recommendations | |
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| Active and passive voices | |
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| Subject-Verb Agreement | |
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| Basic principles | |
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| Words between subject and verb | |
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| Subject following the verb | |
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| Eight tricky subjects | |
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| Collective nouns (family, etc.) | |
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| Compound subjects (and, or, nor) | |
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| Indefinite pronouns (anyone, etc.) | |
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| Expressing quantity (much, etc.) | |
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| Relative clauses (who, which, that ) | |
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| Pronouns (I/me, who/whom, etc.) | |
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| Which to use (I/me, he/him, etc.) | |
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| Specific antecedent | |
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| Agreeing with antecedents | |
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| Using you | |
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| Relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that ) | |
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| Adjectives and Adverbs (good/well, etc.) | |
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| Forms | |
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| When to use | |
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| Hyphenated (compound) adjectives | |
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| Double negatives | |
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| Comparatives and superlatives | |
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| Punctuation And Mechanics | |
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| Punctuation Shows Intent | |
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| Commas | |
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| Apostrophes | |
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| Quotation Marks | |
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| Other Punctuation Marks | |
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| Italics and Underlining | |
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| Capitals, Abbreviations, and Numbers | |
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| Hyphens | |
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| Online Guidelines | |
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| Writing Across Languages And Cultures | |
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| Standard Written English | |
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| Cultures and Englishes | |
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| Spoken varieties and Standard Written English | |
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| Nouns and Articles (a, an, the) | |
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| Types of nouns | |
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| Basic rules | |
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| The for specific reference | |
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| Four questions to ask about articles | |
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| Infinitive, -ing, and -ed Forms | |
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| Verb + infinitive | |
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| Verb + -ing | |
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| Preposition + -ing | |
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| Verb + infinitive or -ing | |
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| -ing or -ed adjectives | |
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| Sentence Structure and Word Order | |
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| Basic rules | |
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| Direct and indirect objects | |
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| Direct and indirect questions | |
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| Although and because clauses | |
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| Words To Watch For | |
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| Glossary of Usage | |
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| Index | |
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| Editing Marks | |