Preface | p. ix |
How We See | p. 1 |
To Sense. to Select. to Perceive | p. 3 |
The Visual Process | p. 4 |
Visual Communication's Circle Dance | p. 5 |
Light and Color | p. 6 |
Where Does Light Come From? | p. 6 |
What Is the Speed of Light? | p. 7 |
Particles or Waves? | p. 7 |
Other Forms of Electromagnetic Energy | p. 8 |
Color | p. 7 |
Sociological Uses of Color | p. 11 |
The Eye, the Retina, and the Brain | p. 13 |
Historic Eyes | p. 13 |
Windows to the Soul | p. 13 |
Physiology of the Eye | p. 15 |
The Retina | p. 17 |
Light Path to the Retina | p. 17 |
Regions of the Retina | p. 17 |
Photoreceptors: Rods and Cones | p. 18 |
The Optic Nerve | p. 20 |
The Brain | p. 21 |
The Cortex | p. 21 |
The Hippocampus | p. 22 |
Why We See | p. 25 |
What the Brain Sees: Color, Form, Depth, And Movement | p. 27 |
Color | p. 28 |
Objective Method | p. 28 |
Comparative Method | p. 28 |
Subjective Method | p. 30 |
Form | p. 31 |
Dots | p. 31 |
Lines | p. 31 |
Shapes | p. 32 |
Depth | p. 34 |
The Eight Depth Cues | p. 35 |
Movement | p. 39 |
Real Movement | p. 39 |
Apparent Movement | p. 39 |
Graphic Movement | p. 40 |
Implied Movement | p. 40 |
Brain Cells Notice the Difference | p. 40 |
The Sensual and Perceptual Theories of Visual Communication | p. 42 |
Sensual Theories of Visual Communication | |
Gestalt | p. 43 |
Constructivism | p. 45 |
Ecological | p. 46 |
Perceptual Theories of Visual Communication | p. 48 |
Semiotics | p. 48 |
Cognitive | p. 52 |
The Ethics of What We See | p. 57 |
Visual Persuasion in Advertising, Public Relations, and Journalism | p. 59 |
The Fine Line Between Persuasion and Propaganda | p. 62 |
The Role of Persuasion | p. 63 |
The Role of Propaganda | p. 64 |
Visual Persuasion in Advertising | p. 64 |
Commercial Advertising | p. 65 |
Noncommercial Advertising | p. 65 |
Growth of Advertising | p. 66 |
Visual Persuasion in Public Relations | p. 67 |
Advertising and Public Relations | p. 69 |
Politics and Public Relations | p. 69 |
Journalism and Public Relations | p. 70 |
Visual Persuasion in Journalism | p. 72 |
Corporate Influence in Newsrooms | p. 72 |
Back to David Kirby | p. 74 |
Images That Injure: Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media | p. 76 |
Reinforcing Stereotypes with Images | p. 78 |
Media Coverage and Prejudicial Thinking | p. 80 |
Specific Examples of Stereotyping | p. 80 |
Irish-American Stereotypes | p. 81 |
Jewish-American Stereotypes | p. 82 |
African-American Stereotypes | p. 84 |
Female Stereotypes | p. 86 |
Gay and Lesbian Stereotypes | p. 90 |
Can We All Get Along? | p. 92 |
The Media Through Which We See | p. 93 |
Six Perspectives for Analyzing Any Image | p. 93 |
Personal Perspective | p. 94 |
Historical Perspective | p. 95 |
Technical Perspective | p. 95 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 95 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 96 |
Critical Perspective | p. 96 |
Applying Analytical Perspectives | p. 97 |
Typography | p. 99 |
The Curious History of Johannes Gutenberg | p. 101 |
Analysis of the Gutenberg Bible | p. 105 |
Typography and the Six Perspectives | p. 106 |
Personal Perspective | p. 106 |
Historical Perspective | p. 107 |
Technical Perspective | p. 116 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 123 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 124 |
Critical Perspective | p. 126 |
Future Directions for Typography | p. 126 |
Graphic Design | p. 127 |
Bass's Contributions to Graphic Design | p. 128 |
Movies | p. 128 |
Packaging and Logos | p. 130 |
Analysis of The Man with the Golden Arm | p. 131 |
Graphic Design and the Six Perspectives | p. 132 |
Personal Perspective | p. 132 |
Historical Perspective | p. 132 |
Technical Perspective | p. 136 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 139 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 140 |
Critical Perspective | p. 148 |
Future Directions for Graphic Design | p. 149 |
Informational Graphics | p. 150 |
Weather Maps | p. 151 |
Newspaper Use | p. 151 |
Television Weather Segments | p. 152 |
Impact of Technology | p. 153 |
Analysis of the Infographics in USA Today | p. 154 |
Informational Graphics and the Six Perspectives | p. 155 |
Personal Perspective | p. 155 |
Historical Perspective | p. 156 |
Technical Perspective | p. 159 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 165 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 167 |
Critical Perspective | p. 168 |
Future Directions for Informational Graphics | p. 168 |
Cartoons | p. 170 |
Analysis of "The Simpsons" | p. 172 |
Cartoons and the Six Perspectives | p. 175 |
Personal Perspective | p. 175 |
Historical Perspective | p. 175 |
Technical Perspective | p. 193 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 196 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 198 |
Critical Perspective | p. 199 |
Future Directions for Cartoons | p. 200 |
Photography | p. 202 |
Analysis of "The Migrant Mother" | p. 205 |
Photography and the Six Perspectives | p. 206 |
Personal Perspective | p. 206 |
Historical Perspective | p. 207 |
Technical Perspective | p. 215 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 219 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 222 |
Critical Perspective | p. 225 |
Future Directions for Photography | p. 226 |
Motion Pictures | p. 228 |
Orson Welles and the Making of Citizen Kane | p. 230 |
Analysis of Citizen Kane | p. 233 |
Motion Pictures and the Six Perspectives | p. 234 |
Personal Perspective | p. 234 |
Historical Perspective | p. 235 |
Technical Perspective | p. 253 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 258 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 261 |
Critical Perspective | p. 264 |
Future Directions for Motion Pictures | p. 266 |
Television and Video | p. 269 |
The Rodney King Incident | p. 269 |
Making and Airing the Video | p. 270 |
The Trial and Its Aftermath | p. 271 |
Analysis of the Rodney King Video | p. 273 |
Television and Video and the Six Perspectives | p. 274 |
Personal Perspective | p. 274 |
Historical Perspective | p. 275 |
Technical Perspective | p. 286 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 289 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 294 |
Critical Perspective | p. 299 |
Future Directions for Television | p. 301 |
Computers | p. 302 |
Computer-Generated Images | p. 303 |
Analysis of Motion Picture Computer Graphics | p. 305 |
Computers and the Six Perspectives | p. 305 |
Personal Perspective | p. 305 |
Historical Perspective | p. 306 |
Technical Perspective | p. 314 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 324 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 328 |
Critical Perspective | p. 330 |
Future Directions for Computers | p. 330 |
World Wide Web | p. 332 |
Analysis of CD-ROM Presentations | p. 336 |
World Wide Web and the Six Perspectives | p. 336 |
Personal Perspective | p. 336 |
Historical Perspective | p. 337 |
Technical Perspective | p. 341 |
Ethical Perspective | p. 342 |
Cultural Perspective | p. 345 |
Critical Perspective | p. 346 |
Future Directions for the World Wide Web | p. 347 |
The More You Know, the More You See | p. 350 |
Pictures--Learned Before Words | p. 351 |
Living in a Picture-Filled World | p. 352 |
Light--The Link | p. 354 |
Glossary | p. 357 |
Bibliography | p. 363 |
World Wide Web Links | p. 371 |
Index | p. 381 |
Credits | p. 400 |
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