Administrative Advice | p. xiii |
Pro/Con Debates | p. xv |
Forward | p. xvi |
Preface | p. xvii |
The Authors | p. xiv |
Fundamental Principles and Concepts | p. 1 |
Development of Administrative Theory | p. 2 |
Theory | p. 2 |
Classical Organizational Theory | p. 5 |
Human Relations Approach | p. 8 |
Behavioral Science Approach | p. 10 |
Development of Administrative Thought | p. 14 |
Systems Theory | p. 14 |
Organizational Structure | p. 24 |
Basic Concepts of Organizational Structure | p. 24 |
The Bureaucratic Model | p. 27 |
The Participatory Management Model | p. 30 |
Alternative Models of Organizational Structure | p. 42 |
The School as a Social System | p. 52 |
Organizational Culture | p. 59 |
The Nature of Organizational Culture | p. 59 |
Developing, Maintaining, and Changing Organizational Culture | p. 62 |
Effects of Organizational Culture | p. 67 |
Organizational Climate | p. 73 |
Administrative Processes | p. 87 |
Motivation | p. 88 |
Defining Motivation | p. 88 |
Content Theories | p. 90 |
Process Theories | p. 100 |
Leadership | p. 112 |
The Nature of Leadership | p. 112 |
Leader Traits | p. 117 |
Leadership Behavior | p. 124 |
Contingency Leadership | p. 130 |
Leadership Styles | p. 139 |
Other Contemporary Perspectives | p. 148 |
Decision Making | p. 155 |
The Nature of Decision Making | p. 155 |
Models of Decision Making | p. 156 |
Benefits of Site-Based Decision Making | p. 166 |
Problems in Site-Based Decision Making | p. 169 |
Site-Based Decision-Making Techniques | p. 172 |
Communication | p. 180 |
The Importance of Communication | p. 180 |
The Communication Process | p. 181 |
Nonverbal Communication | p. 183 |
Direction of Communication | p. 185 |
Communication Networks | p. 189 |
Barriers to Communication | p. 194 |
Overcoming Barriers to Communication | p. 199 |
Organizational Change | p. 206 |
Schools as Open Systems | p. 207 |
Pressures for Organizational Change | p. 208 |
Resistance to Change | p. 211 |
Individual Approaches to Change | p. 216 |
Group Approaches to Change | p. 225 |
The Structural Framework for Education | p. 235 |
The Federal and State Government and Education | p. 236 |
The Federal Role in Education | p. 236 |
Changing Roles in the Federal Government and Education | p. 237 |
Congressional Influence on Education | p. 242 |
Federal Programs and Activities in Education | p. 243 |
National Reform of Education | p. 252 |
State Government and Education | p. 261 |
State Education Agencies | p. 268 |
State Reform Movements | p. 272 |
Guidelines for Reform | p. 278 |
Local School Districts | p. 284 |
Local School Policy | p. 284 |
Organization of School Districts | p. 285 |
Local School Boards | p. 295 |
The School Superintendent | p. 305 |
The Central Staff | p. 320 |
The Principal and the School | p. 326 |
School Finance and Productivity | p. 348 |
Education and Economics | p. 348 |
Tax Sources of School Revenues | p. 350 |
Local Financing of Public Schools | p. 351 |
State Financing of Public Schools | p. 355 |
State Financial Responsibility | p. 359 |
School Effectiveness and Productivity | p. 363 |
School Finance Trends | p. 370 |
Environmental Hazards | p. 374 |
School Infrastructure Costs | p. 380 |
Financing School Construction | p. 383 |
International Comparisons of Education Spending | p. 385 |
Legal Considerations and Education | p. 390 |
Legal Framework for Public Education | p. 390 |
The Law and Professional Personnel | p. 394 |
The Law and Students | p. 407 |
The Law and State Issues | p. 419 |
Administration of Programs and Services | p. 431 |
Curriculum Development and Implementation | p. 432 |
Curriculum Definitions and Approaches | p. 433 |
Curriculum Development | p. 440 |
Components of Curriculum Development | p. 448 |
The Roles of the Curriculum Worker | p. 453 |
How Implementation Occurs | p. 457 |
Implementation as a Change Process | p. 462 |
Analyzing and Improving Teaching | p. 474 |
Review of the Research on Teaching | p. 475 |
Teacher Styles | p. 476 |
Teacher Interaction | p. 477 |
Teacher Characteristics | p. 483 |
Teacher Effects | p. 485 |
Teacher Contexts: New Research, New Paradigms | p. 490 |
Helping the Beginning Teacher | p. 497 |
Support from Colleagues for Beginning Teachers | p. 500 |
Self-Evaluation | p. 503 |
Reflection | p. 505 |
Alternative Forms of Teacher Evaluation | p. 506 |
Supervisory Evaluation and Assistance | p. 507 |
Staff Development and Technology | p. 510 |
Human Resource Management | p. 517 |
The Human Resource Management Process | p. 517 |
Human Resource Planning | p. 518 |
Recruitment | p. 525 |
Selection | p. 529 |
Training and Development | p. 537 |
Performance Appraisal | p. 539 |
Compensation | p. 545 |
Union-Management Relations | p. 548 |
Careers in Educational Administration | p. 560 |
The Concept of Career | p. 560 |
Career Stages | p. 561 |
Managing Career Stress | p. 565 |
Career Development | p. 570 |
Administrator Preparation Programs | p. 575 |
Women and Minorities in Educational Administration | p. 579 |
Name Index | p. 589 |
Subject Index | p. 599 |
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