| |
| |
| Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| Table of cases | |
| |
| |
| Table of international instruments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction and overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and the process and substance of international law | |
| |
| |
| |
| Proceduralism, transnationalism and integration | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and compliance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Method | |
| |
| |
| |
| Background norms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Domestic origins of international EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elements of domestic EIA processes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Domestic EIA structure: process and substance | |
| |
| |
| |
| The roles of domestic EIA processes | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIA in developing countries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application of domestic EIA beyond the state | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and general principles of international environmental law | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nondiscrimination | |
| |
| |
| |
| The harm principle | |
| |
| |
| |
| The duty to cooperate | |
| |
| |
| |
| The proceduralization of the harm principle | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sustainable development | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIA commitments in international law | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sources of international EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Explicit EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Formally non-binding instruments | |
| |
| |
| |
| MEAs as a source of international EIA | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIA guideline documents | |
| |
| |
| |
| International organizations | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIA and interstate disputes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Customary obligations to perform EIAs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elaboration of existing EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| The structure of international EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Screening | |
| |
| |
| |
| Scoping and the contents of EIA reports | |
| |
| |
| |
| Notification and consultation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Public participation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Final decisions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Post-project monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
| Strategic environmental assessment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Implementation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Determinants of international EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structure of EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| The role of EIA commitments in international law | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and compliance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Implementation, compliance and effectiveness | |
| |
| |
| |
| Process-oriented compliance models | |
| |
| |
| |
| The managerial model | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transnational legal process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Legitimacy and compliance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Process values: transparency, participation and discursiveness | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transparency | |
| |
| |
| |
| Participation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Discursiveness | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs as transnational legal processes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Substantive values: normativity and context | |
| |
| |
| |
| Standards and norms in EIA processes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Context and EIAs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Science as a normative influence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs, interests and legitimacy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and interest-coordination | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and interest-transformation | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and legitimacy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| EIAs and the process and substance of international environmental law | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Proceduralism, transnationalism and integration in international environmental governance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Process-oriented approaches and EIAs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Proceduralization as a form of governance | |
| |
| |
| |
| The effectiveness of international EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusion: an action-forcing mechanism for international environmental law | |
| |
| |
| Appendices | |
| |
| |
| |
| List of international instruments containing EIA commitments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Espoo Convention | |
| |
| |
| |
| Antarctic Protocol, Annex I | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Index | |