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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The evolution of stressed vowels | |
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| Syllables and word stress in Latin | |
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| Stressed vowels: the (almost) pan-Romance seven-vowel system | |
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| Special developments in stressed vowels | |
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| The three Latin diphthongs | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Early changes in syllable structure and consonants | |
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| Prosthetic vowels | |
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| Syncope and new consonant clusters | |
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| Merger of /b/ and /w/ | |
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| Early consonant losses | |
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| In search of Popular Latin speech | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Consonant weakening and strengthening | |
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| Degemination | |
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| Lenition | |
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| Other consonant weakenings | |
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| Fortition | |
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| Exercises | |
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| New palatal consonants | |
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| About palatal articulation | |
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| Yods old and new | |
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| Yods and the growth of new consonants | |
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| Charles and Charlotte | |
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| Exercises | |
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| More about vowels: raising, yod effects, and nasalization | |
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| Vowel raising in Italian | |
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| Yod effects in Spanish | |
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| Yod effects in French | |
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| Nasal vowels in French | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Verb morphology: the present indicative | |
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| Infinitives | |
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| Present indicative in Popular versus standard Latin | |
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| Present indicative in Italian | |
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| Present indicative in Spanish | |
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| Present indicative in French | |
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| Stem allomorphy in the present indicative | |
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| Paradigm leveling | |
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| Paradigm disleveling | |
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| A stem extender: -sc- | |
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| Some truly irregular verbs: be, have, go | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Verb morphology: systemic reorganization | |
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| Map of the Latin verb system | |
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| How Romance reorganizes the Latin system | |
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| Present indicative and present subjunctive | |
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| Imperfect indicative | |
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| Perfect indicative: Romance synthetic past | |
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| Imperfect subjunctive | |
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| Future subjunctive | |
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| Future and conditional | |
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| A bombshell: the birth of periphrastic perfects | |
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| The passive voice | |
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| Past participles old and new | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Noun and adjective morphology | |
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| The starting-point Latin noun and adjective morphology | |
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| From five to three declension classes | |
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| From six to two cases | |
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| Romance noun and adjective morphology | |
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| The neuter diaspora: from three to two genders | |
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| Toward gender marking | |
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| Imparisyllabic nouns and adjectives | |
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| Romance personal pronouns | |
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| Birth of the definite article | |
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| Exercises | |
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| History and structure of Portuguese: in overview | |
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| Stressed vowels: the seven-vowel system | |
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| More on stressed vowels- secondary diphthongs | |
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| More on stressed vowels: nasalization | |
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| Raising effects | |
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| Early changes in consonants | |
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| Consonant weakening and strengthening | |
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| New palatal consonants | |
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| Noun and adjective morphology | |
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| Verb morphology: infinitives | |
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| Verb morphology: present indicative | |
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| Paradigm leveling and disleveling | |
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| A stem extender: -sc- | |
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| Some truly irregular verbs: be, have, go | |
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| Verbs: old categories with inherited morphology | |
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| Verbs: new periphrastic | |
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| Verbs: other new categories | |
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| Exercises | |
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| History and structure of Romanian: an overview | |
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| Romanian vowels: diachrony and synchrony | |
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| Syllable structure: conservatism and innovation | |
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| Palatal influences on consonants | |
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| Other consonant changes | |
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| Present indicative and subjunctive | |
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| Verb morphology: systemic reorganization | |
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| Noun and adjective morphology | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Formation of the Romance lexicon | |
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| Lexical competition and replacement | |
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| Exploiting the derivational resources of Latin | |
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| Cycles of added and lost meaning | |
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| Reanalysis: how the mind remakes words | |
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| Loan words | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Emergence of the Romance vernaculars | |
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| Language in the Carolingian world | |
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| The earliest Romance texts | |
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| Conclusion from dialects to standards | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Notes | |
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| Glossary of linguistic terms | |
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| Suggestions for further reading | |
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| Works cited | |
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| Index | |