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Preface | |
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Conventions, symbols and abbreviations | |
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Introduction and caveats: the notion 'Old English' | |
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A note on handbooks | |
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Historical prelude | |
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Background and origins | |
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History in linguistic description | |
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Indo-European and Germanic | |
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The attestation of Germanic | |
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Classification of the Germanic languages | |
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Indo-European to Proto-Germanic to West Germanic | |
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Germanic: an innovation cluster | |
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Formation of the PGmc vowel system | |
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The IE consonants: Grimm's Law | |
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The Accent Shift and Verner's Law | |
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Recapitulation: PGmc phonological systems | |
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Some further remarks on PGmc phonology | |
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Features of Northwest Germanic | |
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West Germanic | |
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Old English Phonology | |
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Evolution of Old English phonology: the major early sound changes | |
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Sound change and linguistic structure | |
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West Germanic Gemination | |
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Pre-nasal vowels in Ingvaeonic and Anglo-Frisian | |
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West Germanic */[alpha]:/ and */[alpha]i/ in Ingvaeonic | |
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Anglo-Frisian Brightening, Restoration of [alpha] and the /ae/:/[alpha]/ opposition | |
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Diphthongs old and new: Breaking and related processes | |
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'Long' and 'short' diphthongs | |
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Breaking, retraction and Diphthong Height Harmony | |
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Back umlaut | |
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Morphophonemic effects of diphthongization | |
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Palatalization | |
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I-umlaut | |
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From allophonic rule to phonemic contrast | |
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I-umlaut in detail | |
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I-umlaut and Old English morphology | |
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The fricatives: voicing, devoicing, hardening and deletion | |
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OE /f, [theta], s/ | |
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The velars | |
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Fricative hardening and its consequences | |
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Appendix: 'Palatal Diphthongization' | |
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Suprasegmentals | |
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Suprasegmentals | |
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Germanic stress and Old English stress | |
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Stress rules and 'degrees of stress' | |
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The Germanic Stress Rule | |
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Old English stress | |
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Major developments in weak syllables | |
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Final reduction and loss | |
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High Vowel Deletion and medial syncope | |
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Morphophonemic intermezzo | |
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Ablaut, the laryngeals and the IE root | |
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The basic alternations | |
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The conditioning of ablaut | |
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The laryngeals: 'Irregular' ablaut regularized and a new look for IE root-structure | |
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Roots and extensions | |
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Zero-grade revisited | |
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Appendix: consonantal alternations | |
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Morphology, lexis and syntax | |
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Inflectional morphology, I: nouns, pronous, determiners and adjectives | |
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The noun | |
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Root vs. stem, thematic vs. athematic | |
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IE noun-inflection: gender, number, case | |
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The major noun classes | |
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A note in retrospect | |
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Pronouns and determiners | |
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Personal pronouns | |
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'Definite article'/demonstrative | |
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Interrogative pronouns | |
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The adjective | |
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The basic inflections | |
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Comparison | |
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Inflectional morphology, II: The verb | |
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Historical preliminaries | |
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The strong verb | |
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Ablaut in the strong verb, classes I-V | |
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The strong verb, classes VI-VII | |
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The strong past participle | |
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Infinitive and present participle (strong and weak) | |
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The weak verb | |
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The weak preterite suffix and past participle | |
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The weak verb classes | |
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Preterite presents and minor verb types | |
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Preterite presents | |
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Athematic root verbs and 'to be' | |
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Person/number/mood inflection | |
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The strong verb | |
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The weak verb: present system | |
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The weak verb: preterite | |
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Vocabulary and word-formation | |
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The PGmc lexicon | |
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Loans in Old English | |
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Latin | |
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Scandinavian | |
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Celtic and French | |
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Word-formation | |
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Typology and productivity | |
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Compounding | |
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Derivation | |
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Names, adverbs and numerals | |
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Proper names | |
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Adverbs | |
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Numerals | |
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Topics in OE historical syntax: word-order and case | |
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Reconstructed syntax? | |
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Basic constituent order | |
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The clausal brace and verb-second order | |
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The syntax of the OE cases in historical perspective | |
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Overview: form, function and syncretism | |
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Historical persistence or natural semantics? IE remains in OE case syntax | |
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Historical postlude | |
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The dissolution of Old English | |
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Stasis, flux, transition | |
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Monophthongization and merger | |
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The new diphthongs | |
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Quantity adjustment | |
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Weak vowel collapse and the new morphology | |
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Glossary | |
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References | |
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Index of names | |
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Subject index | |
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Index of Old English words and affixes | |