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Editors' introduction | |
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Introduction: Science and pseudoscience | |
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Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programmes | |
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Science: reason or religion? | |
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Fallibilism versus falsificationism | |
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Dogmatic (or naturalistic) falsificationism. The empirical basis | |
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Methodological falsificationism. The 'empirical basis' | |
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Sophisticated versus naive methodological falsificationism. Progressive and degenerating problemshifts | |
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A methodology of scientific research programmes | |
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Negative heuristic: the 'hard core' of the programme | |
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Positive heuristic: the construction of the 'protective belt' and the relative autonomy of theoretical science | |
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Two illustrations: Prout and Bohr | |
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Prout: a research programme progressing in an ocean of anomalies | |
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Bohr: a research programme progressing on inconsistent foundations | |
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A new look at crucial experiments: the end of instant rationality | |
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The Michelson-Morley experiment | |
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The Lummer-Pringsheim experiments | |
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Beta-decay versus conservation laws | |
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Conclusion. The requirement of continuous growth | |
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The Popperian versus the Kuhnian research programme | |
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Popper, falsificationism and the 'Duhem-Quine thesis' | |
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History of science and its rational reconstructions | |
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Introduction | |
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Rival methodologies of science; rational reconstructions as guides to history | |
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Inductivism | |
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Conventionalism | |
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Methodological falsificationism | |
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Methodology of scientific research programmes | |
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Internal and external history | |
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Critical comparison of methodologies: history as a test of its rational reconstructions | |
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Falsificationism as a meta-criterion: history 'falsifies' falsificationism (and any other methodology) | |
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The methodology of historiographical research programmes. History --to varying degrees--corroborates its rational reconstructions | |
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Against aprioristic and anti-theoretical approaches to methodology | |
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Conclusion | |
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Popper on demarcation and induction | |
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Introduction | |
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Popper on demarcation | |
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Popper's game of science | |
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How can one criticize the rules of the scientific game? | |
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A quasi-Polanyiite 'falsification' of Popper's demarcation criterion | |
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An amended demarcation criterion | |
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An amended meta-criterion | |
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Negative and positive solutions to the problem of induction: scepticism and fallibilism | |
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The game of science and the search for truth | |
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A plea to Popper for a whiff of 'inductivism' | |
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(with Elie Zahar) Why did Copernicus's research programme supersede Ptolemy's? | |
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Introduction | |
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Empiricist accounts of the 'Copernican Revolution' | |
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Simplicism | |
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Polyanyiite and Feyerabendian accounts of the Copernican revolution | |
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The Copernican revolution in the light of the methodology of scientific research programmes | |
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The Copernican revolution in the light of Zahar's new version of the methodology of scientific research programmes | |
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A postscript on history of science and its rational reconstructions | |
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Newton's effect on scientific standards | |
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The justificationist high road to psychologism and mysticism | |
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Justificationism and its two poles: dogmatism and scepticism | |
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Psychologistic justificationism | |
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Justificationist fallibilism | |
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Newtonian methodology versus Newtonian method | |
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Newton's problem: the clash between standards and acheivements | |
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Newtonians against metaphysical criticism | |
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Newton's idea of experimental proof and its credo quid absurdum | |
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Newtonians and factual criticism | |
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Newton's double legacy | |
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References | |
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Lakatos bibliography | |
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Indexes | |