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Preface | |
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Thinking About Cities | |
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Examining Urban Issues | |
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Attitudes About Cities | |
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Box 1.1 | |
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Some Urban Myths | |
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Political Economy Perspective | |
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Cities, Change, and Conflict: Three Applications | |
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The Forbidden City Within Los Angeles | |
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Criminalizing Homelessness | |
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Project Home's Campaign against Homelessness | |
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Environmental Racism and Environmental Justice | |
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Environmental Justice in Chicago | |
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Conclusion | |
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Theoretical Perspectives on the City | |
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Theories and Paradigms | |
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Urban Ecology Paradigm | |
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Antecedents: Tonnies, Durkheim, Simmel | |
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The Chicago School | |
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Contributions and Critique | |
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Political Economy Paradigm | |
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Antecedents: Marx, Engels, and Weber | |
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Emergence of Urban Political Economy | |
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Promise and Limitations of Political Economy | |
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Perspectives on Urban Ghettos | |
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Conclusion | |
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The Changing City: Historical and Comparative Perspectives | |
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Cities in World History | |
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Origins of Cities | |
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Early Urban Centers | |
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What Makes Them Cities? | |
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Ancient Cities, 1000 B.C. to A.D. | |
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300 Physical Features of Ancient Cities | |
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Social Patterns in Ancient Cities | |
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Cities Outside of Europe | |
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Cities of the Near East | |
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Islamic Cities | |
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Cities of the Far East | |
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Chinese Cities of the Chou Dynasty | |
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Cities of the Americas | |
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City Planning in Teotihuac?n | |
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Medieval Cities in Europe | |
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Feudalism and the Growth of Towns | |
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Social Institutions | |
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Pressures on the System | |
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Growth of Capitalism and the Industrial City | |
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Cities Built on Trade | |
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World-Economy | |
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Early Industrial Cities | |
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Conclusion | |
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Urban Development in the United States | |
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A Brief History of Cities of the United States | |
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The Commercial City | |
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The Industrial City | |
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The Corporate City | |
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Explaining Urban Patterns | |
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Ecological Explanations | |
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Political Economic Explanations | |
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Process of Urban Growth and Change | |
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City Builders: Property Capitalists | |
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Local Government Officials | |
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Corporations | |
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Regional Differences in Growth and Development | |
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The South | |
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New England | |
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California | |
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Conclusion | |
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Cities, Suburbs, and Metropolitan Areas | |
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Changes in Metropolitan Areas Since 1950 | |
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Growth of Suburbs and Metropolitan Areas | |
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Policy Choices by the Federal Government | |
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Local Political Choices: To Annex of Not to Annex? | |
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Corporate Decisions: New Industrial Spaces | |
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Social Consequences of Suburbanization | |
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Restructuring the Central Cities | |
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Transformation of the Central Business Districts | |
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Social Transformation of the Cities | |
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The Process of Gentrification in New York's East Village | |
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Restructuring of the Metropolitan Los Angeles Economy | |
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Explaining Urban Transformations | |
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The United States in the World Economy | |
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Government Responses to Economic Changes | |
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Conclusion | |
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Cities in Europe | |
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Cities in Western Europe | |
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Super Cities | |
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Comparisons with North American Cities | |
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Factors Affecting Western European Cities | |
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Emerging Problems in Western European Cities | |
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Immigration | |
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Socially Excluded Groups | |
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Cities in Eastern and Central Europe | |
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Urban Planning | |
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Planning for Moscow as a Communist Mecca | |
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The International Scene in Prague | |
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Housing | |
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Economic Restructuring | |
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Environmental Challenges | |
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Globalization and Global Cities | |
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The Process of Globalization | |
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Globalization and Politics | |
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Global Cities | |
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Characteristics of Global Cities | |
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Similarities among Global Cities | |
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Conclusion | |
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Cities in the Third World | |
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Characteristics of Third World Cities | |
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Urban Population Trends | |
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The Urban-Rural Gap | |
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Economic and Political Trends | |
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The Informal Sector in Calcutta | |
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Mexico City | |
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Explaining the Diverging Paths of Urban Development | |
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Development Perspective | |
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Uneven Development Perspectives | |
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The Banana Industry and the Honduran Economy | |
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Caribbean Sweatshops | |
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Future Development of Third World Cities | |
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Conclusion | |
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Change and Conflict: Urban Social Groups | |
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Immigrants and the City | |
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Old and New Immigration | |
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Three Waves of Immigration | |
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Reactions to Newcomers | |
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Economics of Immigration | |
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U.S. Immigrations Policy | |
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Contemporary Immigrant Lifestyles | |
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Ethnic Identification and Group Solidarity | |
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The M?ndez Children | |
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Ethnic Neighborhoods and Ethnic Enclaves | |
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Immigrants in the Workplace | |
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Immigrants and Politics | |
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Do Cities Gain or Lose from Immigration? | |
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Conclusion | |
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African Americans in Cities | |
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Development of African-American Neighborhoods | |
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Urban Race Relations Before the Great Migration | |
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Race Relations in Philadelphia Before 1900 | |
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The Great Migration | |
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Whites and Segregation | |
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Enclave or Ghetto? | |
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Current Racial Patterns in Metropolitan Areas | |
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Institutional Barriers to Housing Choice | |
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Correlates and Consequences of Racial Segregation | |
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Suburban Movement | |
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Social Class Patterns in African-American Neighborhoods | |
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Changing Class Structure | |
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Racial Concentration and Political Power | |
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Geography of Race and Social Class in Detroit | |
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Current Issues Around Race and Residential Patterns | |
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Government Policy | |
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Attitudes About Racial Homogeneity | |
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Conclusion | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Changing Social Class Patterns | |
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What Is a Social Class? | |
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Social Class and Communities | |
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Mapping Studies: Pictures of the Whole City | |
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Descriptions of Urban Life: Community Studies | |
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Creation of an Elite Neighborhood | |
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Dismantling of a Working Class Community | |
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Summary | |
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Mechanisms for Sorting Out the Social Classes | |
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Housing Market | |
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Institutional Actors and Influences | |
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Labor Market | |
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The Changing Economy and the Shrinking Middle Class | |
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Housing Patterns: A Reflection of Social Inequality | |
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Withdrawal of the Affluent | |
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Displacement of the Vulnerable | |
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Homelessness: The Bottom of the Barrel | |
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Conclusion | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Women in Cities | |
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Women's Spaces, Men's Spaces | |
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Gender, Ethnicity, and Social Class in the City | |
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Gendered Urban Spaces | |
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Contemporary Workplaces | |
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Transportation | |
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Community Organizations | |
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Women as Community Activists | |
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Recreation | |
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Consumption | |
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Running Cities As If Women Mattered | |
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What Do Women Want? | |
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User-Friendly Communities | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Change and Conflict: Urban Social Institutions | |
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Urban Economic Development | |
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The Changing Economy | |
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Impact on Local Economic Bases | |
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Jobs of the Future | |
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Growth of the Informal Economy | |
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The Arts and the Urban Economy | |
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Culture as Business | |
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Urban Economic Development Policy | |
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Privatism and the Local Economy | |
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Progressive Policies for Local Economic Development | |
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Investing in Human Capital | |
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Politics of Economic Development Programs | |
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Conclusion | |
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The Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Local Government and Finances | |
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Government and Political Power | |
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Municipal Control, Political Machines, and Reforms | |
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Machine Politics in the Industrial Era | |
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Studies of Political Power | |
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Recent Directions in the Study of Local Government | |
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Financing Local Government | |
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Fiscal Crises | |
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Lessons from the Fiscal Crisis | |
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Urban Politics and Urban Reform | |
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The Progressive Agenda for Chicago | |
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Regionalism and Metropolitan Government | |
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Conclusion | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Federal Urban Policy | |
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Implicit Urban Policy | |
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Emergence of Urban Policy | |
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Public Housing | |
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Urban Renewal | |
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Department of Housing and Urban Development | |
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Summary: Efforts to Direct Urban Policy from Washington | |
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Transformation of Urban Policy | |
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New Federalism | |
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Retreat from Urban Policy | |
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Reinventing Urban Policy | |
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Politics and Urban Policy | |
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Why Is the United States Different? | |
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Conclusion | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Urban Unrest and Social Control | |
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How Orderly Is Society? | |
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Theories Stressing Order | |
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Theories Stressing Conflict | |
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Some Types of Urban Unrest | |
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Crime | |
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Gang Activity | |
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Gang Recruitment | |
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Riots | |
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Social Movements | |
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Redlining and Reinvestment | |
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Causes of Urban Disruptions | |
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Approaches to Reducing Urban Disruptions | |
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Informal Social Control | |
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Formal Social Control | |
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Strategic Reinvestment | |
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Conclusion | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Conclusions | |
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| |
Planning for the Future of Cities | |
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Urban Planning in History | |
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Defense | |
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Commerce | |
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Political Power | |
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Urban Planning: The View from the Ground | |
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Imaging the City | |
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The Social Life of the Street | |
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Urban Planning: Visions and Realities | |
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Utopian Visions | |
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Planning Realities in the United States | |
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The Vision Implemented | |
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Planning and Politics | |
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Social Justice and the City | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Online Exercises | |
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Glossary | |
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References | |
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Index | |