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Mechanics | |
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Introduction | |
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Standards of Length, Mass, and Time | |
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The Building Blocks of Matter | |
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Dimensional Analysis | |
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Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures | |
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Conversion of Units | |
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Estimates and Order-of-Magnitude Calculations | |
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Coordinate Systems | |
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Trigonometry | |
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Problem-Solving Strategy | |
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Summary | |
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Motion in One Dimension | |
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Displacement | |
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Velocity | |
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Acceleration | |
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Motion Diagrams | |
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One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration | |
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Freely Falling Objects | |
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Summary | |
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Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion | |
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Vectors and Their Properties | |
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Components of a Vector | |
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Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration in Two Dimensions | |
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Motion in Two Dimensions | |
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Relative Velocity | |
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Summary | |
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The Laws of Motion | |
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Forces | |
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Newton's First Law | |
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Newton's Second Law | |
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Newton's Third Law | |
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Applications of Newton's Laws | |
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Forces of Friction | |
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Summary | |
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Energy | |
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Work | |
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Kinetic Energy and the Work - Energy Theorem | |
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Gravitational Potential Energy | |
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Spring Potential Energy | |
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Systems and Energy Conservation | |
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Power | |
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Work Done by a Varying Force | |
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Summary | |
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Momentum and Collisions | |
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Momentum and Impulse | |
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Conservation of Momentum | |
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Collisions | |
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Glancing Collisions | |
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Rocket Propulsion | |
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Summary | |
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Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity | |
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Angular Speed and Angular Acceleration | |
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Rotational Motion Under Constant Angular Acceleration | |
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Relations Between Angular and Linear Quantities | |
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Centripetal Acceleration | |
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Newtonian Gravitation | |
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Kepler's Laws | |
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Summary | |
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Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics | |
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Torque | |
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Torque and the Two Conditions for Equilibrium | |
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The Center of Gravity | |
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Examples of Objects in Equilibrium | |
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Relationship Between Torque and Angular Acceleration | |
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Rotational Kinetic Energy | |
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Angular Momentum | |
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Summary | |
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Solids and Fluids | |
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States of Matter | |
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The Deformation of Solids | |
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Density and Pressure | |
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Variation of Pressure with Depth | |
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Pressure Measurements | |
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Buoyant Forces and Archimedes's Principle | |
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Fluids in Motion | |
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Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics | |
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscous Fluid Flow | |
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Transport Phenomena | |
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Summary | |
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Thermodynamics | |
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Thermal Physics | |
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Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Thermometers and Temperature Scales | |
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Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids | |
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Macroscopic Description of an Ideal Gas | |
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The Kinetic Theory of Gases | |
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Summary | |
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Energy in Thermal Processes | |
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Heat and Internal Energy | |
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Specific Heat | |
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Calorimetry | |
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Latent Heat and Phase Change | |
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Energy Transfer | |
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Summary | |
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The Laws of Thermodynamics | |
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Work in Thermodynamic Processes | |
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The First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Entropy | |
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Human Metabolism | |
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Summary | |
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Vibrations and Waves | |
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Vibrations and Waves | |
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Hooke's Law | |
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Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion with Uniform Circular Motion | |
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Position, Velocity, and Acceleration as a Function of Time | |
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Motion of a Pendulum | |
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Damped Oscillations | |
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Waves | |
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Frequency, Amplitude, and Wavelength | |
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The Speed of Waves on Strings | |
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Interference of Waves | |
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Reflection of Waves | |
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Summary | |
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Sound | |
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Producing a Sound Wave | |
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Characteristics of Sound Waves | |
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The Speed of Sound | |
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Energy and Intensity of Sound Waves | |
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Spherical and Plane Waves | |
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The Doppler Effect | |
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Interference of Sound Waves | |
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Standing Waves | |
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Forced Vibrations and Resonance | |
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Standing Waves in Air Columns | |
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Beats | |
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The Ear | |
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Summary | |
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Electricity and Magnetism | |
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Electric Forces and Electric Fields | |
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Properties of Electric Charges | |
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Insulators and Conductors | |
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Coulomb's Law | |
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The Electric Field | |
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Electric Field Lines | |
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Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium | |
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Electric Flux and Gauss's Law | |
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Summary | |
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Electrical Energy and Capacitance | |
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Potential Difference and Electric Potential | |
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Electric Potential and Potential Energy Due to Point Charges | |
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Potentials and Charged Conductors | |
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Equipotential Surfaces | |
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Capacitance | |
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The Parallel-Plate Capacitor | |
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Combinations of Capacitors | |
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Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor | |
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Capacitors with Dielectrics | |
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Summary | |
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Current and Resistance | |
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Electric Current | |
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A Microscopic View: Current and Drift Speed | |
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Current and Voltage Measurements in Circuits | |
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Resistance and Ohm's Law | |
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Resistivity | |
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Temperature Variation of Resistance | |
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Superconductors | |
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Electrical Energy and Power | |
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Electrical Activity in the Heart | |
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Summary | |
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Direct-Current Circuits | |
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Sources of emf | |
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Resistors in Series | |
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Resistors in Parallel | |
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Kirchhoff's Rules and Complex DC Circuits | |
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RC Circuits | |
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Household Circuits | |
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Conduction of Electrical Signals by Neurons | |
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Summary | |
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Magnetism | |
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Magnets | |
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Magnetic Fields | |
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Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor | |
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Torque on a Current Loop and Electric Motors | |
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Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field | |
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Magnetic Field of a Long, Straight Wire and Ampere's Law | |
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Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors | |
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Magnetic Fields of Current Loops and Solenoids | |
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Magnetic Domains | |
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Summary | |
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Induced Voltages and Inductance | |
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Induced emf and Magnetic Flux | |
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Faraday's Law of Induction | |
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Motional emf | |
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Lenz's Law Revisited (The Minus Sign in Faraday's Law) | |
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Generators | |
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Self-Inductance | |
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RL Circuits | |
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Summary | |
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Alternating Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves | |
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Resistors in an AC Circuit | |
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Capacitors in an AC Circuit | |
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Inductors in an AC Circuit | |
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The RLC Series Circuit | |
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Power in an AC Circuit | |
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Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit | |
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The Transformer | |
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Maxwell's Predictions | |
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Hertz's Confirmation of Maxwell's Predictions | |
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Production of Electromagnetic Waves by an Antenna | |
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Properties of Electromagnetic Waves | |
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The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves | |
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Summary | |
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Light and Optics | |
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Reflection and Refraction of Light | |
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The Nature of Light | |
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Reflection and Refraction | |
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The Law of Refraction | |
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Dispersion and Prisms | |
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The Rainbow | |
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Huygens' Principle | |
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Total Internal Reflection | |
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Summary | |
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Mirrors and Lenses | |
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Flat Mirrors | |
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Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors | |
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Convex Mirrors and Sign Conventions | |
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Images Formed by Refraction | |
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Atmospheric Refraction | |
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Thin Lenses | |
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Lens and Mirror Aberrations | |
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Summary | |
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Wave Optics | |
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Conditions for Interference | |
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Young's Double-Slit Experiment | |
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Change of Phase Due to Reflection | |
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Interference in Thin Films | |
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Diffraction | |
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Single-Slit Diffraction | |
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The Diffraction Grating | |
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Polarization of Light Waves | |
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Summary | |
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Optical Instruments | |
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The Camera | |
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The Eye | |
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The Simple Magnifier | |
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The Compound Microscope | |
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The Telescope | |
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Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular Apertures | |
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Summary | |
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Modern Physics | |
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Relativity | |
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Galilean Relativity | |
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The Speed of Light | |
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Einstein's Principle of Relativity | |
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Consequences of Special Relativity | |
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Relativistic Momentum | |
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Relativistic Energy and the Equivalence of Mass and Energy | |
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General Relativity | |
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Summary | |
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Quantum Physics | |
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Blackbody Radiation and Planck's Hypothesis | |
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The Photoelectric Effect and the Particle Theory of Light | |
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X-Rays | |
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Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals | |
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The Compton Effect | |
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The Dual Nature of Light and Matter | |
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The Wave Function | |
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The Uncertainty Principle | |
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Summary | |
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Atomic Physics | |
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Early Models of the Atom | |
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Atomic Spectra | |
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The Bohr Model | |
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Quantum Mechanics and the Hydrogen Atom | |
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The Exclusion Principle and the Periodic Table | |
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Characteristic X-Rays | |
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Atomic Transitions and Lasers | |
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Summary | |
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Nuclear Physics | |
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Some Properties of Nuclei | |
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Binding Energy | |
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Radioactivity | |
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The Decay Processes | |
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Natural Radioactivity | |
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Nuclear Reactions | |
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Medical Applications of Radiation | |
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Summary | |
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Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles | |
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Nuclear Fission | |
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Nuclear Fusion | |
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Elementary Particles and the Fundamental Forces | |
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Positrons and Other Antiparticles | |
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Classification of Particles | |
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Conservation Laws | |
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The Eightfold Way | |
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Quarks and Color | |
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Electroweak Theory and the Standard Model | |
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The Cosmic Connection | |
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Problems and Perspectives | |
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Summary | |
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Mathematics Review | |
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An Abbreviated Table of Isotopes | |
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Some Useful Tables | |
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SI Units | |
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Answers to Checkpoints, Quick Quizzes and Odd-Numbered Conceptual Questions and Problems | |
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Credits | |
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Index | |