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The Politics of American Democracy: An Introduction | |
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Conflict and Consensus in American Politics: An Introductory Discussion | |
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Introduction: President Lawrence Summers Speaks His Mind | |
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American Political Beliefs | |
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Basic Values and Beliefs | |
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Consensus, Conflict, and Apathy | |
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The Theory of American Democracy | |
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The Role of Politics | |
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The Relationship Between the People and Their Government | |
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Components of Democratic Government | |
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Public Inputs | |
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The Mechanism of Government | |
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Outputs: Public Policy | |
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Politics in Action: Illegal Immigration and American Democracy | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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The Constitution: A Framework for Conflict Resolution | |
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Introduction: The Controversy over Same-Sex Marriages | |
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The Founders' Constitution | |
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The Revolutionary Background | |
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The Articles of Confederation | |
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The Constitutional Convention | |
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Basic Compromises | |
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Ratification | |
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The Constitution: Democratic or Reactionary? | |
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Enduring Ideas and Essential Tensions: Consensus and Conflict | |
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Popular Sovereignty | |
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Limited Government | |
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Individual Rights | |
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Separation of Powers | |
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Federalism | |
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Judicial Review | |
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The Living Constitution | |
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Amending the Constitution | |
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Interpreting the Constitution | |
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Politics in Action: Government and the Ten Commandments | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Federalism in Theory and in Practice | |
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Introduction: Federalism: Consensus in Theory, Controversy in Practice | |
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Federalism as a Political Issue | |
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The Changing (Nature of American Federalism | |
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National Supremacy Versus State Rights, 1787-1865 | |
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Redefining State and National Roles, 1865-1933 | |
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Expansion of the Federal Government, 1933-1968 | |
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From Grants-in-Aid to Mandates and Regulations, 1968-1994 | |
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Devolution Federalism, 1994-? | |
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Federal-State-Local Relations: Power and Politics | |
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National Regulation of States and Localities | |
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Grants-in-Aid | |
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State and Local Influences on National Policymaking | |
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Grantsmanship | |
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The Intergovernmental Lobby | |
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Federalism in Action: Setting National Standards for Alcohol Consumption | |
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Politics In Action: National Versus State Rights: Who's in Charge? | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Issues of Freedom, Equity, and Justice | |
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Introduction: Flag Burning and Free Speech | |
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Freedom of Speech | |
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Protected Speech | |
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Unprotected Speech | |
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Symbolic Expression and Conduct | |
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Religion and the Constitution | |
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Establishment of Religion | |
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Separation of Church and State | |
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Accommodating Church and State | |
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The Exercise of Religion | |
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The Quest for Equality | |
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The Extension of Voting Rights | |
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Redistricting and Equal Representation | |
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Ending Racial Discrimination | |
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The Brown Decision | |
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 | |
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School Integration | |
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Nonracial Discrimination | |
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Minimal Versus Strict Scrutiny | |
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The Exacting Scrutiny Test | |
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Affirmative Action | |
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Justice for All | |
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Due Process of Law | |
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Unreasonable Searches and Seizures | |
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Government Interrogations | |
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Grants of Immunity | |
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Plea Bargaining | |
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Limits on Police | |
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The Miranda Warnings | |
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Right to Counsel | |
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Other Protections | |
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The Supreme Court's 2005-2006 Term: Major Decisions | |
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Politics in Action: Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished? | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Key Constitutional Law Cases | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Political Socialization, Public Opinion, and Participation | |
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Introduction: Social Security: The Public Takes a Stand | |
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The Development of Political Orientations and Attitudes | |
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Genetic Predispositions | |
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The Socialization Process | |
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Agents of Political Socialization | |
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Political Belief Systems | |
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Liberalism and Conservatism | |
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Beliefs About Democratic Government | |
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Public Opinion and Democratic Governance | |
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Determining Public Opinion | |
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The Hazards of Polling | |
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Public Knowledge | |
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Public Opinion and Political Participation | |
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Politics in Action: Public Opinion and Operation Iraqi Freedom | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Political Interest Groups | |
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Introduction: Lobbying for Firearms: The Power of the NRA | |
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Individuals, Groups, and Society | |
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The Origins and Evolution of Political Interest Groups | |
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Theories of Group Formation | |
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The Proliferation of Group Activities | |
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Sources of Group influence | |
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Electoral Activity | |
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Lobbying | |
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Types of Lobbying | |
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Targets of Lobbying | |
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Changes in Lobbying and Lobbyists | |
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Regulation of Lobbying | |
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Consequences of the Group Struggle | |
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Politics in Action: The Struggle Between the Forces of Energy and the Environment | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Political Parties | |
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Introduction: The Politicalization of the Christian Coalition | |
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The Nature of American Political Parties | |
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The Major Parties | |
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Minor Parties | |
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A Brief History of the Two-Party System | |
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The Development of National Parties, 1789-1824 | |
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The Regionalization of Parties, 1828-1852 | |
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The Civil War and Its Aftermath, 1856-1892 | |
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The Republican Era, 1896-1928 | |
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The Roosevelt Realignment, 1932-1968 | |
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The Composition of the Major Parties Today | |
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Party Organization | |
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The National Level | |
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The State Level | |
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The Local Level | |
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Parties and Elections | |
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Primary Elections | |
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Modern Campaigns | |
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Parties and Governance | |
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Determining the Party's Positions | |
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Converting Positions into Public Policy | |
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Partisan Influence on the Legislature | |
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Partisan Influence on the Executive and the Judiciary | |
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Politics in Action: Reforming the Nomination Process: The Democrats Try Again | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Campaigns and Elections | |
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Introduction: Campaigns, Collusion, and Conscience: The Cases of Tom Delay and Joe Lieberman | |
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Issues of Democratic Elections | |
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Suffrage: Who Should Be Able to Vote? | |
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How Should Elections Be Structured and Conducted? | |
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Should Citizens Be Able to Spend as Much, They Desire in Politics, Campaigns? | |
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The American Voter | |
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Who Votes and Why? | |
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Why Do People Vote in Certain Identifiable Ways? | |
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Models of Decision Making | |
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The Campaign for Office | |
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The Presidential Nomination Process | |
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The Presidential Election | |
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Nonpresidential Nominations and Elections | |
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Direct Democracy: Initiatives and Referenda | |
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Assessing the Meaning of Elections | |
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Contemporary Presidential Elections | |
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The 2006 Midterm Elections | |
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Congressional Elections | |
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Elections and Governance | |
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Politics in Action: Bush v. Gore-The Issues and Who Really Won | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Media and Politics | |
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Introduction: News Coverage of the War in Iraq | |
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The Role of the News Media | |
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Democracy and a Free Press | |
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Capitalism and a Fair Press | |
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A Brief History of the News Media in America | |
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Print Media: Newspapers | |
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Electronic Media | |
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Politics and the News Media | |
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The News Slant | |
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Manipulation of the News | |
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The Effect of the Media on Electoral Politics | |
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Government and the News Media | |
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Coverage of the President | |
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Coverage of Congress | |
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Coverage of the Judiciary | |
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The Effect of the News Media on People and Their Government | |
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Politics in Action: Private Behavior and the Public Interest | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Congress | |
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Introduction: President Bush Proposes a Faith-Based Initiative to a Republican Congress | |
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The Institution of Congress | |
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The Members of Congress | |
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The Work Environment | |
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The Organization of Congress | |
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Congressional Parties | |
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Party Politics in Congress | |
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The Committee System | |
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The Functions of Congress | |
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Legislation | |
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Representation | |
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Administrative Oversight | |
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Congressional Reform and Its Effect on American Democracy | |
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Politics in Action: The Case of the Killed Crusader | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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The Presidency | |
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Introduction: Gaining Power from Congress: The President's "Fast-track" Authority | |
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The Powers of the Presidency | |
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Constitutional Authority | |
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The Evolution of Presidential Authority | |
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Political Power | |
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Going Public | |
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The Institutional Presidency | |
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The Executive Office of the President | |
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Significant Others | |
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The Personal Dimension | |
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Physical Health | |
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Character | |
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Managerial Style | |
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Cognition | |
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Presidential Policymaking | |
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Setting the Agenda | |
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Getting It Enacted into Legislation | |
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Implementing Policy in the Executive Branch | |
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Politics in Action: Presidential Decision Making in Iraq: Which Bush Was Right? | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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The Federal Bureaucracy | |
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Introduction: Harvey Pitt and the Security and Exchange Commission | |
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The Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy | |
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Types of Organizational Structures | |
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Staffing the Bureaucracy | |
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The Executive Bureaucracy in Perspective | |
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Functions of the Executive Bureaucracy | |
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Implementation | |
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Policymaking | |
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Determinants of Bureaucratic Influence | |
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Problems of Performance and Accountability | |
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Legal Controls | |
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Legislative Checks | |
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Press Scrutiny | |
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Popular Participation | |
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Reform | |
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The Adequacy of Controls | |
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Politics in Action: Why Is Smokey the Bear Crying? | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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The Judiciary | |
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Introduction: The Supreme Court Decides and Divides: Should Cross Burning Be Allowed? | |
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Judicial Federalism | |
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Federal Courts | |
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District Courts | |
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Appellate Courts | |
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State Courts | |
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The Power of Judicial Review | |
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Political Questions | |
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Judicial Review and Political Influence | |
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Judicial Activism Versus Self-Restraint | |
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How Judges Are Chosen | |
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Appointment of Supreme Court Justices | |
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Packing the Court | |
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The Supreme Court | |
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The Court's Caseload | |
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Deciding What to Decide | |
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Hearing and Discussing Cases | |
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Writing Opinions | |
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The Politics of Judicial Policymaking | |
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Politics in Action: The Case of the Unconfirmed Judge | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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Domestic Policy | |
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Introduction: Making Public Policy: The Case of Prescription Drugs | |
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Types of Policy | |
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Impact-Based Classification | |
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Stages of Policy Development | |
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Problem Recognition | |
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Policy Formulation and Adoption: Iron Triangles and Issue Networks | |
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Policy Implementation | |
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Policy Evaluation | |
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Policy Reconsideration or Termination | |
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Politics and the Policy Process | |
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Incrementalism | |
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Major Policy Shifts | |
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Mixed Results | |
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Education Policy | |
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Education in America: An Overview | |
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Education Policy in the 1980s and 1990s | |
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Education Policy in the Twenty-First Century | |
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Health and Social Welfare Policy | |
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Social Welfare Programs: An Overview | |
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Social Insurance | |
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Unemployment Insurance | |
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Public Assistance | |
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The Politics of Social Welfare | |
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Housing Policy | |
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Housing Policy in the 1980s and 1990s | |
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Housing in the Twenty-First Century | |
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Environmental and Energy Policy | |
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Clean Water | |
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Clean Air | |
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Energy Policy | |
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Politics in Action: Where Do We Put Nuclear Waste? | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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International and National Security Policy | |
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Introduction: Nuclear Proliferation and U.S. Foreign Policy | |
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Foreign and Defense Policymaking | |
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The Conflict-Consensus Quandary in National Security Policy | |
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Foreign and National Security Policymakers | |
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Personal Diplomacy and Summit Meetings | |
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Treaties and Executive Agreements | |
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Participation in International Organizations | |
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Intelligence, Spying, and Covert Operations | |
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Armed Forces and National Security | |
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The Evolution of National Security Policy | |
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The Cold War | |
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Nuclear Deterrence | |
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Foreign Economic and Military Aid | |
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Alliances | |
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Military Force | |
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Postcommunism and the Era of Uncertainty | |
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The Fading of Communism | |
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The Fracturing of Nation-States | |
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Economic Interdependence | |
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Terrorism and the New Demands of National Security Policy | |
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Politics in Action: To Intervene or Not: The Cases of Bosnia and Rwanda | |
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Summary | |
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Key Terms | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Topics for Debate | |
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Where on the Web? | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Notes | |
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The Declaration of Independence | |
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The Constitution of the United States of America | |
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From The Federalist Nos. 10 and 51 | |
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Presidential Elections | |
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Party Control of Congress, 1901-2006 | |
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United States Supreme Court Justices, 1789-2006 | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |