| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Guide to the Phonetic Symbols Used in This Book | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why English? Why Are We Teaching English and Not Some Other Language? | |
| |
| |
| The Importance of English in the World Today | |
| |
| |
| How English Became a Global Language | |
| |
| |
| English's Strengths and Weaknesses as a Language | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Importance of English in Today's World | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Does English Compare to Other Languages? | |
| |
| |
| |
| English Use around the World | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of the English Language: A Language Evolves in a Changing World | |
| |
| |
| Before English | |
| |
| |
| Old English (c. 450-1100) | |
| |
| |
| Middle English (c. 1100-1500) | |
| |
| |
| Early Modern English (c. 1500-1700) | |
| |
| |
| Modern English (c. 1700-Present Day) | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Development of English | |
| |
| |
| |
| English Grammar: Why Are There So Many Irregular Forms in English Grammar? | |
| |
| |
| What Is Grammar? | |
| |
| |
| Describing Grammar | |
| |
| |
| Irregularities in Morphology | |
| |
| |
| Irregularities in Syntax | |
| |
| |
| Modern Changes in Grammar | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Irregular Verbs in English | |
| |
| |
| |
| Irregular Plural Nouns in English | |
| |
| |
| |
| English Vocabulary: Why Are There So Many Words, and Where Did They Come From? | |
| |
| |
| The Size of the English Lexicon | |
| |
| |
| The Origins of the Modern English Lexicon | |
| |
| |
| English Words That Have Been Created | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Old English Vocabulary in Today's English | |
| |
| |
| |
| Where Did Old English Vocabulary Come From? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Where Did English Vocabulary Come From? | |
| |
| |
| Classroom Handout: A List of Useful Latin Prefixes | |
| |
| |
| The Vocabulary Levels Test | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Sounds of English: Why Does the Pronunciation of English Vary, and Why Doesn't It Always Match the Spelling? | |
| |
| |
| Variation in the Pronunciation of English | |
| |
| |
| Mismatches between Pronunciation and Spelling in English | |
| |
| |
| Describing the Sounds of English | |
| |
| |
| Why Does Pronunciation Change? | |
| |
| |
| Historical Sound Change and Its Effect on Modern English Pronunciation | |
| |
| |
| Accent | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| When Did Words Come into English? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Find the Silent Letter | |
| |
| |
| |
| Many Spellings for One Sound | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Spelling of English: How Did the Writing System of English Develop? | |
| |
| |
| The Origins of the English Alphabet | |
| |
| |
| The Standardization of English Spelling | |
| |
| |
| Changing the Spellings of Words | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Comparing British and American English (Spelling) | |
| |
| |
| |
| English around the World: How Is English Different in Various Countries around the World? | |
| |
| |
| The Uniformity of English around the World | |
| |
| |
| Standard English | |
| |
| |
| The Three Circles of Global English Usage | |
| |
| |
| What Are the Differences between American and British English? | |
| |
| |
| English in Non Native-Speaking Countries | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Comparing British and American English (Vocabulary) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Comparing Different Kinds of English | |
| |
| |
| |
| English in the Future: Where Is English Going? | |
| |
| |
| Will English Become More Uniform, or Will It Fragment in the Future? | |
| |
| |
| Will English Continue to Be a Prominent World Language? | |
| |
| |
| What Will English Look Like in the Future? | |
| |
| |
| Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Endnotes | |
| |
| |
| Teacher's Notes and Answers to the Classroom Exercises | |
| |
| |
| Index | |