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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Author | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Terms of Trade: The Flow of Funds Through the Health Care System | |
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| What is Economics? | |
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| The Flow of Funds | |
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| Quality | |
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| Public or Private Choices | |
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| Research | |
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| Time | |
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| Economic Principles as Conceptual Tools | |
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| Health Principles | |
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| Health and The Economy | |
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| Demand and Supply | |
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| Need Versus Demand | |
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| The Demand Curve | |
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| Marginal Revenue | |
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| Is Money the Only Price? | |
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| Supply: Inputs and Production Functions | |
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| Markets | |
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| The Production of Health | |
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| Efficiency | |
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| Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | |
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| Cost-Benefit Analysis is about Making Choices | |
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| Maximization: Finding the Optimum | |
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| Measuring Benefits | |
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| Measuring Costs | |
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| Evidence-Based Medicine | |
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| The Value of Life | |
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| Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) | |
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| Perspectives: Patient, Payer, Government, Provider, Society | |
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| Health Insurance: Financing Medical Care | |
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| Methods for Covering Risks | |
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| Insurance: Third-Party Payment | |
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| Risk Aversion | |
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| Adverse Selection | |
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| Moral Hazard | |
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| Tax Benefits | |
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| Effects of Health Insurance on Labor Markets | |
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| History of Health Insurance | |
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| Financing Health Care: Insurance as a Funding Mechanism | |
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| Insurance Contracts and Managed Care | |
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| Types of Insurance Plans | |
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| HSA's, Medical Savings Accounts and "Consumer-Driven Health Plans." | |
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| A Range of Risk Bearing: Fixed Premiums, Administered Services Only, and Self-Insurance | |
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| Managed Care Plans | |
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| The Range of Managed Care Plans | |
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| Is Managed Care The Solution to Rising Costs? | |
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| Managed Competition: The Enthoven Plan | |
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| Incentives-To Patients, To Payers, and To Providers | |
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| Physicians | |
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| Financing Physician Services: Revenues | |
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| Physician Incomes | |
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| Physician Financing: Expenses | |
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| The Transaction Between Doctor And Patient | |
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| Uncertainty | |
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| Licensure: Quality or Profits? | |
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| Medical Education, Organization, and Business Practices | |
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| Medical Education | |
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| The Origins of Licensure and Linkage to Medical Education | |
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| Adjusting Physician Supply | |
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| Group Practice: How Organization and Technology affect Transactions | |
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| Kickbacks, Self-Dealing, and Side Payments | |
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| Price Discrimination | |
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| Practice Variations | |
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| Insurance, Price Competition, and The Structure of Medical Markets | |
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| Hospitals | |
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| From Charitable Institutions to Corporate Chains: Development of the Modern Hospital | |
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| Hospital Financing: Revenues | |
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| Hospital Financing: Expenses | |
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| Financial Management and Cost Shifting | |
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| How do Hospitals Compete? | |
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| Organization: Who Controls The Hospital and for What Ends? | |
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| Management and Regulation of Hospital Costs | |
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| Why do some Hospitals Cost more than Others? | |
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| How Management Controls Costs | |
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| Conflict Between Economic Theory and Accounting Measures of Per Unit Cost | |
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| Economies of Scale | |
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| Quality and Cost | |
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| Controlling Hospital Costs Through Regulation | |
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| Long-Term Care | |
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| Development of The Long-Term Care Market | |
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| Defining Ltc: Types of Care | |
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| Medicaid: Nursing Homes as A Two-Part Market | |
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| Certificate of Need: Whose Needs? | |
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| Case-Mix Reimbursement | |
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| Substitution | |
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| Financial Reimbursement Cycles | |
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| Continuing Care Retirement Communities and The Wealthy Elderly | |
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| The Effects of aging on Cost and Utilization | |
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| Pharmaceuticals | |
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| Pharmaceutical Revenues: Sourceso Of FI | |