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Preface | |
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Biographical Sketches | |
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Introduction and Historical Overview | |
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Mechanical Failure Modes | |
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Importance of Fatigue Considerations in Design | |
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Historical Overview of Fatigue | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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Biographical Sketches | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Fatigue Design Methods | |
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Strategies in Fatigue Design | |
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The In-House Tool | |
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The New Model | |
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The New Product | |
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Design to Code | |
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Fatigue Design Criteria | |
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Infinite-Life Design | |
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Safe-Life Design | |
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Fail-Safe Design | |
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Damage-Tolerant Design | |
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Analysis and Testing | |
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Probabilistic Design and Reliability | |
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CAE and Digital Prototyping | |
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In-Service Inspection and Acquisition of Relevant Experience | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Macro/Micro Aspects of Fatigue of Metals | |
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Fatigue Fracture Surfaces and Macroscopic Features | |
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Fatigue Mechanisms and Microscopic Features | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Fatigue Tests and the Stress-Life (S-N) Approach | |
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Fatigue Loading, Test Machines, and Specimens | |
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Fatigue Loading | |
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Fatigue Test Machines | |
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Fatigue Test Specimens | |
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Stress-Life (S-N) Curves | |
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General S-N Behavior | |
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Fatigue Limit Under Fully Reversed Uniaxial Stressing | |
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Mean Stress Effects on S-N Behavior | |
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Factors Influencing S-N Behavior | |
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Microstructure | |
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Size Effects | |
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Surface Finish | |
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Frequency | |
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S-N Curve Representation and Approximations | |
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Example of Life Estimation Using the S-N Approach | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Cyclic Deformation and the Strain-Life ([varepsilon]-N) Approach | |
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Monotonic Tension Test and Stress-Strain Behavior | |
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Strain-Controlled Test Methods | |
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Cycle-Dependent Material Deformation and Cyclic Stress-Strain Behavior | |
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Strain-Based ([varepsilon]-N) Approach to Life Estimation | |
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Determination of Strain-Life Fatigue Properties | |
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Mean Stress Effects | |
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Surface Finish and Other Factors Influencing Strain-Life Behavior | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Fundamentals of Lefm and Applications to Fatigue Crack Growth | |
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Lefm Concepts | |
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Loading Modes | |
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Stress Intensity Factor, K | |
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K Expressions for Common Cracked Members | |
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Superposition for Combined Mode I Loading | |
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Crack Tip Plastic Zone | |
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Fracture Toughness--K[subscript c], K[subscript Ic] | |
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Fatigue Crack Growth, da/dN-[Detta]K | |
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Sigmoidal da/dN-[Detta]K Curve | |
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Constant Amplitude Fatigue Crack Growth Test Methods | |
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da/dN-[Detta]K for R = 0 | |
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Crack Growth Life Integration Example with No Mean Stress Effects | |
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Mean Stress Effects | |
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Cyclic Plastic Zone Size | |
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Crack Closure | |
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Small Fatigue Cracks and Lefm Limitations | |
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Plasticity Extension of Lefm and Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Notches and Their Effects | |
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Concentrations and Gradients of Stress and Strain | |
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S-N Approach for Notched Members | |
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Notch Sensitivity and the Fatigue Notch Factor, K[subscript f] | |
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Effects of Stress Level on Notch Factor | |
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Mean Stress Effects and Haigh Diagrams | |
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Example of Life Estimation with the S-N Approach | |
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Notch Strain Analysis and the Strain-Life Approach | |
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Notch Stresses and Strains | |
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Neuber's Rule | |
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Strain Energy Density or Glinka's Rule | |
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Plane Stress versus Plane Strain | |
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Example of Life Estimation Using the Strain-Life Approach | |
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Applications of Fracture Mechanics to Crack Growth at Notches | |
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The Two-Stage Approach to Fatigue Life Estimation | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Residual Stresses and Their Effects on Fatigue Resistance | |
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Examples | |
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Production of Residual Stresses and Fatigue Resistance | |
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Mechanical Methods | |
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Thermal Methods | |
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Plating | |
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Machining | |
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Relaxation of Residual Stresses | |
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Measurement of Residual Stresses | |
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Stress Intensity Factors for Residual Stresses | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Fatigue from Variable Amplitude Loading | |
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Spectrum Loads and Cumulative Damage | |
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Damage Quantification and the Concepts of Damage Fraction and Accumulation | |
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Cumulative Damage Theories | |
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Palmgren-Miner Linear Damage Rule | |
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Nonlinear Damage Theories | |
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Load Interaction and Sequence Effects | |
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Cycle Counting Methods | |
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Rainflow Method | |
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Other Cycle Counting Methods | |
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Life Estimation Using the Stress-Life Approach | |
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Life Estimation Using the Strain-Life Approach | |
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Crack Growth and Life Estimation Models | |
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Simulating Service Histories in the Laboratory and Digital Prototyping | |
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Laboratory Test Methods | |
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Digital Prototyping | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Multiaxial Stresses | |
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States of Stress and Strain and Proportional versus Nonproportional Loading | |
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Yielding and Plasticity in Multiaxial Fatigue | |
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Stress-Based Criteria | |
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Equivalent Stress Approaches | |
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Sines Method | |
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Examples Using the Stress-Life Approach | |
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Strain-Based, Energy-Based, and Critical Plane Approaches | |
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Strain-Based and Energy-Based Approaches | |
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Critical Plane Approaches and the Fatemi-Socie Model | |
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Example of Nonproportional Loading | |
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Fracture Mechanics Models for Fatigue Crack Growth | |
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Notch Effects and Variable Amplitude Loading | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Environmental Effects | |
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Corrosion Fatigue | |
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Stress Corrosion Cracking/Environment-Assisted Cracking | |
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Stress-Life (S-N) Behavior | |
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Strain-Life ([varepsilon]-N) Behavior | |
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Fatigue Crack Growth (da/dN-[Delta]K) Behavior | |
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Protection Against Corrosion Fatigue | |
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Corrosion Fatigue Life Estimation | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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Fretting Fatigue | |
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Mechanisms of Fretting Fatigue | |
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Influence of Variables | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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Low-Temperature Fatigue | |
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Monotonic Behavior at Low Temperatures | |
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Stress-life (S-N) Behavior | |
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Strain-life ([varepsilon]-N) Behavior | |
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Fatigue Crack Growth (da/dN-[Delta]K) Behavior | |
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Variable Amplitude Behavior and Fatigue Life Estimation | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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High-Temperature Fatigue | |
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Creep Deformation | |
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Stress-Strain Behavior Under Cyclic Loading and Hold Times | |
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Stress-life (S-N) Creep Behavior | |
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Strain-life ([varepsilon]-N) Behavior | |
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Fatigue Crack Growth (da/dN-[Delta]K) Behavior | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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Neutron Irradiation | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Fatigue of Weldments | |
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Weldment Nomenclature and Discontinuities | |
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Constant Amplitude Fatigue Behavior of Weldments | |
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Stress-Life (S-N) Behavior | |
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Strain-Life ([varepsilon]-N) Behavior | |
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Crack Growth (da/dN-[Delta]K) Behavior | |
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Spot Welds | |
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Improving Weldment Fatigue Resistance | |
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Weldment Fatigue Life Estimation | |
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General Weldment Fatigue Life Models | |
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Weldment Fatigue Design Codes and Standards | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Statistical Aspects of Fatigue | |
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Definitions and Quantification of Data Scatter | |
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Probability Distributions | |
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Normal and Log-Normal Distributions | |
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Weibull Distributions | |
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Estimating Low Probabilities of Failure | |
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Tolerance Limits | |
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Regression Analysis of Fatigue Data | |
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Reliability Analysis | |
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Example Problem Using the Weibull Distribution | |
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Summary | |
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Dos and Don'ts in Design | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Material Properties | |
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Monotonic Tensile Properties and Fully Reversed, Bending Unnotched Fatigue Limits, S[subscript f], of Selected Engineering Alloys | |
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Monotonic, Cyclic, and Strain-Life Properties of Selected Engineering Alloys | |
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Plane Strain Fracture Toughness, K[subscript Ic], for Selected Engineering Alloys (Plate Stock, L-T Direction Unless Otherwise Specified) | |
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Fatigue Crack Growth Threshold, [Delta]Kth, for Selected Engineering Alloys | |
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Corrosion Fatigue Behavior in Water or Salt Water for Life [greater than or equal] 10[superscript 7] Cycles for Selected Engineering Alloys | |
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Author Index | |
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Subject Index | |