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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Digital Technology | |
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| Smaller Is Better | |
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| Medical Marvels | |
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| Improving Shuttle Safety | |
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| Airport Security | |
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| Process Control | |
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| Instrument Synchronization with PXI | |
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| PCI vs. PXI | |
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| 60,000-Mile-High Elevator | |
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| Proliferation of Information | |
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| Acoustic Emissions | |
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| Principles and Theory | |
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| Signal Propagation | |
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| Physical Considerations | |
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| The AE Process Chain | |
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| Time Considerations | |
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| AE Parameters | |
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| The AE Measurement Chain | |
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| Vallen AMSY-5 High-Speed AE System | |
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| Location Calculation and Clustering | |
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| Advantages and Limitations of AE Testing | |
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| AMSY-5 Main Features | |
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| AE Transducers | |
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| Kistler Piezotron“ Acoustic Emission Sensors and Couplers | |
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| AE Sensor Construction | |
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| Summary of AE Sensor Features | |
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| Technical Specifications-8152B2 Sensor | |
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| AE Coupler Features | |
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| Technical Specifications-5125B Coupler | |
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| Acoustic Emission Technology | |
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| AE Applications | |
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| AE Theory | |
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| Applications | |
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| Advanced Equipment | |
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| Codes, Standards, Practices, Guidelines, and Societies | |
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| Application and Product-Specific Procedures | |
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| Impact-Echo Method | |
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| Technical Specifications | |
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| Applications | |
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| Electromagnetic Testing Method | |
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| Eddy Current Theory | |
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| Magnetic Flux Leakage Theory | |
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| Eddy Current Sensing Probes | |
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| Flux Leakage Sensing Probes | |
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| Factors Affecting Flux Leakage | |
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| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | |
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| Test Frequency | |
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| Magnetization for Flux Leakage Testing | |
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| Coupling | |
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| Eddy Current Techniques | |
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| Instrument Design Considerations | |
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| UniWest US-454 EddyView | |
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| Institut Dr. Foerster | |
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| Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing | |
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| Applications | |
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| Use of Computers | |
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| Barkhausen Noise/Micromagnetic Testing | |
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| Early Applications | |
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| Principles of Measurement | |
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| Equipment | |
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| Technical Specifications | |
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| Calibration and Testing | |
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| Current Applications | |
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| General Applications | |
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| Electromechanical Acoustic Transducers (EMATs | |
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| Basic Theory of Operation | |
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| Recent Applications and Developments | |
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| Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) Method | |
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| ACFM Principles of Operation | |
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| Probe Design | |
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| Applications | |
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| Laser Testing Methods | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Disadvantages | |
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| Main Advantages | |
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| Laser Theory | |
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| Laser Safety | |
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| Laser Classification | |
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| Training | |
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| Profilometry Methods | |
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| Basic TV Holography/ESPI Interferometry | |
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| Nanometric Profiling Measurements | |
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| Conoscopic Holography | |
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| Confocal Measurement | |
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| NanoSurf Confocal Microscopy | |
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| 3D Confocal Microscopy | |
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| Nanometric Profiling Applications | |
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| Scanning Laser Profilometry | |
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| Laser-Scanned Penetrant Inspection (LSPITM-Patent Pending) | |
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| Advanced Techniques | |
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| Natural and External Excitation | |
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| Strain/Stress Measurement | |
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| Longer Range 3D Speckle Interferometry System | |
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| Nondestructive Testing (NDT) | |
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| Shearography | |
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| Portable Shearography System | |
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| Feltmetal Inspection System | |
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| Optional Applications | |
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| Optical Inspection Systems | |
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| ARGUS | |
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| TRITOP | |
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| System Advantages | |
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| Portable Measuring System Technique | |
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| Dynamic TRITOP | |
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| Other Laser Methods | |
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| Leak Testing Methods | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Fundamentals | |
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| Ultrasonic Leak Testing | |
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| Bubble Leak Testing | |
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| Dye Penetrant Leak Testing | |
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| Pressure Change Leak Testing | |
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| Helium Mass Spectrometer Leak Testing | |
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| Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector | |
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| MSLD Subsystems | |
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| Vacuum System Configurations | |
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| Electronics | |
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| Methods of Leak Detection | |
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| Vacuum Testing Method (Outside-In | |
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| Pressure Test Method (Inside-Out | |
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| Accumulation Testing Method | |
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| Vacuum Systems | |
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| Pressurized Systems | |
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| MSLD Configurations | |
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| Calibration | |
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| Radioisotope Tracer Leak Testing | |
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| Bubble Leak Testing | |
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| Pressure Change Leak Testing | |
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| Pressure Change Measurement Testing | |
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| Leakage Rate and Flow Measurement Testing | |
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| Nuclear Reactor Systems | |
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| Halogen Diode Leak Testing | |
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| "Sniffer" Techniques | |
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| VIC MSLD Leak Detectors | |
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| MSLD Subsystems | |
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| Operating Sequence (MS-40 and MS-40 Dry) | |
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| Calibration Sequence (MS-40 and MS-40 Dry) | |
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| Liquid Penetrant Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Processing | |
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| Test Methods | |
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| Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Methods | |
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| Test Equipment | |
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| Penetrant Materials | |
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| System Comparisons | |
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| Applications | |
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| Measurement of UV and Visible Light | |
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| Automatic and Semiautomatic Penetrant Testing Methods | |
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| Magnetic Particle Testing | |
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| Magnetic Principles | |
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| Magnets and Magnetic Fields | |
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| Discontinuities and Defects | |
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| Induced Magnetic Fields | |
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| Circular and Longitudinal Fields | |
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| Selection of Magnetizing Method | |
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| Commercial Equipment | |
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| Wet and Dry Particle Inspection | |
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| MT Improvements | |
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| Applications | |
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| Residual Fields and Demagnetization | |
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| Magnetic Flux Strips | |
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| Hall Effect Gaussmeter | |
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| The Hysteresis Curve | |
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| Selection of Equipment | |
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| Advantages and Disadvantages of the Method | |
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| Magnetic Rubber Inspection | |
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| Underwater MRI | |
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| Magnetic Penetrameters | |
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| Automatic and Semiautomatic Inspection | |
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| Magwerks Integrated System Tracking Technology | |
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| Discontinuities and Their Appearances | |
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| Nonrelevant Indications | |
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| Neutron Radiographic Testing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Physical Principles | |
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| Neutron Radiation Sources | |
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| Neutron Activation Analysis | |
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| Ward Center TRIGA Reactor | |
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| Radiation Hazards and Personal Protection | |
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| Radiation Detection Imaging | |
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| Electronic Imaging | |
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| Nonimaging Detectors | |
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| Neutron Radiographic Process | |
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| Interpretation of Results | |
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| Other Neutron Source Applications | |
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| Neutron Level Gauges | |
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| Californium-252 Sources | |
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| Neutron Radioscopic Systems | |
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| Radiographic Testing Method | |
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| Industrial Radiography | |
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| Work Practices | |
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| Time-Distance-Shielding-Containment | |
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| Regulatory Requirements | |
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| Exposure Devices | |
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| State and Federal Regulations | |
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| Basic Radiographic Physics | |
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| Fundamental Properties of Matter | |
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| Radioactive Materials | |
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| Types of Radiation | |
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| Interaction of Radiation with Matter | |
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| Biological Effects | |
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| Radiation Detection | |
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| Radiation Sources | |
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| Portable Linear Accelerators | |
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| Special Radiographic Techniques | |
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| Standard Radiographic Techniques | |
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| The Radiograph | |
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| Fluoroscopy Techniques | |
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| Flat Panel Digital Imaging Systems | |
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| Flat Panel Systems vs. Fuji Dynamix CR Imaging System | |
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| Industrial Computed Tomography | |
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| Automatic Defect Recognition | |
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| The Digitome Process | |
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| Manufacturing Processes and Discontinuities | |
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| Other Isotope Applications | |
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| Thermal/Infrared Testing Method | |
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| Basic Modes of Heat Transfer | |
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| The Nature of Heat Flow | |
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| Temperature Measurement | |
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| Common Temperature Measurements | |
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| Color Change Thermometry | |
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| Temperature Sensors with External Readouts | |
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| Infrared Imaging Energy | |
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| Heat and Light Concepts | |
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| Pyrometers | |
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| Infrared Imaging Systems | |
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| Spacial Resolution Concepts | |
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| Infrared Testing Method | |
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| High-Performance Thermal Imager for Predictive Maintenance | |
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| High-Performance Radiometric IR System | |
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| Mikron Instrument Company, Inc | |
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| Mikron 7200V Thermal Imager and Visible Light Camera | |
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| High-Speed IR Line Cameras | |
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| Other Thermal Testing Methods | |
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| Ultrasonic Testing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definition of Acoustic Parameters of a Transducer | |
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| Noncontacting Ultrasonic Testing | |
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| Ultrasonic Pulsers/Receivers | |
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| Multilayer Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge | |
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| Conventional Ultrasound | |
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| Ultrasonic Testing Equipment | |
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| Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD | |
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| Vibration Analysis Method | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Principles/Theory | |
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| Sources of Vibration | |
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| Noise Analysis | |
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| Stress Analysis | |
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| Modal Analysis | |
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| Vibration Analysis/Troubleshooting | |
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| Transfer Functions | |
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| Predictive Maintenance | |
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| Failure Analysis | |
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| Impact Testing and Frequency Response | |
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| Pass and Fail Testing | |
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| Correction Methods | |
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| Machine Diagnosis | |
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| Sensors | |
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| Rolling Element Bearing Failures | |
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| Bearing Vibration/Noise | |
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| Blowers and Fans | |
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| Vibrotest 60 Version 4 | |
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| Signal Conditioning | |
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| Equipment Response to Environmental Factors | |
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| Data Presentation | |
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| Online Monitoring | |
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| Portable Noise and Vibration Analysis System | |
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| Laser Methods | |
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| TEC's Aviation Products | |
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| Visual and Optical Testing | |
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| Fundamentals | |
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| Principles and Theory of Visual Testing | |
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| Selection of Correct Visual Technique | |
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| Equipment | |
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| Fiberscopes and Videoscopes | |
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| SnakeEyeTM Diagnostic Tool | |
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| Industrial Videoscopes | |
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| Projection Microscopes | |
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| The Long-Distance Microscope | |
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| InfiniMaxTM Long-Distance Microscope | |
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| Remote Visual Inspection | |
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| Robotic Crawler Units | |
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| Pipe and Vessel Inspections/Metal Joining Processes | |
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| Ocean Optics Photometers | |
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| Overview of Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A, 2001 Edition | |
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| Purpose | |
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| NDT Levels of Qualification | |
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| Recommended NDT Level III Education, Training, and Experience | |
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| Written Practice | |
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| Charts | |
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| Recommended Training Courses | |
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| Bibliography of Credits | |
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| Company Contributors | |
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| Index | |