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| Foreword | |
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| Series Preface | |
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| Preface | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Introduction to Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Historical Perspective | |
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| Why Mass Spectrometry? | |
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| Basic Concepts of Mass Spectrometry | |
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| The Nature of Mass Spectrometry Data | |
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| Applications | |
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| Literature | |
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| Ionization Methods | |
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| Electron Ionization | |
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| Basic Principles of Electron Ionization | |
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| Limitations of Electron Ionization | |
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| Chemical Ionization | |
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| Charge-Exchange Chemical Ionization (CECI) | |
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| Mixed Chemical Ionization | |
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| Negative-Ion Chemical Ionization | |
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| Limitations of Chemical Ionization | |
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| Desorption Ionization | |
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| Field Desorption | |
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| Plasma Desorption Ionization | |
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| Fast-Atom Bombardment | |
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| Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization | |
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| Spray Techniques | |
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| Thermospray Ionization | |
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| Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization | |
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| Electrospray Ionization | |
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| Comparison of Different Ionization Methods | |
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| Mass Analysis and Ion Detection | |
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| Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Kinetic Energy of Ions | |
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| Magnetic Analyzer | |
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| Electrostatic Analyzer | |
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| Double-Focusing Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Quadrupole Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Principle of Operation | |
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| Mass Range | |
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| Mass Resolution | |
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| RF-Only quadrupole | |
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| Quadrupole Ion-Trap Mass Spectrometer | |
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| Principle of Operation | |
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| Extension of Mass Range and Resolution of an Ion Trap | |
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| Coupling with ESI and MALDI Techniques | |
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| Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer | |
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| Principle of Operation | |
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| Mass Resolution | |
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| Reflectron | |
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| Orthogonal Acceleration TOF Mass Spectrometer | |
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| Time-Delay Ion Extraction for Structure Elucidation Applications | |
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| Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer | |
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| Principle of Operation | |
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| High-Mass Analysis Capabilities | |
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| High-Mass Resolution Capability | |
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| Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry | |
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| A Comparison of Important Characteristics of Mass Analyzers | |
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| Ion Detection | |
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| Faraday Cup Detector | |
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| Secondary Electron Multipliers | |
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| Postacceleration Detector | |
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| Low-Temperature Calorimetric Detectors for High-Mass Ions | |
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| Focal Plane Detectors | |
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| Tandem Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Types of Scans | |
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| Instrumentation for Tandem Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Magnetic Sector Tandem Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Triple-Sector Quadrupole | |
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| Hybrid Tandem Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Time-of-Flight Instrument | |
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| Tandem Ion-Trap Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Modes of Ion Activation | |
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| Metastable Ions | |
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| Collision-Induced Dissociation | |
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| Other Modes of Ion Activation | |
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| Molecular Mass Measurement | |
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| Definition of Molecular Mass | |
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| Monoisotopic versus Average Mass | |
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| Resolving Power | |
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| High-Resolution Mass Spectrometers | |
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| Exact Mass Measurements | |
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| High-Resolution Exact Mass Measurements by Magnetic Sector Instruments | |
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| High-Resolution Exact Mass Measurements by MALDI-TOFMS | |
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| High-Resolution Exact Mass Measurements by FT-ICRMS | |
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| Exact Mass Measurements at Low Resolution with a Quadrupole Mass Filter | |
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| Mass Measurement of Biopolymers | |
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| Mass Measurements of Megadalton-Sized Molecules | |
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| Mass Calibration Standards | |
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| Quantitative Analysis | |
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| Calibration | |
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| Internal Standard | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Measurements | |
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| Selected-Ion Monitoring | |
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| Selected-Reaction Monitoring | |
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| Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis | |
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| Nanoelectrospray Ionization for Quantitative Analysis | |
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| High-Throughput LCMS and LCMSMS Analyses | |
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| Validation Studies | |
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| Coupling of Separation Techniques with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| General Considerations | |
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| Types of Mass Analyzers | |
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| The Types of Mass Spectrometry Signal | |
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| Mass Spectral Data Acquisition | |
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| Gas Chromatography/Mass spectrometry | |
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| Basic Principles of Gas Chromatography | |
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| Coupling of Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Applications | |
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| High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Basic Principle of HPLC Separation | |
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| Coupling of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Coupling of Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Interface | |
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| Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Basic Principle of Capillary Electrophoresis | |
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| Coupling of Capillary Electrophoresis with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Affinity Chromatography Combined with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Other Separation Techniques Combined with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Structural Analysis of Proteins | |
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| Biological Functions and Structures of Proteins | |
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| Traditional Biochemical Approaches | |
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| A General Protocol for Determination of the Primary Structure of Proteins | |
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| Purification of Proteins | |
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| Molecular Mass Measurement of Proteins | |
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| Peptide Mapping | |
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| Reduction and Carboxymethylation | |
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| Cleavage of Proteins | |
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| Fractionation of Protein Digest by RP-HPLC | |
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| Analysis of Peptide Maps | |
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| Protein Identification by Gel Electrophoresis--Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Characterization of Gel-Separated Proteins | |
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| Protein Identification by Database Searching | |
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| De Novo Protein Sequencing | |
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| Proteomics | |
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| Automated High-throughput Analysis of Proteins | |
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| Characterization of Mutations in Proteins | |
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| Disulfide Bond Location in Proteins | |
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| Determination of the Number of Disulfide Bonds | |
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| Generation of Disulfide-Containing Peptides | |
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| Identification of Disulfide-Containing Peptides | |
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| Sequence Verification of Disulfide-Containing Peptides | |
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| Analysis of Phosphoproteins | |
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| Traditional Approaches for the Analysis of Phosphoproteins | |
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| Mass Spectometry Protocal for Analysis of Phosphoproteins | |
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| Structural Characterization of Peptides | |
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| Traditional Approaches for Analysis of Peptides | |
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| Older Mass Spectrometry Methods | |
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| Fragmentation Characteristics of Peptides | |
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| Characterization of Peptides by FABMS | |
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| Sequence Determination by FAB and Conventional Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Chemical Derivatization of Peptides for FAB Analysis | |
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| Characterization of Peptides by ESIMS | |
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| Characterization of Peptides by MALDIMS | |
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| Sequencing of Peptides by MALDIMS | |
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| Sequence Determination by Tandem Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Sequence Information from a Mass Spectrum | |
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| Study of Metal Ion Adducts | |
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| De Novo Peptide Sequencing | |
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| Electron Capture Dissociation | |
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| Peptide Ladder Sequencing | |
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| Generation of Peptide Ladders | |
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| Analysis of Glycoproteins and Oligosaccharides | |
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| Structural Features of Glycans and Glycoproteins | |
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| Analysis of Glycoproteins | |
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| Determination of the Molecular Mass of Glycoproteins | |
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| Identification of the Presence, Type, and Sites of Glycosylation | |
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| Release of Carbohydrate Side Chains from Glycopeptides | |
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| FABMS Analysis | |
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| ESIMS Analysis | |
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| MALDIMS Analysis | |
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| Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis | |
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| Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Side Chains | |
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| Linkage Analysis by GCMS | |
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| FABMS Analysis | |
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| Analysis by ESIMS and MALDIMS | |
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| Characterization by Molecular Mass and Database Search | |
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| Sequential Digestion Methods | |
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| Collision-Induced Dissociation for Structural Analysis of Carbohydrates | |
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| Postsource Decay for Structural Analysis of Carbohydrates | |
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| Folding-Unfolding and Higher-order Structures of Proteins | |
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| Conventional Methods for Study of Conformational Changes in Proteins | |
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| Charge-State Distribution as a Measure of Conformation of Proteins | |
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| Reactivity of Some Functional Groups as a Measure of Conformation of Proteins | |
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| Hydrogen Exchange as a Probe of Conformational Changes in Proteins | |
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| Amide Hydrogen Exchange Rate as a Probe of the Protein Structures | |
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| Conformational Dynamics of Proteins | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Measurements of Amide Hydrogen Exchange Rates | |
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| Time-Resolved Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Study of Conformational Changes | |
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| Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization for Study of Conformational Changes | |
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| Peptide Mass Mapping for Study of Conformational Changes | |
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| Ion Mobility Measurements for Study of Conformational Changes | |
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| Investigation of Noncovalent Interactions | |
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| Conventional Methods for Study of Noncovalent Complexes | |
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| Mass Spectrometry-Based Approaches for Study of Noncovalent Interactions | |
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| Electrospray Ionization for Study of Noncovalent Complexes | |
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| Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization for Study of Noncovalent Complexes | |
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| Hydrogen/Deuterium Isotope Exchange for Study of Noncovalent Complexes | |
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| Proteolytic Cleavage for Study of Noncovalent Complexes | |
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| Determination of Binding Affinities | |
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| Absolute Values of Binding Constants | |
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| Protein Epitope Mapping | |
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| Applications | |
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| Protein-Protein Complexes | |
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| Protein-Peptide and Peptide-Peptide Complexes | |
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| Protein-Small-Molecule Complexes | |
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| Polypeptide-Metal Ion Complexes | |
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| Noncovalent Complexes of Oligonucleotides | |
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| Noncovalent Complexes of Proteins and Oligonucleotides | |
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| Structure Determination of Lipids and Glycolipids | |
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| A General View of Lipid Structures | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Fatty Acids and Glycerides | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phospholipids | |
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| Fast-Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phospholipids | |
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| Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry of Phospholipids | |
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| Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectrometry of Phospholipids | |
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| Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phospholipids | |
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| Mass Spectrometry of Glycolipids | |
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| Mass Spectrometry of Lipopolysaccharides | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Steroids | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Prostaglandins | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Leukotrienes | |
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| Screening Combinatorial Libraries | |
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| Combinatorial Synthetic Procedures | |
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| General Considerations in Analysis of Combinatorial Libraries | |
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| Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Support-Bound Libraries | |
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| High-throughput Screening Protocols | |
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| Screening of Combinatorial Libraries | |
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| Characterization of Oligonucleotides | |
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| Traditional Methods of Oligonucleotide Sequencing | |
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| Older Mass Spectrometry Techniques | |
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| Degradation of Nucleic Acids and Oligonucleotides | |
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| Molecular Mass Determination of Oligonucleotides | |
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| Electrospray Ionization for Molecular Mass Determination | |
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| MALDI for Molecular Mass Determination | |
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| Comparison of ESIMS and MALDIMS for Analysis of Oligonucleotides | |
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| Base Composition from Mass Measurement | |
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| Sequencing of Nucleic Acids by Mass Spectrometry Techniques | |
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| Gas-Phase Sequencing Techniques | |
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| Sequencing Methods Based on Solution-Phase Reactions | |
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| Applications to Real-World Problems | |
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| Immunologic Studies | |
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| Direct Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Biological Tissues | |
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| Direct Analysis of Peptides in Single Neurons | |
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| Direct Analysis of Peptides and Proteins from Biological Tissues | |
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| Direct Analysis of Single Mast Cells | |
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| Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Detection of Mutation of the Cystic Fibrosis Gene | |
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| Detection of Transthyretin Mutants | |
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| Characterization of Hemoglobin Variants | |
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| Detection of Enzyme-Deficiency Diseases | |
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| Mass Spectrometry in Detection of Cachexia | |
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| Rapid Screening of Protein Profiles of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines | |
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| Analysis of Proteins in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid | |
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| Gender Identification of Human DNA Samples | |
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| Proteomic Analysis | |
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| Analysis of Microorganisms | |
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| Bacterial Analysis | |
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| Analysis of Viruses | |
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| Detection of Phosphorylated Peptides in Bovine Adrenal Medulla | |
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| Quantitative Analysis of Neuropeptides in Pituitary Tumors | |
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| Human Genome Project | |
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| Index | |