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| Introduction | |
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| Scope | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| Qanats | |
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| Groundwater Theories | |
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| Recent Centuries | |
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| Trends in Water Withdrawals and Use | |
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| Utilization of Groundwater | |
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| Groundwater in the Hydrologic Cycle | |
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| Hydrologic Cycle | |
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| The Groundwater System in the Hydrologic Cycle | |
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| Hydrologic Budget | |
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| Publication Sources | |
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| Internet Resources | |
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| U.S. Geological Survey Publications | |
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| Publications | |
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| Data Sources | |
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| NWISWeb Data for the Nation | |
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| Real-Time Data | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Example Publications of Organizations and Government Agencies | |
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| Occurrence of Groundwater | |
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| Origin and Age of Groundwater | |
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| Rock Properties Affecting Groundwater | |
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| Aquifers | |
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| Porosity | |
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| Soil Classification | |
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| Porosity and Representative Elementary Volume | |
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| Specific Surface | |
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| Vertical Distribution of Groundwater | |
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| Zone of Aeration | |
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| Soil?Water Zone | |
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| Intermediate Vadose Zone | |
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| Capillary Zone | |
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| Measurement of Water Content | |
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| Available Water | |
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| Zone of Saturation | |
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| Specific Retention | |
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| Specific Yield | |
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| Geologic Formations as Aquifers | |
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| Alluvial Deposits | |
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| Limestone | |
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| Volcanic Rock | |
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| Sandstone | |
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| Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks | |
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| Clay | |
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| Types of Aquifers | |
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| Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Confined Aquifers | |
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| Leaky Aquifer | |
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| Idealized Aquifer | |
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| Storage Coefficient | |
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| Groundwater Basins/Regional Groundwater Flow Systems | |
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| High Plains Aquifer | |
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| Gulf Coastal Plain Aquifer System | |
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| Springs | |
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| What Are Springs? | |
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| Edwards Aquifer?Discharge of Springs | |
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| Hydrothermal Phenomena | |
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| Thermal Springs | |
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| Geothermal Energy Resources | |
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| Groundwater in Permafrost Regions | |
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| Groundwater in the United States | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Groundwater Movement | |
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| Darcy?s Law | |
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| Experimental Verification | |
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| Darcy Velocity | |
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| Validity of Darcy?s Law | |
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| Permeability | |
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| Intrinsic Permeability | |
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| Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Transmissivity | |
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| Hydraulic Conductivity of Geologic Materials | |
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| Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Formulas | |
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| Laboratory Methods | |
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| Tracer Tests | |
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| Auger Hole Tests | |
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| Pumping Tests of Wells | |
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| Anisotropic Aquifers | |
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| Groundwater Flow Rates | |
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| Groundwater Flow Directions | |
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| Flow Nets | |
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| Flow in Relation to Groundwater Contours | |
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| Flow Across a Water Table | |
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| Flow Across a Hydraulic Conductivity Boundary | |
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| Regional Flow Patterns | |
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| Dispersion | |
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| Concept | |
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| Dispersion and Groundwater Hydrology | |
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| Groundwater Tracers | |
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| General Flow Equations | |
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| Unsaturated Flow | |
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| Flow Through Unsaturated Soils | |
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| Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Vertical and Horizontal Flows | |
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| Kinematic Wave | |
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| Infiltration: The Green? | |
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| Ampt Method | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Groundwater and Well Hydraulics | |
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| Steady Unidirectional Flow | |
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| Confined Aquifer | |
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| Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Base Flow to a Stream | |
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| Steady Radial Flow to a Well | |
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| Confined Aquifer | |
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| Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Unconfined Aquifer with Uniform Recharge | |
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| Well in a Uniform Flow | |
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| Unsteady Radial Flow in a Confined Aquifer | |
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| Nonequilibrium Well Pumping Equation | |
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| Theis Method of Solution | |
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| Cooper?Jacob Method of Solution | |
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| Chow Method of Solution | |
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| Recovery Test | |
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| Unsteady Radial Flow in an Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Unsteady Radial | |