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| Introduction to the Third Edition | |
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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| What Are Chemicals? | |
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| Atoms and Molecules | |
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| Natural Chemicals | |
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| Synthetic Chemicals | |
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| Chemical Categories | |
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| Chemicals: �Good� and �Bad� | |
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| Why the �Good-Bad� Dichotomy? | |
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| Man-made Chemicals Are Made by Humans | |
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| Man-made Chemicals May Not Be Biodegradable | |
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| Man-made Chemicals May Be Very Complex | |
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| What Harm Do Chemicals Cause? | |
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| Harmful Properties of Chemicals | |
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| Explosiveness and Reactivity | |
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| Flammability and Combustibility | |
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| Radioactivity | |
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| Corrosiveness | |
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| Irritation | |
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| Sensitization and Photosensitization | |
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| Toxicity | |
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| Multiple Harmful Properties | |
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| Definition of Poison | |
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| Definition of Hazard | |
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| What is Toxicology? | |
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| Empirical Toxicology | |
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| Paracelsus and Ramazzini | |
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| A Brief History of Toxicology | |
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| Toxicology Today | |
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| What Do Toxicologists Do? | |
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| What Factors Influence the Toxic Effects of Chemicals? | |
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| Acute versus Chronic Toxicity | |
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| Significance of Divided Doses | |
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| Routes of Exposure | |
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| Dermal Exposure | |
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| Inhalation Exposure | |
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| Oral Exposure | |
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| Other Routes of Exposure | |
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| Combinations | |
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| Influence of Route on Toxicity | |
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| Metabolism | |
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| Routes of Elimination (Excretion) | |
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| Other Factors that Influence Toxicity | |
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| Species | |
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| Sex | |
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| Age | |
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| Nutrition | |
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| State of Health | |
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| Biochemical Individuality (Genetic Diversity) | |
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| Presence of Other Chemicals | |
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| Adaptation | |
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| Light | |
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| How is Toxicology Studied? | |
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| Experimental Methods | |
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| Acute Toxicity | |
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| Irritant and Corrosive Effects | |
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| Sensitization and Photosensitization | |
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| Chronic Toxicity | |
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| Mutagenesis | |
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| Carcinogenesis | |
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| Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity | |
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| Units of Trace Quantities | |
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| Analytical Methods | |
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| Animal Rights | |
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| General Toxicology | |
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| Acute Toxicity | |
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| LD<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>50</sub> Values | |
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| Significance of LDs for Humans | |
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| Poison Prevention | |
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| Antidotes | |
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| Chronic Toxicity | |
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| No-Effect Levels and Thresholds | |
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| Margins of Safety | |
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| Sufficient Challenge | |
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| Bioaccumulation | |
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| Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis | |
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| Mutagenesis | |
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| Genetic Code | |
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| Mutations | |
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| Significance of Mutations | |
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| Mutation and Cancer | |
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| Carcinogenesis | |
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| What Is Cancer? | |
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| Causes of Cancer | |
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| Role of Mutation | |
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| Incidence of Cancer | |
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| Categories and Characteristics of Carcinogens | |
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| Induction Periods | |
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| Thresholds | |
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| Practical Thresholds | |
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| The Real World | |
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| Benzo[a]pyrene | |
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| Cancerophobia | |
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| Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity | |
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| Male and Female Reproductive Systems | |
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| Prepuberty Systems | |
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| Adult Systems | |
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| The Developing Individual | |
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| Case Studies in Toxicology | |
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| Environmental Contaminations | |
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| Dioxins: Seveso, Italy | |
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| PCBs and Dibenzofurans: Yusho Disease | |
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| Bophal, India | |
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| Minamata Disease | |
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| DDT | |
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| Consumer Products | |
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| Metals | |
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| Lead and Cadmium | |
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| Zinc | |
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| Plastics | |
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| Bisphenyl A | |
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| Indoor Air Pollution | |
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| Water Pollution | |
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| Pharmaceuticals | |
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| Fen-Phen | |
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| Vioxx | |
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| Thalidomide | |
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| Epidemiology | |
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| Origins of Modern Epidemiology | |
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| Epidemiology of Noninfectious Diseases | |
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| Koch's Postulates | |
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| Study Design: Precepts and Pitfalls | |
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| Unreasonable Expectations | |
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| Proximate Event Approach in Assigning Cause | |
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| Distrust of Science and Scientists | |
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| The Study of Risk | |
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| Public Health Statistics | |
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| Inherent Risk | |
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| Risk Assessment | |
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| Perceived Risk | |
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| Acceptable Risk | |
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| Risk Benefit and Cost Benefit | |
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| Risk Communication | |
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| Risk Management | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |