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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Science and Philosophy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Moritz Schlick, "The Future of Philosophy" | |
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| Alex Rosenberg, "Biology and Its Philosophy" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Explanation, Causation, and Laws | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Carl Hempel, "Two Models of Scientific Explanation" | |
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| Bas van Fraassen, "The Pragmatics of Explanation" | |
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| Philip Kitcher, "Explanatory Unification and the Causal Structure of the World" | |
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| Wesley C. Salmon, "Scientific Explanation: Causation and Unification" | |
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| J.L. Mackie, "The Logic of Conditionals" | |
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| John Earman, "Laws of Nature" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Scientific Theories and Conceptual Change | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ernest Nagel, "Experimental Laws and Theories" | |
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| Paul Feyerabend, "Explanation, Reduction, and Empiricism" | |
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| Philip Kitcher, "Theories, Theorists and Theoretical Change" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Scientific Realism | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ernest Nagel, "The Cognitive Status of Theories" | |
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| Larry Laudan, "A Confutation of Convergent Realism" | |
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| Gary Gutting, "Scientific Realism versus Constructive Empiricism: A Dialogue" | |
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| Ernan McMullin, "A Case for Scientific Realism" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Testing and Confirmation of Theories | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Bertrand Russell, "On Induction" | |
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| Karl Popper, "Science: Conjectures and Refutations" | |
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| Karl Popper, "Darwinism as a Metaphysical Research Programme" | |
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| Charles Darwin, "Difficulties of the Theory" | |
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| Peter Achinstein, "The Grue Paradox" | |
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| N. Russell Hanson, "Seeing and Seeing As" | |
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| W.V. Quine, "Two Dogmas of Empiricism" | |
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| Larry Laudan and Jarrett Leplin, "Empirical Equivalence and Underdetermination" | |
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| Wesley Salmon, "Bayes's Theorem and The History of Science" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Science in Context: The Challenge of History and Sociology | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Dudley Shapere, "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" | |
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| Thomas Kuhn, "Objectivity, Value Judgment, and Theory Choice" | |
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| David Bloor, "The Strong Programme in the Sociology of Knowledge" | |
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| Elizabeth Anderson, "Feminist Epistemology: An Interpretation and a Defense" | |
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| Ernan McMullin, "The Social Dimensions of Science" | |
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| Questions | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |