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| List of Illustrations | |
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| Preface to the Revised (1992) Edition | |
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| Preface to the Original (1970) Edition | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Historical Introduction | |
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| The Experience of Migraine | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Common Migraine | |
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| Introductory Comments | |
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| Headache | |
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| Nausea and Associated Symptoms | |
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| Facial Appearance | |
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| Ocular Symptoms | |
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| Nasal Symptoms | |
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| Abdominal Symptoms and Abnormal Bowel-Action | |
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| Lethargy and Drowsiness | |
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| Dizziness, Vertigo, Faintness and Syncope | |
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| Alterations of Fluid Balance | |
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| Fever | |
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| Minor Symptoms and Signs: Pupillary Abnormalities, Horner's Syndrome, Bradycardia, Multiple Ecchymoses, Whitening of Hair, etc. | |
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| Organic Irritability and Photophobia | |
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| Mood-Changes | |
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| Symptom-Constellations in Common Migraine | |
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| The Sequence of a Common Migraine: Prodromal Symptoms, Modes of Resolution, Post-Migrainous Rebound | |
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| Concluding Comments | |
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| Postscript (1992) | |
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| Migraine Equivalents | |
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| Introductory Comments | |
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| Cyclic Vomiting and Bilious Attacks | |
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| Abdominal Migraine | |
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| Periodic Diarrhoea | |
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| Periodic Fever | |
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| Precordial Migraine | |
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| Periodic Sleep and Trance-States | |
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| Periodic Mood-Changes | |
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| Menstrual Syndromes | |
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| Alternations and Transformations of Migraine | |
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| Borderlands of Migraine: Vagal Attacks, Faints, Reactions to Heat, Exhaustion, Passive Motion, Alcohol, etc. | |
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| Alternations and Concomitances with other Disorders: Asthma, Angina, Laryngospasm, Sleep-Disorders, Peptic Ulcer, Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's Disease, Psoriasis, etc. | |
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| Differential Diagnosis of Migraine Equivalents | |
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| Concluding Comments | |
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| Migraine Aura and Classical Migraine | |
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| Introductory Comments: Historical Descriptions of Migraine Aura | |
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| Specific Visual Hallucinations: Phosphenes and Elementary Hallucinations, Varieties of Migraine Spectra, Characteristics of Scintillating and Negative Scotomata | |
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| Specific Tactile Hallucinations: Paraesthesiae, Anaesthesia | |
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| Other Sensory Hallucinations: Auditory, Olfactory, Taste, Epigastric, Motor, Vertiginous, etc. | |
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| Pseudo-objectivity of Migraine Hallucinations | |
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| General Alterations of Sensory Threshold | |
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| Alterations of Consciousness and Postural Tone | |
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| Specific Motor Disorders: Weakness, Paralyses, Spasms, Seizures | |
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| Alterations of Affect and Mood | |
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| Disorders of Higher Integrative Functions: Complex Visual Distortions (Micropsia and Macropsia, Mosaic and Cinematographic Vision, Metamorphopsias, Visual Agnosias, etc.) | |
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| Complex Apraxias, Agnosias, and Distortions of Body-Image | |
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| Aphasias | |
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| Time-Distortions, Deja Vu, and Forced Reminiscence | |
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| Dreamy States | |
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| Migrainous Deliria and Psychoses | |
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| Illustrative Case-Histories | |
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| Comments on the General Structure of Migraine Aura: Its Differential Diagnosis and Distinction from Epilepsies | |
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| Classical Migraine | |
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| Postscript (1992): The Angst of Scotoma | |
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| Migrainous Neuralgia ("Cluster Headache")--Hemiplegic Migraine--Ophthalmoplegic Migraine--Pseudo-Migraine | |
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| Migrainous Neuralgia: Synonyms, Typical Features, Illustrative Case-Histories | |
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| Hemiplegic and Facioplegic Migraine: Typical Features, Possible Mechanisms of Attack, Case-Histories | |
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| Ophthalmoplegic Migraine | |
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| Pseudo-Migraine: Organic Lesions Simulating Migraine | |
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| Permanent Neurological or Vascular Damage from Migraine | |
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| The Structure of Migraine | |
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| Introductory Comments, Components and Functional Levels of Migraine, Psychophysiological Stages of Migraine, General Characteristics of Migraine: Relation to Sleep, Epilepsy, etc. | |
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| The Occurrence of Migraine | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Predisposition to Migraine | |
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| Introductory Comments | |
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| Overall Incidence of Migraine | |
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| Familial Occurrence and Inheritance of Migraine | |
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| Signs of Migrainous Constitution | |
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| Migraine Diathesis in Relation to Other Disorders | |
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| Migraine in Relation to Age | |
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| General Discussion and Conclusions | |
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| Periodic and Paroxysmal Migraines | |
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| Migraine and Other Biological Cycles | |
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| Time Between Attacks: Relation Between Frequency and Severity of Attacks | |
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| Immunity Between Attacks | |
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| Signs of Approaching Attacks | |
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| Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants of Periodicity | |
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| Conclusions: The Notion of Idiopathy | |
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| Postscript (1992) | |
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| Circumstantial Migraine | |
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| Classification of Provocative Circumstances | |
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| Arousal Migraines: In Response to Light, Noise, Odours, Weather, Exercise, Excitement, Violent Emotions, Pain, Drugs, etc. | |
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| Slump Migraines: In Relation to Eating, Fasting, Heat, Fever, Passive Motion, Exhaustion, Drugs (Alcohol, Reserpine, etc.) | |
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| Nocturnal Migraines, and Relation of Attacks to Dreams and Nightmares | |
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| Migraine Aura in Response to Flickering Light, Patterned Stimuli, and Visualisation of Scotomata | |
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| Miscellaneous Determinants: Food, Constipation, Menstrual Cycles, Hormones, Allergies, etc. | |
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| Self-Perpetuation of Migraines | |
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| Provocation of Attacks in Relation to "Tuning" and Homeostatic Limits Within Nervous System | |
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| Situational Migraine | |
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| Migraine in Relation to Intolerable Emotional Stress | |
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| Preliminary Comments on "Migraine Personality" and Relation of Attacks to Repressed Hostility | |
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| Case-Histories Illustrating Wide Range of Situations and Character-Types in which Repeated Migraines May Occur | |
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| The Basis of Migraine | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Clarification of the Term "Cause" in Relation to Migraine | |
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| Necessity to View Migraine in Three Ways: as a Process in the Nervous System, as a Reaction to Certain Stimuli, and as a Particular Form of Experience | |
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| Physiological Mechanisms of Migraine | |
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| Historical Introduction: Classical Theories (Humoral and Sympathetic), Vascular and Vasomotor Theories of the Nineteenth Century | |
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| Critiques of These | |
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| Liveing's Theory of "Nerve Storms" | |
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| Current theories of Migraine Mechanisms and their Supporting Data | |
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| Vasomotor Theories (Latham-Wolff) Considered and Disputed | |
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| Chemical Theories of Migraine, with Particular Reference to Acetylcholine, Histamine, and Serotonin: Critique of These | |
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| Electroencephalographic Findings in Migraine: Notion of "Dysrhythmic Migraine," and of "Spreading Depression" in Relation to Migraine | |
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| Limitations of Current Theory and Data | |
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| The Physiological Organisation of Migraines | |
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| Introductory Comments | |
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| Migraines as Polymorphous Parasympathetic or Trophotropic Events | |
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| Migraine as a Slow Form of Centrencephalic Seizure | |
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| Consideration of Visual Hallucinations in Migraine and Their Cortical Basis | |
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| Hierarchical Organisation of Migraines, and Their Relationship to other Paroxysmal Events | |
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| Migraine Considered as a "Neural Task," with Fixed Ends and Variable Means | |
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| Biological Approaches to Migraine | |
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| Migraine Considered as a Special Form of Protective Behaviour | |
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| Its Affinities to other Passive Reactions to Threat (Passive Fear, "Freezing," Sham Death, Pathological Sleep, Fainting, etc.) | |
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| Contrast of These Reactions to Fight-Flight Responses | |
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| Concept of the Migraine Archetype, and its Differentiation in Response to Human Needs and Human Nervous Systems | |
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| Psychological Approaches to Migraine | |
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| Necessity of Considering Migraines as Experiences to which Emotional Values are Attached. Common Uses of Migraines: Recuperative, Regressive, Encapsulative, Dissociative, Aggressive, and Self-Punitive Attacks | |
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| Mechanisms of Psychosomatic Illness in Reference to Migraine | |
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| Migraine Considered as a "Vegetative Neurosis" and as a Special Form of Conversion Reaction | |
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| Attachment of Symbolic Value to Particular Symptoms of Migraine | |
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| Migraine Considered as an Archaic Form of Bodily Language | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Therapeutic Approaches to Migraine | |
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| Introduction | |
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| General Measures in the Management of Migraine | |
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| Introductory Comments: Approach to the Patient and Role of the Physician | |
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| General Health Measures and Avoidance of Provocative Circumstances | |
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| Forms and Uses of Psychotherapy | |
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| Definition of Therapeutic Goals | |
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| Reasons for Success and Failure in the Treatment of Migraine | |
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| Specific Measures During and Between Attacks | |
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| Introductory and Historical Comments | |
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| Drugs of Specific Use During Acute Attacks: Ergotamine, its Uses and Contraindications, Caffeine, Parasympathetic Blockers (Belladonna, etc.), Sympathomimetic Drugs (Amphetamines, etc.) | |
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| Symptomatic Drugs: Analgesics, Anti-Emetics, etc. | |
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| Miscellaneous Drugs: Legitimate and Otherwise General Measures in the Acute Attack | |
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| Management of "Status Migrainosus" | |
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| Drugs Employed in the Prevention of Migraine Attacks: Methysergide (Sansert, Deseril), its Uses and Dangers | |
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| Use of Ergotamine Prophylactically | |
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| The Role of Sedatives, Tranquillisers, Anti-Depressants, etc. | |
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| Other Forms of Medication | |
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| The Uses of Placebos | |
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| Histamine "Desensitisation" | |
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| Allergic "Desensitisation" | |
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| Hormone Preparations, Their Abuses and Dangers | |
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| The Place of Surgical Procedures | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Recent Advances in the Treatment of Migraine | |
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| Migraine as a Universal | |
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| Migraine Aura and Hallucinatory Constants (with Ralph M. Siegel, PH.D.) | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Types or Levels of Hallucination | |
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| Hallucinatory Constants | |
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| Mechanisms of Hallucination | |
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| Self-Organising Systems | |
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| A New Model of Migraine Aura | |
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| The Visions of Hildegard | |
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| Cardan's Visions (1570) | |
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| Remedies Advised by Willis (1672), Heberden (1801) and Gowers (1892) | |
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| Glossary of Case-Histories | |
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| Glossary of Terms | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |