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| Foreword | |
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| Prefaces to the Ninth Edition | |
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| Introduction: Writing, and Writing Well | |
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| Writing to Make Contact | |
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| The Idea of an Audience | |
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| Honest and Dishonest Expression | |
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| Plagiarism | |
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| Examining the Words | |
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| Revising the Map | |
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| Themes and Revisions | |
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| Examples from Print | |
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| Disorganized Writing, Pompous Writing | |
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| Learning to Write Well | |
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| Daily Writing | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Reading, and Reading Well | |
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| The Reading Process | |
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| Reading Is Writing and Writing Is Reading | |
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| Reading as Detection/Reading as Construction | |
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| Philosophies and Politics | |
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| Reading Tone | |
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| Chaos or Consensus? | |
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| Reading in the Information Age | |
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| Reading as Rereading | |
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| Put the Blame on Blame | |
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| Active and Passive Readers | |
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| Close Reading | |
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| Practice in Response | |
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| Sight Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Writing an Essay | |
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| Getting Ideas for Papers | |
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| Brainstorming | |
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| Sprinting | |
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| Cross-examining | |
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| Questions of Form | |
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| Selecting Detail | |
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| Writing the Draft | |
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| Beginnings | |
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| Endings | |
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| Revising and Invention | |
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| A Note on Impromptus | |
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| Biography of a Theme | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Words | |
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| The Smallest Unit | |
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| The Insides of Words | |
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| Words Themselves | |
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| No Synonyms | |
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| Literalness and Metaphor | |
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| Sense Words | |
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| Misusing the Insides of Words | |
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| Collecting Words | |
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| Words as Blanks | |
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| Words and Associations | |
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| Words and Audience | |
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| Revising Words | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Verbs | |
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| Action and the Choice of Style | |
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| Verbs with Nouns and Adjectives | |
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| Verbs with Participles | |
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| Verbs in the Passive Voice | |
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| Particular Verbs | |
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| Invisible Verbs | |
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| False Color in Verbs | |
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| Fancy Verbs | |
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| Made-up Verbs | |
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| Revising Verbs | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Nouns | |
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| Particularity and Choosing a Style | |
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| Abstract and Particular Nouns | |
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| Abstract Nouns: Beginnings and Endings | |
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| Invisible Nouns | |
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| Making Bad Nouns from Verbs | |
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| Fancy Nouns | |
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| Revising Nouns | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Modifiers | |
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| Qualities and Choosing a Style | |
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| Using Modifiers Well | |
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| The Modifier and the Cliche | |
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| The Modifier That Weakens the Noun | |
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| Modifiers as Weak Intensives | |
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| Automatic Modifiers | |
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| Nouns as Modifiers | |
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| Revising Modifiers | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Original Words: Comparisons | |
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| The Need for Originality | |
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| Overhearing Your Own Originality | |
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| Looking For Originality | |
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| Simile and Metaphor | |
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| Originality and Memory | |
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| Analogy | |
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| The Unintended Comparison | |
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| Looking for Analogies | |
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| Revising for Comparison | |
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| Revising Words | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Sentences | |
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| Style and the Sentence | |
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| Parts of Sentences | |
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| Types of Sentences | |
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| Simple Sentences | |
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| Compound Sentences | |
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| Complex Sentences | |
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| Compound-Complex Sentences | |
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| Incomplete Sentences | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Clarity, Coherence, Unity | |
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| Unity: Coordination and Subordination | |
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| Subordination: The Correct Conjunction | |
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| Coordination: Punctuating Compounds | |
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| Revising Sentences I | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Grammatical Coherence | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Structural Unity | |
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| Revising Sentences II | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Unity of Tone | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Variety and Unity | |
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| Long Sentences | |
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| Mixing the Types | |
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| Revising for Variety and Conciseness | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Paragraphs | |
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| Uses of Paragraphs | |
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| Paragraphs as Signs for Readers | |
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| Purpose and the Paragraph | |
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| Unity in the Paragraph | |
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| Unity and Topic Sentences | |
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| Coherence in the Paragraph | |
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| Coherence and Consistency | |
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| Coherence and the Paragraph: Transitions | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Development in the Paragraph | |
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| Some Ways of Developing Paragraphs | |
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| Development: Length and Completeness | |
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| Development: Order and Clarity | |
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| Development: Order and Forcefulness | |
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| The Order of Paragraphs | |
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| Revising Paragraphs | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Argument and Persuasion | |
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| Exposition | |
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| Advancing Our Position | |
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| Uses for Argument | |
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| Audience in Argument and Persuasion | |
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| Reasonableness in Argument | |
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| Time for the Opposition | |
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| The Order of Argument | |
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| Logic and Emotionalism | |
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| Style in Argument | |
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| Common Fallacies in Thinking | |
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| Looking for an Argument: Process | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Writing Research | |
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| Using the Library | |
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| The Library Catalogue | |
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| Locating Information | |
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| Specialized References and Databases | |
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| On-Line Research | |
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| The Internet | |
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| Other Electronic Sources | |
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| Documentation | |
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| The List of Works Cited | |
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| In-Text References | |
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| A Sample Research Project | |
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| A Brief Review of Grammar, Punctuation, and Mechanics | |
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| Make Whole, Clear Sentences | |
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| Sentence Fragments | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Comma Splices | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Match the Parts of Sentences That Need Matching | |
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| Matching Subjects with Verbs | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Matching Pronouns with the Words They Refer To | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Connect Modifiers with What They Modify | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Keep the Sentence Consistent | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Keep Punctuation Clear | |
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| End Punctuation | |
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| Commas | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Semicolons | |
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| Apostrophes | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Quotation Marks and Punctuating Quotations | |
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| Other Marks of Punctuation | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Keep Mechanics Conventional | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Capital Letters | |
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| Manuscript Form | |
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| Numerals | |
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| Spelling | |
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| Exercises | |
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| A Glossary of Usage and Grammatical Terms | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Author and Title Index | |
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| Subject Index | |