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Introduction | |
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The Context | |
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The Constitutional Framework | |
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Congressional Districts | |
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Partisan Gerrymandering | |
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Racial Gerrymandering | |
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States as Electoral Units | |
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Election Laws | |
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Political Parties | |
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Social and Political Contexts | |
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Congressional Candidates | |
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The Incumbency Factor | |
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Measuring the Value of Incumbency | |
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The Vanishing Marginals | |
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Sources of the Incumbency Advantage | |
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The Institutional Characteristics of Congress | |
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Changes in Voting Behavior | |
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Constituency Service | |
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The Variability of the Incumbency Advantage | |
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Discouraging the Opposition | |
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Money in Congressional Elections | |
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The Connection Between Money and Success | |
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Why Campaign Money Is More Important to Challengers | |
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The Career in the District | |
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Motivating Challengers | |
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Congressional Campaigns | |
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Campaign Money | |
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Political Action Committees | |
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Party Money | |
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Self-Financing by Candidates | |
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Fundraising Tactics | |
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Campaign Organizations | |
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Campaign Strategies | |
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Campaign Media | |
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Personal Campaigning | |
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Campaign Messages | |
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Challengers' Campaigns | |
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Going Negative | |
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Incumbents' Campaigns | |
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Candidates for Open Seats | |
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Senate Campaigns | |
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舠Voter Education舡 and 舠Issue Advocacy舡 Campaigns | |
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Concluding Observations | |
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Congressional Voters | |
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Turnout in Congressional Elections | |
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Partisanship in Congressional Elections | |
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Alternative Interpretations of Party Identification | |
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Partisanship and Voting | |
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Information and Voting | |
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Recall and Recognition of Candidates | |
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Contacting Voters | |
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The Effects of Campaign Spending | |
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Models of Voting Behavior | |
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Evaluating Incumbents | |
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Winning Challengers | |
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Issues in Congressional Elections | |
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National Politics and Congressional Elections | |
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Political Interpretations of Congressional Elections | |
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Models of Aggregate Congressional Election Results | |
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Presidential CoattailsNational Conditions and Strategic Politics | |
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Campaign Themes | |
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House Elections, 1980-1998 | |
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The Clinton Problem | |
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Nationalizing the Vote | |
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The Campaigns | |
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The Scandal and the Campaigns | |
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House Election Patterns, 1980-1998Senate Elections, 1980-1998 | |
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Elections and the Politics of Congress | |
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The Congressional Parties | |
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The Committee Systems | |
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Making PolicyParticularism | |
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Serving the Organized | |
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Immobility | |
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Symbolism | |
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Doing the Right Thing | |
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Building Coalitions | |
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The Budgetary Process | |
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Representation, Responsibility, Impeachment Politics, and the Future of Congressional Elections | |
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Representation | |
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Policy Congruence | |
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Beyond Policy Congruence | |
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Descriptive Representation | |
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Responsiveness without Responsibility | |
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The Revival of Party Cohesion | |
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Ideological Polarization in Congress and the ElectorateParty Polarization: The Electoral Connection | |
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Diverging Electoral Constituencies | |
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Chicken or Egg? Party Polarization and the Politics of Impeachment | |
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Divided Government in the 1990s | |
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Reforming Congress | |
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Term Limits | |
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The Public's Evaluation of Congress | |
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Toward the Millennium | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |