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| Preface | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| Acronyms | |
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| Introduction--Why the Policymaking Process Matters | |
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| Overview of This Book | |
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| Situating the Tools, Techniques, and Processes in the Existing Literature | |
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| The Importance of Procedural Legitimacy in Building Policy Support | |
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| Presidential Management and Procedural Legitimacy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| The Policy Makers | |
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| The Policy Councils | |
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| The Policy Councils and the Structure of the Executive Branch | |
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| How the Policy Councils Operate and Why They Are Important | |
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| Inside the White House Policy Councils | |
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| The National Security Council | |
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| The National Economic Council | |
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| The Domestic Policy Council | |
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| The George W. Bush Administration and the NEC and DPC | |
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| Key Agencies within the Executive Office of the President | |
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| The Council on Environmental Quality | |
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| The Council of Economic Advisers | |
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| The Office of National Drug Control Policy | |
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| The Office of Science and Technology Policy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| The White House Staff | |
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| Working on the White House Staff | |
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| Other Key Players in the White House Office | |
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| Chief of Staff | |
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| The Office of Legislative Affairs | |
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| The Office of Intergovernmental Affairs | |
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| The Office of Political Affairs | |
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| The Office of Cabinet Affairs | |
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| Interaction with the Public | |
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| The Office of Public Liaison | |
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| The Office of Communications, the Speechwriting Office, and the Press Office | |
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| The White House "Gatekeepers" | |
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| The Office of Scheduling and Oval Office Operations | |
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| The Staff Secretary | |
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| The White House Counsel | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Agencies and Policy Implementation | |
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| Executive Agencies and Departments and Executive Branch Policy Making | |
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| The Role of Agencies | |
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| Implementing Policy Decisions | |
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| Executive Orders and Other Executive Actions | |
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| Submitting Legislation | |
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| Regulations and the Rule-making Process | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Tools of the Trade | |
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| Policy-making Memoranda | |
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| The Tools of Policy Making | |
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| The Role of Memoranda | |
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| The Decision-making Memorandum | |
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| The Action-forcing Event | |
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| Background Information and Analysis | |
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| Policy Options | |
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| Recommendation | |
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| Decision | |
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| The Information Memoranda | |
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| Summary Section | |
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| Discussion Section | |
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| The Weekly Report | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Polling and the Policy-making Process | |
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| Polling and Policy Making: Myths and Realities | |
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| Polling Basics | |
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| The Questions | |
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| The Respondents | |
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| The Results | |
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| Who Polls for the White House | |
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| The Role of the Office of Political Affairs | |
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| When to Poll Policy Ideas | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Legislative Clearance and Coordination: SAPs, LRMs, and Other Policy Acronyms | |
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| Legislative Clearance and Coordination | |
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| Legislative Responsibility in the Executive Branch | |
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| The Clearance Process | |
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| Legislative Proposals | |
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| Clearance of Agency Testimony and Reports on Pending Legislation | |
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| Statement of Administration Policy | |
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| Enrolled Bills | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Communicating and Marketing Policy | |
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| The Importance of Communicating and Marketing Policy | |
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| Speechwriting | |
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| Communications | |
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| Press Office | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| Welfare Reform during the Clinton Administration | |
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| Welfare Reform and the Political Process | |
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| The Early Phase: Decentralization, Debate, and Deadlock | |
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| Strain Towards Agreement | |
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| Action, Response, and Resolution | |
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| The Centralization of Authority | |
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| Redirecting the Tools and Mobilizing Support | |
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| Conclusion: Making the Process Work | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| The Clinton Economic Plan | |
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| The Economic Plan and the Political Process | |
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| The Economic Plan and the NEC | |
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| Establishing the Management Role of the NEC | |
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| The NEC Process | |
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| Communicating and Marketing the Economic Plan | |
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| Securing Passage of the Bill | |
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| Conclusions and Lessons Learned | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Desert Shield and Desert Storm | |
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| Security Crises and the Political Process | |
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| Responding to the Crisis | |
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| The Initial Response | |
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| The Delicate but Vital Matter of Inclusion | |
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| Containment and the Decision to Double U.S. Ground Forces | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Scenarios | |
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| Practice Scenarios | |
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| Practice Scenarios | |
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| Taiwan Straits Crisis | |
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| U.S. Economic Recession | |
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| Campaign Finance Reform | |
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| United States-European Environmental Negotiations | |
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| Index | |