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Budgeting as Conflicting Promises | |
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Budgets Are Conflicting Commitments | |
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Tax Preferences | |
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Appropriations: The Power of Congress and Power Within Congress | |
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The President is Both Rival and Partner of Congress | |
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Conflicting Promises: The Multiple Meanings of Budgetary Control | |
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Budgets as Struggles for Power: The Evolution of Classical Budgeting | |
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Colonial Origins | |
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Turning Points: Civil War through World War I | |
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The Executive Budget Movement | |
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Dislocation and Continuity: Depression, War, and the Postwar Interlude | |
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The Dance of the Dollars | |
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Calculations | |
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Complexity | |
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Aids to Calculation | |
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Incremental Budgeting | |
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Roles and Perspectives | |
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The Agency | |
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The Bureau of the Budget | |
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The Appropriations Committees | |
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Strategies | |
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Be a Good Politician | |
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Clientele | |
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Confidence | |
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Congressional Committee Hearings | |
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Strategies Designed to Capitalize on the Fragmentation of Power in National Politics | |
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The Collapse of Consensus | |
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The Growth of Entitlements | |
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Economic Activism | |
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Priorities | |
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Impoundment | |
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The Budget Act: More Checks, More Balances, but Not More Control | |
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Impoundment Again | |
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Congressional Budget Office | |
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Senate Budget Committee and House Budget Committee | |
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Scheduling | |
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Resolutions | |
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Reconciliation | |
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Complexity | |
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A Congressional Budget, or Merely More Budgeting? | |
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The Budget Process, 1975-1979: The Struggle to Relate Totals to Detail | |
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Economic Management | |
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Did the Budgetary Process Have a Pro-Spending Bias? | |
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On Again, Off Again, Federal Credit | |
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Polarization: Classical Budgeting Withers Without Quite Disappearing | |
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The Politics of Dissensus | |
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Why Budget Decisions Became So Difficult | |
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The End of Economic Management | |
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Dominance of the Deficit | |
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Polarization of the Parties | |
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Evolution of the Congressional Budget Act | |
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R and R: Resolution and Reconciliation | |
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Deferral and Rescission Redux | |
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The Shifting Budgetary Base | |
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Continuing Omnibus Resolutions | |
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OMB in an Era of Perennial Budgeting | |
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Dissensus in Congress | |
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Role Reversal | |
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Rolled on the Floor | |
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Budgeting Penetrates Congress | |
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Gimmicks | |
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The Politics of Balancing Budgets | |
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Gramm-Rudman-Hollings | |
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Why GRH Passed | |
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How GRH Was Supposed to Work | |
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Why Didn't GRH Work? | |
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The Origins of the 1990 Budget Enforcement Act | |
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The Budget Enforcement Act of | |
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The Parts Versus the Whole | |
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The Clinton Budget of 1993 | |
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The Politics of Radical Reversal | |
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The Politics of Radical Reversal | |
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Prologue: Constitutional Amendment and Rescission | |
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Budgets and Counterbudgets: The President's Budget and the Congressional Resolution | |
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Balancing Revenues and Expenditures | |
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Mandatory and Discretionary Spending | |
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Defense and Domestic Spending | |
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Domestic Discretionary Spending | |
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Substance Versus Rhetoric | |
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Incrementalism in Mirror Image: Appropriations | |
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Complex Coalitions | |
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The Survival of Pork | |
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Balancing Acts | |
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Economy and Ideology | |
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Targeting Programs | |
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Swallowing Whole Departments | |
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Critical Issues | |