Juvenile Justice

Name: Juvenile Justice
Price: 5.7 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780314044549

ISBN-10: 031404454X

ISBN-13: 9780314044549

Edition: 2nd 1995

Authors: Robert W. Drowns, Karen M. Hess

List price: $47.00

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Description:

This text discusses how the juvenile justice system fits in with the larger criminal justice system. It covers the components of the entire juvenile justice system, including law enforcement, youth, the courts, and corrections. Authors discuss the complex issues facing the juvenile justice system.

Book details

List price: $47.00
Edition: 2nd
Copyright year: 1995
Publisher: West Publishing Company, College & School Division
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 664
Language: English

Kï¿½ren Matison Hess, PhD., (d. 2010) wrote extensively in law enforcement and criminal justice, gaining a respected reputation for the consistent pedagogical style around which she structured each textbook. She developed the original edition of MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION IN LAW ENFORCEMENT with Wayne Bennett and carried it through four very successful revisions; much of her work and influence remains unchanged in this new edition.

Foreword	p. xv
Preface	p. xvii
Acknowledgments	p. xix
The Evolution of the Juvenile Justice System
The Historical and Philosophical Roots of the Juvenile Justice System	p. 1
Social Control in Early Societies	p. 2
Developments in England	p. 4
The Middle Ages (A.D. 500-1500)	p. 4
The Feudal Period	p. 5
The Renaissance	p. 5
The Reform Movement	p. 6
The Early Development of U.S. Juvenile Justice	p. 7
From the Colonial Period to the Industrial Revolution	p. 7
Highlights of Colonial Period and Industrial Revolution Reform	p. 8
Developments in the Early Nineteenth Century	p. 8
The Child Savers	p. 11
Highlights of Early 1800s Reform	p. 12
Developments in The Late Nineteenth Century	p. 13
The Juvenile Court Movement	p. 13
Highlights of Late Nineteenth Century Reform	p. 16
Into the Twentieth Century: The Progressive Era	p. 16
The First Juvenile Courts	p. 17
Federal Government Concern and Involvement	p. 18
Early Efforts at Diversion: The Chicago Boy's Court	p. 19
Highlights of Progressive Era Reform	p. 19
The New Deal Era	p. 19
The Youth Counsel Bureau	p. 21
Highlights of New Deal Era Reform	p. 21
The Great Society Era and Civil Liberties Concerns	p. 21
The 1960s	p. 21
The Kent Decision	p. 24
The Gault Decision	p. 24
The President's Commission and Youth Service Bureaus	p. 26
The Uniform Juvenile Court Act	p. 27
Highlights of Great Society Era Reform	p. 28
The 1970s	p. 28
The White House Conference on Youth	p. 29
The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act	p. 29
The Four Ds of Juvenile Justice	p. 30
The 1980s	p. 35
Shall v. Martin and Preventive Detention	p. 36
Some Effects of Preventive Detention	p. 37
The Evolution of Child, Parent and State Relationships	p. 37
Still Evolving	p. 37
Crime, Delinquency and Justice: Theoretical Roots	p. 43
Justice	p. 44
Justice and the Law	p. 45
Purposes of Law	p. 46
Consensus Theory	p. 46
Conflict Theory	p. 48
Contemporary Perspectives on Punishment	p. 49
Two Competing World Views	p. 49
The Classical World View	p. 49
The Positivist World View	p. 51
Causes of Crime and Delinquency: An Overview	p. 52
Biological Theories	p. 52
Psychological Theories	p. 54
Sociological Theories	p. 55
Critical Theories	p. 59
Conclusion	p. 61
The Relationship between the Drug Use and Delinquency	p. 61
The Juvenile and Adult Justice Systems Compared	p. 62
Our Nation's Youth: A Challenge to the Justice System
Growth and Development: The First Eighteen Years	p. 67
Youths and Parens Patriae	p. 68
Child Development	p. 69
The Critical First Three Years	p. 70
The Next Ten Years	p. 72
Children Living in Poverty	p. 77
Homelessness	p. 79
Victims of Lead Poisoning	p. 79
The Underclass	p. 80
Children with Special Needs	p. 80
Emotionally/Behaviorally Disturbed Children	p. 81
Youths with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)	p. 81
Youths with Learning Disabilities	p. 82
Youths Exposed to Drugs or HIV Prenatally	p. 82
Adolescence	p. 84
Youths Who Are on Drugs	p. 89
Teen Pregnancy	p. 89
The Fading of the American Dream	p. 90
The Family, the School and the Community: Powerful Influences on Youths' Development	p. 95
The Importance of Family	p. 97
The Family as the First Teacher	p. 99
Aggressive Behavior	p. 100
American Child-Rearing Rights and Practices	p. 102
The Spanking Controversy	p. 102
Adult Supremacy	p. 103
Socialization	p. 104
Values	p. 105
Family-Related Risk Factors and the Disintegration of the Traditional Family	p. 106
The Role of the School	p. 110
Origins of Our Public Schools	p. 110
The Current Focus of Schools	p. 111
Values and the School	p. 111
The Need for Positive Values	p. 112
Hope for the Future	p. 113
The Importance of Success in School	p. 113
How Schools Promote Failure	p. 115
Poverty and Failure	p. 116
Student Response to Failure	p. 116
Truancy--The Dropout	p. 117
The Link between Delinquency and the Schools	p. 117
Problems Facing Schools	p. 118
Crime and Violence in the Schools	p. 118
Fear and Its Effects	p. 123
In Defense of the Schools	p. 124
Students' Rights within the School	p. 125
The Duty of the Community	p. 127
Youths Who Are Victims	p. 135
Children Who Are Neglected	p. 137
Indicators of Neglect	p. 139
Consequences of Neglect	p. 139
Children Who Are Physically or Emotionally Abused	p. 140
Historical Roots of Abuse	p. 141
Child Abuse and Neglect Laws	p. 142
The Causes of Abuse	p. 143
Indicators of Physical Abuse	p. 144
Indicators of Emotional Abuse	p. 145
The Seriousness of the Problem	p. 145
Three Levels of Abuse	p. 146
Child Abuse and the Link with Delinquency	p. 147
Children Who Are Sexually Abused	p. 149
Indicators of Sexual Abuse	p. 149
The Consequences of Being Sexually Abused	p. 149
Sexual Abuse and the Internet	p. 150
Cultural Values and Sexual Abuse	p. 150
The Issue of Credibility	p. 152
Children and Youths as Victims of Crime and Violence	p. 152
Violence and the Media	p. 155
The Cycle of Violence	p. 157
Missing and Exploited Children	p. 160
Runaways	p. 160
Thrownaways	p. 162
Nonfamily Abduction	p. 162
Family Abduction	p. 163
Lost, Injured or Otherwise Missing	p. 163
Responsibility for Investigating Missing and Exploited Children	p. 163
Youths and Suicide	p. 164
The Role of Government	p. 164
Youths Who Break the Law and Those Who Victimize	p. 169
Measuring the Number of Juvenile Offenses Committed	p. 170
Official Data	p. 170
Self-Reports	p. 171
Victimization Data	p. 171
Status Offenders	p. 172
Vandalism	p. 173
At-Risk Behaviors	p. 174
Underage Drinking	p. 174
A Key Issue	p. 175
Juvenile Delinquents	p. 175
Definitions	p. 175
Profile of Delinquency	p. 175
Juvenile Arrest Statistics and Delinquency Rates	p. 176
Burglary	p. 176
Arson	p. 178
Larceny-Theft	p. 178
Motor Vehicle Theft	p. 178
A Brief Recap on the Causes of Delinquency	p. 178
Developmental Pathways	p. 182
Violent Juvenile Offenders	p. 186
Guns and Juveniles	p. 188
Violent Adolescent Females	p. 189
The Link between Violence and Later Violent Criminality	p. 189
Conduct Disorder	p. 190
Psychopathic or Sociopathic Behavior	p. 192
The Public Health Model and the Law Enforcement Perspective	p. 192
Youths Who Are Gang Members	p. 199
Definitions	p. 200
A Brief History of Gangs in the United States	p. 202
Current Scope of the Gang Problem	p. 204
Causes of Gangs and Why Youths Join Them	p. 206
Family Structure	p. 207
Peer Pressure and Ego Fulfillment	p. 209
Racism and Cultural Discord	p. 210
Socioeconomic Pressure	p. 210
Socialized Delinquency	p. 211
Other Reasons Why Gangs Form	p. 211
Types of Gangs	p. 212
Hispanic Street Gangs	p. 215
Black Street Gangs	p. 215
Asian Gangs	p. 216
Native American Gangs	p. 217
Other Ethnic Gangs	p. 218
White Gangs	p. 218
Prison Gangs	p. 219
Females in Gangs	p. 220
Characteristics of the Youth Gang Subculture	p. 221
Gang Structure--Leadership and Organization	p. 221
Associational Patterns	p. 222
Domain Identification	p. 231
Illegal Activity	p. 231
Gangs' Influence on the Schools	p. 235
Drugs and Gangs	p. 236
Gang Myths	p. 237
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System
The Role of Law Enforcement	p. 243
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System	p. 244
Police Dispositions	p. 248
Police Discretion and the Initial Contact	p. 250
Objectives in Handling Juveniles	p. 251
Taken into Custody	p. 252
Detention	p. 254
Release vs. Detention	p. 255
Intake	p. 257
Prosecution	p. 257
Overrepresentation Issues	p. 258
Neglected and Abused Children	p. 259
Youths Who Are Sexually Abused	p. 262
Missing Children	p. 262
Status Offenders	p. 262
Curfew Violations and Loitering	p. 263
Runaways	p. 264
Truants	p. 265
Underage Drinking	p. 266
The Police as Mentors to Troubled Youths	p. 267
Serious, Habitual Offenders	p. 268
Dealing with Gangs and Gang Members	p. 270
Prevention Strategies	p. 274
Early Efforts at Delinquency Prevention	p. 274
Evolution of Prevention Programs	p. 275
Police-School Liaison Programs	p. 275
Goals of Liaison Programs	p. 277
Other Programs	p. 278
The Importance of Teachers in Delinquency Prevention Programs	p. 282
The Officer on the Street and Youths' Attitudes	p. 282
Coordination of Efforts and Community Policing	p. 283
Responding to a Changing Society	p. 285
The Role of the Juvenile Court	p. 291
Basic Philosophy of Juvenile Court	p. 292
Jurisdiction of the Juvenile Court	p. 294
Factors Determining Jurisdiction	p. 295
Other Cases within Juvenile Court Jurisdiction	p. 297
Offenses Excluded from Juvenile Court Jurisdiction	p. 297
Venue and Transfer	p. 298
Types of Juvenile Courts	p. 298
Characteristics of the Juvenile Court	p. 299
The Juvenile Court Process	p. 300
Custody and Detention	p. 300
Intake	p. 304
Waiver and Certification	p. 305
Reverse Certification	p. 307
Petition and Summons	p. 307
Preliminary Hearing	p. 308
Adjudication	p. 310
Disposition	p. 313
Juvenile Sentencing Laws	p. 319
Mechanical Jurisprudence	p. 320
Youths Who Come before the Court	p. 321
Those Who Are Neglected or Abused	p. 321
Status Offenders	p. 322
Delinquent Offenders	p. 324
Issues Facing the Juvenile Court--Dilemmas and Criticisms	p. 326
The Fundamental Nature of Juvenile Court	p. 327
Criminalization of Juvenile Court	p. 328
Quality of Representation	p. 328
Racism and Discrimination	p. 328
Gang Membership--"Master Status"	p. 329
Court Files and Records	p. 329
Proposed Changes	p. 331
The Role of Corrections	p. 337
The Right to Treatment	p. 339
Conservative and Liberal Philosophies of Corrections	p. 339
Probation	p. 340
Supervision	p. 341
The Probation Officer	p. 342
The Current Role of Probation Officers	p. 343
Problems with Probation	p. 344
Privatizing Juvenile Probation Services	p. 346
Probation as a Disposition	p. 346
Community-Based Corrections Programs	p. 348
Nonresidential Day Treatment Alternatives	p. 349
Nonsecure Residential Programs	p. 349
The Dilemma of Community Programs	p. 351
Intermediate Sanctions	p. 352
Intensive Supervision	p. 352
Electronic Monitoring	p. 353
Boot Camps	p. 353
Institutionalization	p. 358
Juveniles Sentenced to Adult Institutions	p. 358
Detention Facilities	p. 359
Training Schools	p. 361
Juveniles in Public Institutions	p. 361
Juveniles in Private Institutions	p. 364
Social Structure within Correctional Institutions	p. 365
Prison Gangs	p. 366
Male/Female Compared	p. 367
The Impact of Incarceration	p. 367
Conditions of Confinement	p. 367
Improving Conditions	p. 368
Parole	p. 368
Aftercare	p. 369
An Example of Effective Aftercare	p. 371
Importance of Juvenile Corrections Partnerships	p. 371
The Role of the Broader Community	p. 377
Community Defined	p. 378
Perceptions of Community	p. 380
The Community and the Juvenile Justice System	p. 381
Community Policing	p. 382
The Role of Social Workers and Social Services	p. 384
Needy, Neglected or Abused Children	p. 385
Current Emphasis	p. 385
The Role of the Schools	p. 387
Gangs in the Schools	p. 389
The Role of Community Agencies, Businesses and Volunteers	p. 390
Community Involvement and Volunteers	p. 391
Jobs and Restitution	p. 394
The Importance of Coordination	p. 397
Contemporary Models and a Look to the Future
Approaches to Prevention	p. 403
Classification of Prevention Approaches	p. 405
Prevention vs. Control	p. 405
Three Levels of Delinquency Prevention	p. 405
Which Youths to Target?	p. 407
Prevention and the Public Health Model	p. 408
Prevention as an Attack on Causes	p. 409
Preserving Families to Prevent Delinquency	p. 410
Preventing Child Neglect and Abuse	p. 413
Recommendations of the Metropolitan Court Judges Committee	p. 414
OJJDP Exemplary Programs for Neglected and Abused Children	p. 415
Programs in the Schools	p. 416
OJJDP Exemplary Programs in the Schools	p. 419
General Delinquency Prevention Programs	p. 420
OJJDP Exemplary Programs	p. 420
Violence Prevention	p. 422
Drug Prevention Programs	p. 423
DARE	p. 423
The National Commission on Drug-Free Schools	p. 424
The National Crime Prevention Council's Programs	p. 426
Mentoring	p. 428
Gang Prevention	p. 428
Antigang Programs	p. 428
Comprehensive Programs	p. 429
YouthCare	p. 429
The CAR Program	p. 431
What Works?	p. 433
Approaches to Treatment	p. 437
Treatment as Tertiary Prevention	p. 439
Characteristics of Effective Intervention Programs	p. 442
Treatment Programs for Children and Juveniles Who Have Been Abused	p. 444
Treatment Recommendations of the Metropolitan Court Judges Committee	p. 445
Service Recommendations	p. 446
Permanency Recommendations	p. 446
Diversion Alternatives--Community-Based Treatment Programs	p. 447
Project New Pride	p. 449
Foster Homes	p. 450
Intensive Supervision/Parole/Probation/Aftercare	p. 450
Day Treatment Programs	p. 451
Alternative Schools	p. 451
Youth Centers	p. 451
"Second Chance" Camps	p. 453
Collaborative Efforts	p. 455
Exemplary Programs	p. 457
Civil Remedies	p. 460
Rethinking Juvenile Justice: A Global View	p. 465
Juvenile Court Involvement	p. 467
A Juvenile Justice Model	p. 468
The Competence Issue	p. 469
Restructuring	p. 470
Policy Recommendations for Consideration	p. 471
The Future for Neglected and Abused Children	p. 471
Time for a Change	p. 472
Rejuvenating Juvenile Justice	p. 473
Reinventing Juvenile Justice	p. 474
A Global Perspective	p. 474
Singapore and Sweden	p. 475
Canada	p. 477
New Zealand	p. 477
Israel	p. 478
England	p. 478
Scotland	p. 480
The United Nations' Position on Children	p. 483
A Call for Change	p. 483
Restorative Justice	p. 483
The BJS-Princeton Project Call for a New Paradigm	p. 484
Issues for the Future	p. 485
Juvenile Justice for the Twenty-First Century	p. 485
Objectives of an Effective Juvenile Justice System	p. 486
Elements of an Effective Juvenile Justice System	p. 486
Appendices	p. 491
Glossary	p. 513
Index	p. 523
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.