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| Volume I | |
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| Preface | |
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| Colonization and Revolution, 1492-1815 | |
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| A Meeting of Three Worlds: Europe, Africa, and American Colonization, 1492-1680 | |
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| Peoples of the New World | |
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| The Background to Overseas Expansion: Europe and Africa | |
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| The Invasion of the Americas Begins: Portugal, Spain, and the Need for Labor | |
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| Early Colonization Efforts in North America | |
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| The English Colonial Experience | |
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| Native Americans: Decline, Resistance, Exchange | |
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| Conclusion: The Remaking of Three Worlds | |
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| Servitude, Slavery, and the Growth of the Southern Colonies, 1620-1760 | |
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| The Development of the Southern Colonies | |
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| The Making of Southern Slave Societies | |
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| African-American Culture in the South | |
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| Prosperity, Inequality, and Shifting Ideas in Slave Societies | |
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| Conclusion: The Southern Colonies at Mid-Eighteenth Century | |
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| Family Labor and the Growth of the Northern Colonies, 1640-1760 | |
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| Early New England | |
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| America and England in the Late Seventeenth Century | |
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| Rural Societies in the Eighteenth Century | |
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| Urban America | |
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| Hierarchy and Equality in Northern Societies | |
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| Conclusion: Prosperity and Inequality at Mid-Century | |
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| Toward Revolution, 1750-1776 | |
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| The Colonial Roots of Rebellion | |
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| The First British Empire: Triumph and Crisis | |
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| Imperial Conflict Grows | |
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| Resistance Becomes Revolution | |
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| Conclusion: What Sort of American Society? | |
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| Revolution, Constitution, and the People, 1776-1815 | |
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| The Course of the War | |
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| Building a Republic | |
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| Creating a National Government | |
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| American Society: Competing Visions | |
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| Post-Revolutionary America in the World | |
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| Conclusion: Legacies of Revolution | |
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| Free Labor and Slavery, 1790-1850 | |
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| The Consolidation of Slavery in the South, 1790-1836 | |
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| Cotton and the Expansion of Slavery | |
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| Southern Slave Experiences | |
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| Southern White Experiences | |
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| Religion, Resistance, and Rebellion | |
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| The Planter Class Consolidates Power | |
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| Conclusion: The Challenges of a Slave Society | |
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| Northern Society and the Growth of Wage Labor, 1790-1837 | |
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| The Early Nineteenth-Century North | |
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| A Transformation Begins | |
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| Wage Labor and Resistance | |
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| Democracy and Class in Jacksonian Society | |
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| Conclusion: A Divided Republic | |
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| Immigration, Urban Life, and Social Reform in the Free Labor North, 1838-1860 | |
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| The Transformation of the American Labor Force | |
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| Urban Mayhem and Middle Class Reform | |
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| Radical Reform | |
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| Conclusion: The Free Labor North Faces an Uncertain Future | |
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| The Spread of Slavery and the Crisis of Southern Society, 1836-1848 | |
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| The Master's Precarious Domain | |
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| New Frontiers and New Challenges for Southern Slavery | |
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| Extending an Empire of Slavery | |
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| Conclusion: Western Expansion and the Path to War | |
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| War, Reconstruction and Labor, 1848-1877 | |
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| The Deepening Rift over Slavery, 1848-1860 | |
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| The Transformation of the West | |
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| Uneasy Compromises over Slavery | |
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| The Labor Question in a Time of Rising Tension | |
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| Toward a Showdown | |
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| Conclusion The Deepening Rift Becomes a Chasm | |
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| The Civil War: America's Second Revolution, 1861-1865 | |
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| The Nation Disintegrates | |
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| The War for the Union and Against Slavery | |
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| The Cold Realities of War | |
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| War Transforms the North | |
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| War Transforms the South | |
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| Military Victory Assured | |
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| Conclusion: Revolutionary Consequences and Daunting Questions | |
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| Reconstructing the Nation, 1865-1877 | |
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| The Beginnings of Reconstruction | |
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| African Americans Build New Lives After Emancipation | |
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| The Drama of Reconstruction Unfolds | |
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| The End of Reconstruction | |
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| Conclusion: Still Searching for Freedom | |
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| New Frontiers: Westward Expansion and Industrial Growth, 1865-1877 | |
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| Change and Violence on the Frontier | |
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| Industrialization and the Working Class | |
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| An American Labor Movement Emerges | |
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| Conclusion: The Lessons of 1877 | |