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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| List of Illustrations | |
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| Introduction: American Indian Activism in the Progressive Era | |
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| Indian America, 1900 | |
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| The "Antithesis of Civilization" | |
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| The Progressive Era | |
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| Indian Writers Respond | |
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| Indian Anthropologists | |
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| Defending Tribal Religions | |
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| Political Protests and Legal Challenges | |
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| Talking Back Brings Results | |
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| The Structure of This Book | |
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| Speaking Out at the World's Columbian Exposition, 1893 | |
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| Simon Pokagon Offers The Red Man's Greeting, 1893 | |
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| Critics of Indian Education | |
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| Francis La Flesche on Boarding School, 1900 | |
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| Laura Kellogg Attacks the Government's System of Indian Education, 1913 | |
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| Henry Roe Cloud Presents an Alternative Vision of Indian Education, 1914 | |
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| Arthur C. Parker Argues for College Education for Indians, 1913 | |
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| Discussing Christianity and Religion | |
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| Zitkala Sa (Gertrude Bonnin) Defends Paganism, 1902 | |
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| Charles Eastman Compares the Morality of Indians and Modern Christians, 1916 | |
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| Francis La Flesche and Fred Lookout Defend Peyote before Congress, 1918 | |
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| American Indians on American's Indian Policy | |
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| Carlos Montezuma Advocates the Abolition of the Indian Office, 1914 | |
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| Arthur C. Parker Indicts the Government for Its Actions, 1915 | |
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| The Society of American Indians Supports Tribal Claims, 1913 | |
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| Popular Images of Indians: Cartoons and Commentary, 1913-1916 | |
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| Cartoons from the Quarterly Journal, 1913-1916 | |
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| Chauncey Yellow Robe on the Wild West Shows, 1914 | |
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| Arthur C. Parker on the Alleged Racial Inferiority of Indians, 1914 | |
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| World War I | |
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| Carlos Montezuma on the Draft, 1917 | |
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| Chauncey Yellow Robe on the War Effort, 1918 | |
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| Zitkala Sa on the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 | |
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| Charles Eastman Sees the End of War as the Moment to End the "Petty Autocracy" of the Indian Office, 1919 | |
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| Robert Yellowtail Calls for Self-Determination, 1919 | |
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| After the War: Reservation Indians Speak Out | |
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| Ojibwe Leaders Protest Government Proposals to Abolish Their Reservation, 1920 | |
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| Sioux Leaders Protest the Leasing of Tribal Lands, 1920 | |
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| Winnebago Leaders Ask for Justice, 1922 | |
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| The Klamath Seek Independence, 1924 | |
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| Afterword: The Pueblos Protest the Bursum Bill, 1922 | |
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| An Appeal for Fair Play and the Preservation of Pueblo Life, November 5, 1922 | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| Questions for Consideration | |
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| Chronology of Important Events for Native Americans in the Progressive Era (1890-1928) | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Index | |