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| Introductory Concepts | |
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| Spectrum of laser emission | |
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| Spectrum of visible light | |
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| Energy of a photon | |
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| Thermal energy | |
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| Population under thermal equilibrium of two levels | |
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| Small-signal gain of a ruby laser amplifier | |
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| Threshold inversion of a laser cavity | |
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| Temporal evolution of the population densities in a three-level system | |
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| Brightness of a diffraction limited beam | |
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| Comparison between the brightness of a lamp and that of an argon laser | |
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| Intensity on the retina of the sun light and of a He-Ne laser beam | |
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| Power spectrum of a wave-train of finite duration | |
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| Coherence time and coherence length of filtered light | |
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| Radiation pressure of a laser beam | |
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| Radiation pressure | |
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| Interaction of Radiation with Atoms and Ions | |
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| Intensity and energy density of a plane em wave | |
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| Photon flux of a plane monochromatic wave | |
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| Number of modes of a blackbody cavity | |
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| Wien's law | |
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| Blackbody cavity filled with a dispersive medium | |
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| Power irradiated by a blackbody emitter | |
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| Average mode energy | |
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| Spontaneous and stimulated emission rates | |
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| Natural broadening | |
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| Doppler broadening | |
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| Temperature of a blackbody with the same energy density of a He-Ne laser | |
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| Spontaneous lifetime and cross section | |
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| Radiative lifetime and quantum yield of the ruby laser transition | |
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| Radiative lifetime of the strongest transition of the Nd: YAG laser | |
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| Transient response of a two-level system to an applied signal | |
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| Gain saturation intensity | |
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| Population inversion of a homogeneously broadened laser transition | |
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| Strongly coupled levels | |
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| Amplification of a monochromatic em wave | |
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| Amplified Spontaneous Emission in a Nd: YAG rod | |
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| Saturated absorption coefficient | |
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| Peak absorption coefficient and linewidth | |
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| Energy Levels, Radiative, and Nonradiative Transitions in Molecules and Semiconductors | |
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| Vibrational frequency of a diatomic molecule | |
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| Calculation of the elastic constant of a molecule | |
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| From the potential energy to the vibrational frequency | |
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| The Morse potential energy | |
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| Calculation of the Franck-Condon factor | |
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| Rotational constant of a diatomic molecule | |
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| Far-infrared absorption spectrum of an HCl molecule | |
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| The most heavily populated rotational level | |
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| The emission lines of a CO[subscript 2] molecule | |
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| The law of mass action | |
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| Energies of the quasi-Fermi levels | |
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| The quasi-Fermi levels in GaAs | |
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| Derivation of the Bernard-Duraffourg condition | |
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| Laser levels in a semiconductor | |
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| Frequency dependence of the gain of an inverted semiconductor | |
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| Gain calculation in a GaAs amplifier | |
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| Differential gain of a GaAs amplifier | |
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| Thickness of a quantum well: an order of magnitude estimate | |
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| An ideal quantum well | |
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| Energies of the quasi-Fermi levels in a semiconductor quantum well | |
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| Calculation of the gain bandwidth in a GaAs quantum well | |
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| Ray and Wave Propagation through Optical Media | |
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| ABCD matrix of a spherical dielectric interface | |
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| ABCD matrix of a thin lens | |
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| ABCD matrix of a piece of glass | |
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| Reflection at a plane interface | |
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| An high reflectivity dielectric mirror | |
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| A Fabry-Perot interferometer | |
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| A scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer | |
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| An imaging optical system | |
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| The ABCD law for gaussian beams | |
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| A collimating lens | |
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| A simple optical processing system | |
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| A laser driller | |
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| An earth to moon laser rangefinder | |
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| An He-Ne laser | |
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| An Argon laser | |
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| Gaussian beam propagation through an optical system | |
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| Power conservation for a gaussian beam | |
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| A "soft" or gaussian aperture | |
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| A waist imaging system | |
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| Gaussian beam transformation by a lens | |
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| Focusing a gaussian beam inside a piece of glass | |
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| Passive Optical Resonators | |
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| Stability of a resonator with concave mirrors | |
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| A concave-convex resonator | |
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| A simple two-mirror resonator | |
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| Number of longitudinal modes in a resonator | |
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| Resonators for an Argon laser | |
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| A resonator for a CO[subscript 2] laser | |
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| A near-planar resonator | |
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| Single-mode selection in a He-Ne laser | |
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| Spot sizes on the mirrors of a stable resonator | |
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| A plano-concave resonator | |
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| A near-concentric resonator | |
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| The unlucky graduate student | |
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| Resonator with an intracavity lens | |
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| Resonator for a cw-pumped Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Resonator for a Ti:sapphire laser | |
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| Location of the beam waist in a stable resonator | |
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| Properties of a symmetric confocal resonator | |
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| Asymmetric confocal resonators | |
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| A confocal unstable resonator | |
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| Unstable resonator with gaussian mirrors: properties of the output beam | |
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| Designing a gaussian mirror for an unstable resonator | |
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| Unstable resonator with a supergaussian mirror | |
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| Pumping Processes | |
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| Critical pump rate in a lamp-pumped Nd:YLF laser | |
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| Pump rate expression for longitudinal pumping | |
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| Laser spot size in a longitudinally pumped Ti:Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] laser under optimum pumping conditions | |
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| Optical pumping of a Ti:Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] laser: a design problem | |
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| Doping in a solid-state laser medium | |
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| A transversely pumped high-power Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Longitudinal vs. transverse pumping in Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Threshold power in a double-end pumped Nd:YVO[subscript 4] laser | |
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| Threshold power in a quasi-three level laser: the Yb:YAG case | |
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| Threshold pump power of a Nd:glass fiber laser | |
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| Pump absorption in a Nd:glass fiber laser | |
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| Maximum output intensity in a Nd:glass amplifier | |
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| Electron temperature in a Boltzmann distribution | |
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| How to reduce the size of a He-Ne laser tube? | |
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| Thermal and drift velocities of electrons in a He-Ne laser | |
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| A He-Ne laser: pump rate vs. pump current | |
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| Scaling laws and performances in longitudinally pumped gas lasers | |
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| Pump rate vs. pumping current in Ar[superscript +] lasers | |
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| Ar[superscript +] lasers: pump efficiency vs. pump power | |
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| Continuous Wave Laser Behavior | |
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| Calculation of logarithmic loss | |
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| Calculation of cavity photon lifetime | |
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| Four-level laser with finite lifetime of the lower laser level | |
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| Rate equations analysis of a three-level laser | |
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| Threshold condition in a ruby laser | |
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| Thermal lensing in a microchip Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Transverse efficiency in an end-pumped four-level laser | |
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| Threshold and slope-efficiency calculations in a longitudinally-pumped Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Estimate of internal laser losses | |
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| Calculation of optimum output coupling | |
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| Longitudinal efficiency in a standing-wave laser | |
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| Dispersion relation for a Lorentzian line | |
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| Frequency pulling in a homogeneously-broadened laser | |
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| Calculation of frequency pulling in a He-Xe laser | |
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| Quantum limit to the laser linewidth | |
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| Tuning of a Ti:sapphire laser by a birefringent filter | |
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| Transverse mode selection | |
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| Single longitudinal mode oscillation in an inhomogeneously broadened laser | |
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| Suppression of spatial hole burning by the twisted-mode technique | |
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| Single-longitudinal mode selection by an intracavity etalon | |
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| Transient Laser Behavior | |
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| Relaxation oscillations in a Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Noise spectrum of the output power for a four-level laser | |
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| Fast Q-switching in a Nd:YLF laser | |
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| Calculation of the pulse energy and pulse duration in a repetitively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Quarter-wave voltage in a Q-switch Pockels cell | |
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| Active Q-switching in a three-level laser | |
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| Calculation of the beam deflection angle by an acoustooptic modulator | |
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| Mode-locking of sidebands modes with random amplitudes | |
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| Chirped Gaussian pulses with quadratic phase locking relations | |
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| On the periodicity of mode-locked signals | |
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| Phase locking condition for second-harmonic mode-locking | |
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| Pulsewidth calculation in an actively mode-locked Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Gaussian pulse analysis of frequency mode locking | |
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| Mode-locking in a He-Ne laser | |
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| Harmonic mode-locking of a laser in a linear cavity | |
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| Calculation of pulse energy and peak power in a passively mode-locked Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Pulse duration in an idealized Kerr lens mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser | |
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| Pulse duration in a soliton-type Ti:sapphire mode-locked laser | |
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| Pulse broadening in a quartz plate | |
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| Self-imaging of a mode-locked pulse train | |
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| Solid-State, Dye, and Semiconductor Lasers | |
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| Slope efficiency in a Ti:Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] laser | |
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| Output power from a Nd:YAG laser | |
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| A Nd:YVO[subscript 4] laser in the fog | |
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| A green solid-state laser | |
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| Yb:YAG laser vs. Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Anisotropy in a Cr:LiSAF laser rod | |
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| Threshold pump power in longitudinal pumping: ground and excited states contribution | |
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| Threshold pump power in a dye laser: triplet-triplet contribution | |
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| Slope efficiency in a dye laser | |
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| A laser cascade | |
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| Longitudinal modes in a semiconductor laser | |
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| Beam astigmatism in a semiconductor laser | |
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| Current threshold in a GaAs/AlGaAs laser | |
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| Slope efficiency in a GaAs/AlGaAs laser | |
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| Distributed feedback in a semiconductor laser | |
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| Current threshold in a quantum-well laser | |
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| Carrier density in a VCSEL at threshold | |
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| Gas, Chemical, Free-Electron, and X-Ray Lasers | |
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| Low-density laser emitting in the infrared | |
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| Low-density laser emitting in the UV - soft X region | |
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| High-power lasers for material processing | |
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| Internal structure of He-Ne lasers | |
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| Maximum output power in He-Ne lasers | |
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| Internal structure of high-power Ar[superscript +] lasers | |
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| Output vs. pump power in Ar[superscript +] lasers | |
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| Current density in a low power CO[subscript 2] laser | |
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| Voltage drop in a low power CO[subscript 2] laser tube | |
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| Rotational transitions in a CO[subscript 2] laser | |
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| Mode locking of a CO[subscript 2] laser | |
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| ASE threshold for a N[subscript 2] laser | |
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| Pump power in a KrF excimer laser at threshold | |
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| Cold reaction in a HF chemical laser | |
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| Transition linewidths in the soft-X-ray spectral region | |
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| A free-electron laser operating in the soft-X-ray region | |
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| Properties of Laser Beams | |
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| Complex degree of coherence for a quasi monochromatic wave | |
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| Measurement of the spatial coherence by a Young interferometer | |
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| Destroy of spatial coherence by rotation of a ground glass | |
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| Comparison of temporal coherence between a thermal source and a laser | |
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| Temporal coherence of white light | |
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| Relation between first-order degree of temporal coherence and fringe visibility in a Michelson interferometer | |
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| Degree of temporal coherence for a low-pressure discharge lamp | |
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| Temporal coherence of a gas laser oscillating on N axial modes | |
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| An interference experiment with partially coherent light | |
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| Spatial coherence of the light from the sun | |
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| An astronomic calculation based on spatial coherence of stellar radiation | |
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| Beam divergence of a partially-coherent laser beam | |
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| Focusing of a perfectly-coherent spatial beam | |
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| M[superscript 2] factor of a Nd:YAG laser | |
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| Brightness of a high-power CO[subscript 2] laser | |
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| Grain size of the speckle pattern as observed on a screen | |
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| Grain size of the speckle pattern as seen by a human observer | |
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| Correlation function and power spectrum of a single-longitudinal mode laser | |
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| Laser Beam Transformation: Propagation, Amplification, Frequency Conversion, Pulse Compression, and Pulse Expansion | |
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| Propagation of a multimode beam | |
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| Amplification of long pulses by a Nd:YAG amplifier | |
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| Amplification of short pulses by a Nd:YAG amplifier | |
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| Extraction efficiency of a two-pass amplifier | |
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| Saturation fluence in a quasi-three-level amplifier | |
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| Maximum output fluence from an amplifier with losses | |
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| Theoretical limit to the maximum intensity of an amplifier | |
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| Index of refraction of an extraordinary wave in a uniaxial crystal | |
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| Double refraction in a uniaxial crystal | |
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| Second harmonic conversion of a Ti:sapphire laser in a BBO crystal | |
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| Second harmonic conversion efficiency in a KDP crystal | |
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| Second harmonic generation with a Gaussian beam | |
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| Frequency doubling of a Gaussian beam in a KDP crystal | |
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| Effective nonlinear coefficient of a KDP crystal | |
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| Threshold pump intensity of an optical parametric oscillator | |
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| Collinear parametric generation in a BBO crystal | |
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| Noncollinear parametric generation in a BBO crystal | |
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| Nonlinear index n[subscript 2] of sapphire | |
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| Pulse spectral broadening due to self-phase modulation in a Kerr medium | |
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| Spectral broadening of a 20-fs pulse in a hollow fiber filled with argon | |
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| Group delay dispersion of a medium | |
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| Dispersion-induced broadening of a 10-fs pulse in a fused silica plate | |