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| Preface | |
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| God and the Gods | |
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| Religion in the Roman Empire | |
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| Critiques of the gods | |
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| Society and government | |
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| The Empire and Christianity | |
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| Community and Morality | |
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| Conversion and preparation | |
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| Coming to baptism | |
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| The eucharistic offering | |
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| The Message and the Messengers | |
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| The canon of Scripture | |
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| Interpreting Scripture | |
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| Church leaders: Didache; Clement of Rome, Ignatius, Irenaeus | |
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| Proliferation and Excess | |
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| Heresy and schism | |
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| Marcion | |
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| Gnosticism | |
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| Eastern Christianity | |
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| Montanism | |
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| Defence and Definition: Early Apologists | |
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| Apologists and apologetic | |
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| Charge and counter-charge | |
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| God and his Word | |
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| Holy Spirit and Trinity | |
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| Tradition and Truth: Irenaeus of Lyons | |
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| Lyons and Irenaeus | |
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| Apostolic succession | |
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| The Rule of Truth | |
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| God and Christ | |
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| Mankind and redemption | |
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| Latin Theology Launched: Tertullian | |
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| Tertullian the Christian | |
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| Tertullian the churchman | |
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| Tertullian the theologian | |
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| Sectarian Religion and Episcopal Authority | |
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| Dionysius of Corinth, Serapion and Demetrius | |
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| The church in Rome under Victor | |
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| Doctrinal disputes: Hippolytus | |
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| Discipline and order: Callistus | |
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| Reconciliation and renewed persecution | |
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| One Church, one Baptism: Cyprian | |
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| Persecution and the problem of the lapsed | |
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| Schism and unity | |
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| Cyprian on defaulting bishops and on baptism | |
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| The Alexandrian Heritage: Clement | |
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| Alexandria and Clement | |
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| Clement the teacher | |
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| The knowledge of God | |
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| Origen the Theologian | |
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| Origen | |
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| The system and the Scriptures | |
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| Scripture and allegory | |
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| God and the Trinity | |
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| Creation, flesh and the humanity of Christ | |
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| The influence of Origen: Dionysius and Paul | |
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| The Rise of Constantine | |
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| The Great Persecution | |
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| Donatism | |
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| Church and Empire | |
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| Arius and the Council of Nicaea | |
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| Arius | |
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| Constantine intervenes | |
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| The Council of Antioch, 325 | |
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| Marcellus of Ancyra | |
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| The Council and Creed of Nicaea | |
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| The outcome and aftermath of Nicaea | |
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| Councils and Controversies: 327-361 | |
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| The Eusebian supremacy | |
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| The division of East and West | |
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| The Eastern dominance | |
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| Towards Synthesis: 361-378 | |
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| The reign of Julian, 361-3 | |
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| The Spirit-fighters | |
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| Apollinarianism | |
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| The Cappadocian Fathers | |
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| The Cappadocian Fathers on the Trinity | |
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| The Cappadocian Fathers on Christ and salvation | |
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| Theodosius I and the Council of Constantinople | |
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| Theodosius and the Western theology | |
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| Nicenes divided in the East | |
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| The Council of Constantinople: Canons | |
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| The Council of Constantinople: the Creed | |
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| The West | |
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| New Spirituality: The Monastic Movement | |
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| Monastic beginnings | |
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| Pachomius and life together | |
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| Syrian movements | |
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| Basil's contribution | |
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| Evagrius of Pontus | |
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| Western developments | |
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| Origenism, Jerome and John Chrysostom | |
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| Origenism and Jerome | |
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| Origenism in Palestine; Rufinus | |
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| John Chrysostom | |
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| Augustine of Hippo | |
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| Career and Confessions | |
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| Youth in Africa; Manicheism | |
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| Ambrose and Neoplatonism | |
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| Monastic call and conversion | |
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| Augustine on the Trinity | |
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| Donatism and the Church | |
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| Pelagianism | |
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| The City of God | |
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| Cyril, Nestorius and the Council of Ephesus | |
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| Cyril and the rise of Nestorius | |
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| Theotokos | |
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| Cyril's Second Letter to Nestorius | |
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| Cyril's Third Letter to Nestorius | |
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| Nestorius condemned | |
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| The Formula of Reunion | |
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| Eutyches, Leo and the Council of Chalcedon | |
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| New personalities | |
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| Leo | |
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| Theodoret | |
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| Eutyches | |
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| The Tome of Leo | |
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| The Council of Ephesus, 449 | |
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| The Council of Chalcedon, 451 | |
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| The Chalcedonian Definition | |
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| The value of the Definition | |
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| The Heritage of Ancient Theology | |
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| The imperial Church | |
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| Doctrinal development | |
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| The biblical basis | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Index | |