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| List of Figures | |
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| List of Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Historical Introduction: Evolution and Theories of Mind and Behaviour, Darwin and After | |
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| The origin of species | |
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| New foundations | |
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| The study of animal behaviour | |
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| Comparative psychology and ethology: the 19th-century origins | |
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| Ethology and comparative psychology in the 20th century | |
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| Interactions between comparative psychology and ethology | |
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| Evolution and theories of human behaviour: Darwin and after | |
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| Man the moral animal | |
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| Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) | |
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| Evolution in America: Morgan, Baldwin and James | |
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| Galton and the rise of the eugenics movement | |
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| The triumph of culture | |
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| Franz Boas | |
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| The Revolt against eugenics | |
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| Behaviourism as an alternative resting place | |
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| The rise of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Darwin's Legacy | |
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| The mechanism of Darwinian evolution | |
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| The ghosts of Lamarckism | |
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| The central dogma in a modern form | |
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| Darwin's difficulties | |
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| The problem of altruism | |
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| Natural selection or sexual selection?: dilemmas over sex | |
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| Testing for adaptive significance | |
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| Pitfalls of the adaptationist paradigm: 'Just so stories' and Panglossianism | |
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| The testing of hypotheses | |
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| Adaptions and fitness: then and now | |
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| Evolutionary psychology or Darwinian anthropology? | |
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| Orders of explanation in evolutionary thinking | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Selfish Gene | |
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| Some basic principles of genetics | |
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| The genetic code | |
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| From genes to behaviour: some warnings | |
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| The unit of natural selection | |
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| The lure and failure of group selection | |
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| The unit of selection: replicators and vehicles | |
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| Kin selection and altruism | |
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| Hamilton's rule | |
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| Coefficient of relatedness | |
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| Application of Hamilton's rule and kin selection | |
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| Kin recognition | |
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| Kin recognition and discrimination | |
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| Outbreeding: incest taboos and the Westermarck effect | |
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| Reciprocal altruism | |
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| Altruism and selfishness | |
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| Reciprocal altruism, or time-delayed discrete mutualism | |
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| Conditions for the existence of reciprocal altruism | |
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| True altruism and pseudo-altruism: genes and vehicles revisited | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Mating Behaviour: From Systems to Strategies | |
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| Why sex? | |
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| The costs of sex | |
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| The lottery principle | |
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| The tangled bank hypothesis, or spatial heterogeneity | |
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| The Red Queen hypothesis | |
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| The DNA repair hypothesis | |
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| Sex and anisogamy | |
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| Describing mating behaviour: systems and strategies | |
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| Factors affecting expressed mating strategies | |
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| A generalised model of mating strategies | |
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| Phylogeny | |
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| Ecological conditions | |
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| Game theory: conflicts between rival strategies | |
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| The sex ratio: Fisher and after | |
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| Why so many males? | |
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| Fisher's argument | |
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| Testing and extending Fisher's argument | |
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| Empirical tests of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Sexual Selection | |
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| Finding a mate | |
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| Natural and sexual selection | |
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| Inter- and intrasexual selection | |
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| Consequences of intrasexual selection | |
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| Sexual dimorphism: size and weaponry | |
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| Variance in reproductive success -- Bateman's principle | |
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| Parental investment, reproductive rates and operational sex ratios | |
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| Problems with the concept of parental investment | |
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| Potential reproductive rates: humans and other animals | |
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| The operational sex ratio | |
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| The operational sex ratio and humans | |
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| Post-copulatory intrasexual competition | |
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| Sperm competition | |
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| Anisogamy and sperm warfare | |
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| Intersexual selection | |
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| Mechanisms of intersexual selection | |
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| Good taste: Fisher and runaway sexual selection | |
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| Good genes and indicator mechanisms | |
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| Good resources and good behaviour | |
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| Case studies: the peacock and the widow-bird | |
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| Sexual selection in humans: some questions | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Evolution of Brain Size | |
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| Humans and the great apes | |
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| A note on cladistic taxonomy | |
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| The human-primate gap: the 1.6 per cent advantage | |
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| Phylogeny of the Hominoidea | |
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| Intelligence in humans and other primates | |
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| The importance of being large | |
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| Brain size in humans and other mammals | |
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| Origins of primate intelligence | |
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| Food or sociality: testing the theories | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Language and the Modular Mind | |
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| The modular mind | |
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| The issue of modularity | |
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| The modular mind in action: cognitive adaptations for social exchange | |
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| Language | |
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| Natural selection and the evolution of language | |
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| Dating the origin of human language: culture, anatomy and grooming | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Understanding Human Sexual Behaviour: Anthropological Approaches | |
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| Contemporary traditional or preindustrial societies | |
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| Cultural distribution of mating systems | |
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| Hunter-gatherer societies | |
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| Sex and history | |
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| Power, wealth and sex in early civilisation | |
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| Physical comparisons between humans and other primates | |
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| Body size and canine size dimorphism | |
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| Testis size | |
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| Testis size and bodily dimorphism applied to humans | |
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| Concealed ovulation | |
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| Terminology | |
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| Conspicuous and concealed ovulation -- some hypotheses | |
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| Testing rival hypotheses of concealed ovulation | |
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| Menstruation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further readings | |
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| Human Mate Choice: The Evolutionary Logic of Sexual Desire | |
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| Evolution and sexual desire: some expectations and approaches | |
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| Questionnaire approaches | |
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| Cross-cultural comparisons | |
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| Urgency in copulation | |
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| A qualified parental investment model: the effect of levels of involvement | |
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| The use of published advertisements | |
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| Origin of mate choice preferences: evolutionary psychology or structural powerlessness | |
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| The use of stimulus pictures | |
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| Male assessment of females | |
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| Female assessment of men | |
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| Fluctuating asymmetry | |
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| Male preference for youth, the female menopause and longevity | |
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| Facial attractiveness: averageness, symmetry and honest signals | |
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| Honest signals of genetic worth | |
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| Faces as purveyors of information | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Conflict within Families and Other Groups | |
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| Parent-offspring interactions: some basic theory | |
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| Parental altruism | |
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| Parent-offspring conflict | |
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| Maternal-fetal conflict | |
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| Conflicts over glucose supplied to the fetus | |
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| Conflicts over decision to miscarry | |
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| Conflicts over blood supply | |
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| Conflict after parturition | |
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| Human violence and homicide | |
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| Kinship and violence: a paradox? | |
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| Infanticide | |
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| Human sexual conflicts | |
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| Marriage as a reproductive contract: control of female sexuality | |
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| Jealousy and violence | |
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| Divorce and remarriage | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Altruism, Co-operation and the Foundations of Culture | |
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| Game theory and the origins of human altruism | |
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| The prisoners' dilemma | |
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| Applications of game theory | |
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| Altruism: emotion and morality | |
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| The emotional life of an altruist | |
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| Biological morality and induced altruism | |
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| The distribution of wealth: inheritance and kin investment in human culture | |
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| Inheritance rules and marriage systems | |
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| Inheritance of wealth: practice in a contemporary Western culture | |
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| The evolution of culture: genes and memes | |
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| Culture as autonomous | |
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| Culture as a consequence of genotype: culture is a programme for fitness maximisation | |
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| Gene-culture co-evolution | |
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| Cultural evolution as the natural selection of memes or part of gene-meme co-evolution | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Epilogue: The Use and Abuse of Evolutionary Theory | |
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| Evolution and politics: a chequered history | |
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| Race, IQ and intelligence | |
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| A poisoned chalice | |
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| Social Darwinisn and eugenics | |
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| Social Darwinism | |
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| Eugenics | |
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| Evolutionary biology and sexism | |
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| Evolutionary biology and racism | |
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| The limits of nature | |
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| Reductionism and determinism | |
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| The perfectibility of man | |
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| So human an animal | |
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| Fine intentions | |
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| Retrieving our humanity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |