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| Preface | |
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| Biological Roots of Developmental Psychology | |
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| Biology and Psychology | |
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| The Darwinian Legacy | |
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| The Anecdotalists and the Origin of Comparative Psychology | |
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| Some Early Conceptions of Psychological Development | |
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| Principles of Developmental Science | |
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| Dynamic Systems and Development | |
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| Psychobiology | |
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| How Can Biology and Psychology Be Integrated? | |
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| The Two Disciplines | |
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| Current Disciplinary Trends | |
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| The Hazards of the Interdisciplinary Endeavor | |
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| The Lure of Biological Explanations | |
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| Summary | |
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| Biology and Psychology: Problems for a Synthesis | |
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| The Hierarchy of Science | |
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| The Hierarchy | |
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| Some Inversions in the Hierarchy of Biology and Psychology | |
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| Genes and Behavior | |
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| Hormones and Behavior | |
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| Psychoneuroimmunology | |
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| Reductionism | |
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| The Distinction Between Necessary and Sufficient Conditions | |
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| The Usefulness of Reductionism | |
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| Culture-Biology Dualism | |
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| Assumptions Underlying Culture-Biology Dualism | |
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| Culture and Biology Are Separable | |
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| Several Meanings of the Word Biology | |
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| Notions of Developmental Inevitability | |
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| Methodological Consequences of Dualist Assumptions | |
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| The Separation of Culture and Biology | |
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| Reification | |
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| The Biological Imperative | |
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| The Fallacy of Value-Based Scientific Arguments | |
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| The Naturalistic Fallacy | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Beginnings of a Resolution: A Modern Synthesis | |
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| The Concept of Innateness | |
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| The Semantic Confusion | |
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| The Conceptual Confusion | |
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| Keeping Questions Distinct | |
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| Functional Questions | |
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| Function as Separate from Causation | |
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| Causal Questions | |
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| Proximate Causation | |
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| Phylogenetic Causation | |
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| Ontogenetic Causation | |
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| Why Do Birds Sing? | |
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| A Holistic and Epigenetic Approach to Developmental and Comparative Psychology | |
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| Schneirla's Perspective on Development | |
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| The Fusion of Maturation and Experience | |
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| The Concept of Experience | |
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| The Temporal Characteristics of Development | |
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| The Relationship Between Evolution and Development | |
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| Phyletic Levels | |
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| Functional Order | |
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| The Relationship Between the Organism and Its Behavior | |
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| Summary | |
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| Evolution and Development | |
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| The Influence of Darwin and Mendel | |
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| Darwin, Wallace, and the Growth of Evolutionary Thought | |
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| Darwinian Evolution | |
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| Mendel and Differentiating Characters | |
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| The Synthetic Theory | |
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| Sociobiology | |
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| Societies as Adaptations | |
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| The Genetic Measure of Fitness | |
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| Human Sociality | |
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| Problems with the Synthetic Theory | |
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| Organisms as Mosaics of Adapted Traits | |
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| Linear Path from Gene to Trait | |
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| The Niche Concept, Speciation, and Macroevolution | |
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| Alternatives to the Synthetic Theory | |
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| Organism-Environment Coevolution | |
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| The Union of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology | |
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| Evolutionary Ontogenesis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Genetics and Development | |
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| Human Behavioral Genetics | |
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| The Types of Geneticists | |
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| The Origin of the Field of Genetics | |
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| The Search for the Gene | |
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| Methods Of Behavioral Genetic Analysis | |
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| Unifactorial Methods | |
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| Multifactorial Methods | |
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| Heritability | |
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| Twin and Adoption Studies | |
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| Developmental Sources of Variance | |
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| Molecular Genetics And Development | |
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| Genetics and Conception | |
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| Genetics and DNA | |
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| DNA, the Gene, and Proteins | |
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| Transcription and Translation | |
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| Regulation of Gene Expression | |
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| Immediate Early Genes | |
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| Hormones and Their Receptors | |
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| G Proteins | |
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| DNA and Development | |
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| The Concept of Environment in Development | |
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| Genetics And Developmental Psychobiology | |
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| Summary | |
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| Neuroembryology and the Ontogenetic Origins of Behavior | |
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| Embryological Development | |
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| Morphogenesis | |
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| Organicism | |
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| Mechanists | |
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| Genes And Embryology | |
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| Embryology And The Nervous System | |
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| Neuroembryology | |
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| The Number, Movement, Form, and Connectivity of Cells | |
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| Location | |
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| Differentiation | |
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| Survival and Death | |
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| Connectivity | |
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| Regional Patterns Within the Nervous System | |
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| Variations Within And Among Species | |
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| Neuroanatomical Polymorphisms and Reproductive Function | |
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| Speciation and Neuroanatomical Changes | |
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| Neuroanatomy and Function | |
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| Neuroembryology And Behavior | |
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| Summary | |
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| Behavioral Embryology | |
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| Ontogenetic Adaptations | |
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| Features Of Embryonic Neurobehavioral Organization | |
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| Sensory Input and Spontaneous Prenatal Behavior | |
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| Descending Control and Spontaneous Prenatal Behavior | |
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| Inhibition and Spontaneous Prenatal Behavior | |
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| Significance of Spontaneous Fetal Activity | |
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| Fetal Activity as an Epiphenomenon | |
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| Fetal Activity as Preparation for Postnatal Behavior | |
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| Fetal Activity as Ontogenetic Adaptation | |
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| Continuing Questions | |
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| Features Of Neonatal Neurobehavioral Organization | |
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| The Role of Descending Control | |
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| Significance of Spontaneous Neonatal Activity | |
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| Neonatal Activity as an Epiphenomenon | |
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| Neonatal Activity as Preparation | |
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| Neonatal Activity as Ontogenetic Adaptations | |
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| Clinical Implications | |
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| Sources Of Embryonic Experience | |
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| Continuity And Qualitative Change | |
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| Some Special Features Of Mammalian Behavioral Embryology | |
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| Physiological Regulation in Neonates | |
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| The Biosocial to Psychosocial Transition | |
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| Transgenerational Effects of Life Events | |
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| Summary | |
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| Cognitive Development and Developmental Psychobiology | |
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| Maturation And Cognition | |
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| Development Of Infant Motor Skills | |
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| Maturation and Neurobehavioral Elements | |
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| Age of Appearance | |
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| Primitive Reflexes | |
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| Construction from Reflexes | |
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| Gesell's Maturational Theory | |
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| Manual Skills | |
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| Prehension | |
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| Bimanual Coordination and Handedness | |
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| The Development Of Sensorimotor Intelligence During Infancy | |
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| Piaget's Account Of Sensorimotor Intelligence | |
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| Do Infants Have an Adult Cognitive System? | |
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| Neural Development and Infant Intelligence | |
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| Aspects Of Language Development | |
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| Syntactic Theory | |
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| Semantic Theory | |
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| Language as a Communicative Skill | |
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| The Neurology of Language | |
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| Learning And Education | |
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| Summary | |
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| Animal Behavior, Ethology, and Human Development | |
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| Two Orientations To Animal Behavior | |
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| The Natural History Orientation And The Ethological Approach Ethology | |
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| Mechanism and Vitalism | |
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| Natural Selection and Animal Behavior | |
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| The Ethological Approach | |
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| Human Ethology | |
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| Contributions Of The Natural History Orientation To The Study Of Human Development | |
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| Development of New Research Techniques | |
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| Description | |
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| Analysis of Social Behavior | |
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| Clarification of Concepts | |
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| Attachment | |
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| Critical Period | |
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| Aggression | |
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| Abnormal | |
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| Identification of Special Features of Human Development | |
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| Imitation and Teaching | |
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| Play | |
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| Society | |
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| Identification of Issues in Human Development that Need Study | |
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| Self-Stimulation | |
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| New Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| Developmental Psychobiology and the Unification of Behavioral Biology | |
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| Developmental Psychobiology And The Unification Of Behavioral Biology | |
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| The Experimental-Predictive And Historical Styles Of Science | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Name Index | |
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| Subject Index | |