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| List of Maps | |
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| Author's Note | |
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| A Chronology of Japanese History, with an Emphasis on the Middle Ages | |
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| The Curtain Rises | |
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| Japanese Medieval Society | |
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| The Age of the Warriors | |
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| Social Mobility, Revolts, and Growth | |
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| The Sources | |
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| Written Sources | |
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| Other Types of Historical Materials | |
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| The People of Japan | |
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| Social Dynamics in the Late Heian Period | |
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| The Court's Domination of the Provinces | |
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| The Birth of the Warrior Class | |
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| The Regime of the Retired Emperors | |
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| The Rise of the Taira | |
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| The Crisis in the Late Twelfth Century | |
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| War | |
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| Favorable Conditions in the Eastern Provinces | |
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| To the Death for the Estate! | |
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| Establishment of the Bakufu | |
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| Kamakura: The Warrior Regime | |
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| The Rise of the Hojo Family | |
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| The Bakufu and the Vassals | |
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| Governors and Stewards | |
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| The Law and Justice | |
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| The Mongol Invasions and the Culmination of the Kamakura Regime | |
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| Kamakura: A Society of Questions | |
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| The Nobility in Turmoil | |
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| Chomei | |
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| Jien | |
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| The New Buddhists | |
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| Practice or Faith? | |
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| Honen | |
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| Shinran | |
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| The Reaction of Orthodox Buddhism | |
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| Nichiren | |
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| Ippen | |
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| Zen | |
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| The Five Mountains | |
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| The Heike: Evoking the Departed | |
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| Kamakura: A Society in Transformation | |
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| Those Who Lived Off the Land ... | |
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| The Rural Economy | |
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| The Village | |
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| The Rise of Agricultural Production | |
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| Trade in the Countryside | |
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| Emancipation of the Serfs | |
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| ... And Those Who Did Not Live Off the Land | |
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| The "People of the Sea" | |
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| Artisans | |
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| Dancers and Courtesans | |
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| The Pariahs | |
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| Kamakura and Kyoto | |
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| The Second Middle Ages: The Turning Point of the Fourteenth Century | |
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| The Rise of Violence and Tensions in the Regime | |
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| A "Virtuous Government" | |
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| Bandits and People with Strange Customs | |
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| The Evil Parties | |
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| Stone Throwing | |
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| Basara | |
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| War Again: The Fall of the Hojo Regime | |
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| The Kenmu Restoration | |
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| Civil War | |
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| Warriors, Pirates, Peasants, and Priests | |
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| New Governors and Landowner Leagues | |
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| War in the Provinces and the Emergence of Governors | |
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| Landowner Leagues | |
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| The Growth of International Piracy | |
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| The Rise of the Peasantry | |
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| The So | |
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| The Estates in Revolt: Shoke no ikki | |
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| Thoughts and Attitudes: From Theorists to Organizers | |
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| History As Seen by Kitabatake Chikafusa | |
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| Return to Conservatism in the New Buddhism | |
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| Zen of the Five Mountains | |
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| The Splendor and Misery of the Muromachi Century: The Culmination of the Ashikaga and the Development of Trade | |
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| The Political Cadres: Stability and Then Failure in the Ashikaga Shogunal Regime | |
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| Growth in International Trade | |
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| Okinawa: "A Bridge Between Countries" | |
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| Domestic Trade in the Archipelago: Guilds and Moneylenders | |
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| Kinai at the Heart of a Prosperous Economy | |
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| Lake Biwa and Omi Province | |
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| From Kyoto to Hyogo | |
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| The Splendor and Misery of the Muromachi Century: New Uprisings, New Culture | |
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| The Do-ikki: Cultivator Disputes | |
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| The Terrible Onin War (1467-77) | |
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| New Forms of Sociability and Art | |
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| Conditions for Art Production: Sponsorship and Discrimination | |
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| "Companions" and Ji Monks | |
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| Kawara Society | |
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| A New Art of Living: The Chinese Style and the Creation of a "Japanese" Style | |
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| The Sengoku Period: Communes, Religious Leagues, and Neighborhood Associations | |
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| Overview of the Years 1480-1570 | |
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| The Quest for Autonomy: Village "Communes" | |
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| Sokoku: Regional Communes | |
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| The Yamashiro Uprising | |
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| The Iga Commune | |
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| "We Who Have Faith": The Ikko Leagues | |
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| Urban Autonomy and Self-Defense | |
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| The Machishu | |
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| The Lotus Leagues | |
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| Sakai | |
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| The Sengoku Period: Warlords Seeking Power | |
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| The Collapse of the Shogunal Regime | |
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| Warlords: Two Examples | |
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| The Hojo Lords | |
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| The Imagawa Lords | |
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| What Is a Warlord? | |
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| The New Vassalage: "A Strong Army" | |
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| The New Organization: "A Rich Country" | |
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| Reflections on Japanese Feudalism | |
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| Creating a New Order | |
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| Notes | |
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| Glossary of Japanese Words and Names | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |