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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Conventions | |
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| Symbols and Abbreviations | |
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| Prologue: Observations of Sperm Whale Societies | |
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| The Sperm Whale: An Animal of Extremes | |
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| Social Complexity in the Ocean | |
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| Evolutionary History of the Sperm Whale | |
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| Morphology: What Does the Sperm Whale Look Like? | |
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| The Peculiar Anatomy of the Sperm Whale: The Spermaceti Organ | |
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| The Lives and Populations of Sperm Whales | |
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| Sperm Whales and Humans | |
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| The Sperm Whale in Print | |
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| What Is Social Structure, and How Is It Studied in Sperm Whales? | |
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| What Is Culture, and How Is It Studied in Sperm Whales? | |
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| What Do We Know and What Don't We Know about Sperm Whale Societies? | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Oceanic Habitat of the Sperm Whale | |
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| Spatio-Temporal Structure of the Ocean | |
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| Oceanographic Habitat of the Sperm Whale | |
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| The Diet of the Sperm Whale: The Walnut, the Pea, and the Half-Pound Steak | |
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| An Alternative View of the Sperm Whale Diet: The Picky Eater | |
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| The Sperm Whale and Its Competitors | |
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| The Ecological Role of the Sperm Whale | |
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| Feeding Success of the Sperm Whale | |
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| Intraspecific Competition | |
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| Natural Enemies | |
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| Attack, Defense, and Escape in the Ocean | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Sperm Whale: On the Move through an Ocean | |
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| Why Movement Is Crucial | |
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| Vertical Movements: The Sperm Whale's Dive | |
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| Costs and Benefits of Vertical Movement | |
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| Horizontal Movements of Females and Immatures | |
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| Movements of Males | |
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| Movements of Other Oceanic and Terrestrial Animals | |
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| Costs and Benefits of Horizontal Movement | |
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| How Fast Should a Sperm Whale Swim? | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sperm Whale Populations | |
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| Geographic Structure | |
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| The Sizes of Sperm Whale Populations | |
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| Methods of Assessing Sperm Whale Populations | |
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| Population Parameters | |
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| Population Dynamics | |
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| Changes in Sperm Whale Populations off the Galapagos Islands, 1985-2002 | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sperm Whale Behavior and Vocalizations | |
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| Measuring Behavior | |
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| Vocalizations | |
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| Are Sperm Whale Clicks Echolocation? | |
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| Measures of Sperm Whale Behavior | |
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| Modes of Behavior | |
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| Foraging | |
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| Socializing | |
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| Aerial Behavior (and Other Peculiar Activities) | |
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| Birthing | |
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| Behavior of the Calf | |
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| Defense against Predators | |
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| Interactions between Sperm Whales and Killer Whales | |
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| Stranding | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sperm Whale Societies | |
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| Social Scales | |
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| Concentrations | |
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| Aggregations | |
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| Groups | |
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| The Problems of Estimating Group Size | |
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| Social Units | |
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| Delineating Social Units | |
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| Genetic Structure of Groups and Units | |
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| The Functions of Groups and Units | |
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| A Week in the Life of a Sperm Whale Group | |
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| The Cluster | |
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| Care of the Calf | |
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| The Social Male? | |
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| Mating Systems | |
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| An Observation of Two Male Sperm Whales Fighting | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sperm Whale Cultures | |
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| The Quest for Sperm Whale Culture | |
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| Coda Dialects of Units and Clans | |
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| Describing and Comparing Coda Repertoires | |
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| Sperm Whale Clans of the South Pacific | |
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| Nonvocal Cultural Traits of Sperm Whales | |
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| Low Mitochondrial DNA Diversity and Culture: Cultural Hitchhiking | |
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| Summary | |
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| Social and Cultural Evolution in the Ocean | |
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| Evolution to Extremes | |
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| The Function and Evolution of a Big Nose | |
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| The Spermaceti Organ: A Buoyancy Control Device or a Battering Ram? | |
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| The Function and Evolution of a Large Brain | |
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| Sperm Whales and Other Deep Divers | |
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| The Colossal Convergence: Sperm Whales and Elephants | |
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| K-Selection, Sociality, and Ecological Success | |
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| Social Evolution of Female Sperm Whales: Facing the Predators | |
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| The Lives of Males | |
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| Sexual Segregation | |
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| Social Evolution in the Open Ocean | |
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| Cultural Evolution in the Ocean | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sperm Whales and the Future | |
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| Ghosts of Past Whaling | |
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| The New Threats to Sperm Whales | |
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| Studying Sperm Whales in the Future | |
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| The Nature and Future of the Sperm Whale | |
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| Summary | |
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| How We Study the Sperm Whale | |
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| Examining Carcasses | |
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| Studying Living Animals | |
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| Photoidentification and Photographic Measurement: The Key to Individuals | |
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| Quantifying Sounds | |
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| Unraveling Genes | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |