| |
| |
| List of Illustrations | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Science and Its Origins What Is Science? | |
| |
| |
| Prehistoric Attitudes toward Nature Babylonian and Egyptian Science | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Greeks and the Cosmos | |
| |
| |
| The World of Homer and Hesiod | |
| |
| |
| The First Greek Philosophers | |
| |
| |
| The Milesians and the Question of Ultimate Reality | |
| |
| |
| The Problem of Change | |
| |
| |
| The Problem of Knowledge Plato's World of Forms Plato's Cosmology | |
| |
| |
| The Achievement of Early Greek Philosophy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aristotle's Philosophy of Nature Life and Works Metaphysics and Epistemology Nature and Change Cosmology Motion | |
| |
| |
| Terrestrial and Celestial Aristotle as a Biologist Aristotle's Achievement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hellenistic Natural Philosophy Schools and Education | |
| |
| |
| The Lyceum after Aristotle Epicureans and Stoics | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Mathematical Sciences in Antiquity | |
| |
| |
| The Application of Mathematics to Nature Greek | |
| |
| |
| Mathematics Early Greek Astronomy Cosmological | |
| |
| |
| Developments Hellenistic Planetary Astronomy | |
| |
| |
| The Science of Optics | |
| |
| |
| The Science of Weights | |
| |
| |
| |
| Greek and Roman Medicine | |
| |
| |
| Early Greek Medicine Hippocratic Medicine Hellenistic | |
| |
| |
| Anatomy and Physiology Hellenistic | |
| |
| |
| Medical Sects Galen and the Culmination of Hellenistic Medicine | |
| |
| |
| |
| Roman and Early Medieval Science | |
| |
| |
| Greeks and Romans Popularizers and Encyclopedists Translations | |
| |
| |
| The Role of Christianity Roman and Early Medieval Education | |
| |
| |
| Two Early Medieval Natural Philosophers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Science in Islam Learning and Science in Byzantium | |
| |
| |
| The Eastward Diffusion of Greek Science | |
| |
| |
| The Birth, Expansion, and Hellenization of Islam Translation of Greek Science into Arabic | |
| |
| |
| The Islamic Response to Greek Science | |
| |
| |
| The Islamic Scientific Achievement | |
| |
| |
| The Decline of Islamic Science | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Revival of Learning in the West | |
| |
| |
| The Middle Ages Carolingian Reforms | |
| |
| |
| The Schools of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries Natural Philosophy in the Twelfth-Century Schools | |
| |
| |
| The Translation Movement | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Universities | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Recovery and Assimilation of Greek and Islamic Science | |
| |
| |
| The New Learning Aristotle in the University Curriculum Points of Conflict Resolution | |
| |
| |
| Science as Handmaiden Radical Aristotelianism and the Condemnations of 1270 and 1277 | |
| |
| |
| The Relations of Philosophy and Theology after 1277 | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Medieval Cosmos | |
| |
| |
| The Structure of the Cosmos | |
| |
| |
| The Heavens | |
| |
| |
| The Terrestrial Region | |
| |
| |
| The Greek and Islamic Background to Western Astronomy | |
| |
| |
| Astronomy in the West Astrology | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Physics of the Sublunar Region Matter, Form, and Substance Combination and Mixture Alchemy Change and Motion | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Motion | |
| |
| |
| The Mathematical Description of Motion | |
| |
| |
| The Dynamics of Local Motion | |
| |
| |
| The Quantification of Dynamics | |
| |
| |
| The Science of Optics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Medieval Medicine and Natural History | |
| |
| |
| The Medical Tradition of the Early Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| The Transformation of Western Medicine Medical Practitioners | |
| |
| |
| Medicine in the Universities Disease, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy Anatomy and Surgery Development of the Hospital Natural History | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Legacy of Ancient and Medieval Science | |
| |
| |
| The Continuity Debate | |
| |
| |
| The Medieval Scientific Achievement | |
| |
| |
| Notes | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Index | |