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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Models of Health and Health Policy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Highlights | |
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| References | |
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| National Health and Mental Health Policy in the United States | |
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| The Failure to Enact National Health Insurance: 1865-1946 | |
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| Early Efforts to Reform National Health and Mental Health Care: 1865-1912 | |
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| Compulsory Health Insurance Efforts: 1912-1920 | |
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| Federal-State Reforms and Private Insurance: 1920-1932 | |
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| The New Deal Reforms: 1932-1940 | |
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| Federal Health and Mental Health Policy and Services: 1941-1946 | |
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| Highlights | |
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| References | |
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| The Emergence of Employment-Based Insurance and Managed Care: 1943 to the Present | |
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| The Defeat of National Health Care Legislation: 1943-1949 | |
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| The Enactment of Medicare: 1950-1965 | |
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| Health Care Inflation and Strategies for Reform: 1970-1988 | |
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| The Creation and Role of Community Mental Health Centers: 1963-1992 | |
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| The Decline of Community Mental Health: 1980-1992 | |
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| The Rise and Fall of the Health Security Act: 1988-1996 | |
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| The Aftermath of the Health Security Act: 1995-2003 | |
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| Reform During the Bush Years | |
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| Prospects for Reform Under Obama | |
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| United States Health Care Costs in International Perspective | |
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| Highlights | |
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| References | |
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| The U.S. Health Care System Today | |
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| Access to Care | |
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| Health Insurance Coverage in the United States | |
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| Health Insurance and Utilization of Services | |
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| Improving Access to Health Care | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| The Growth, Development, and Future of Managed Care | |
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| The Health Maintenance Act of 1973 | |
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| From HMOs to Managed Care | |
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| From Managed Care to Managed Competition | |
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| Managed-Care Backlash | |
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| Managed Care and Medicare | |
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| Managed Care and Medicaid | |
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| Managed Behavioral Health Care | |
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| The Future of Managed Care | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| Medicare and Medicaid | |
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| Medicare | |
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| Medicaid | |
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| Medicare Milestones | |
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| Medicaid/CHIP Milestones | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| At-Risk and Underserved Populations | |
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| Disparities in Health: People of Color | |
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| Defining Risk | |
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| Measuring Health Disparities | |
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| African Americans | |
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| Latina/os (Hispanics) | |
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| Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders | |
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| Native Americans | |
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| Racial Differences in the Delivery of Medical Care | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| Disparities in Health: Gender and Age-Based Differences | |
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| Women and Infants | |
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| Children and Adolescents | |
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| Older Adults | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| New Directions for Health and Health Policy | |
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| Looking Beyond Health Care | |
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| What Determines Good Health? | |
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| Implications for Change | |
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| Highlights | |
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| Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information | |
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| References | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |