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| Literature and the Writing Process, Backpack Edition, 1/E | |
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| Contents | |
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| Preface | |
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| Composing: An Overview | |
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| The Prewriting Process | |
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| Reading for Writing | |
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| James Joyce, "Eveline" | |
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| Who Are My Readers? | |
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| Why Am I Writing? | |
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| What Ideas Should I Use? | |
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| Discovering and Developing Ideas | |
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| What Point Should I Make? | |
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| How Do I Find the Theme? | |
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| The Writing Process | |
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| How Should I Organize My Ideas? | |
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| Arguing Your Interpretation | |
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| Developing with Details | |
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| Maintaining a Critical Focus | |
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| How Should I Begin? | |
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| How Should I End? | |
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| Composing the First Draft | |
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| Quoting from Your Sources | |
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| Sample Student Paper: First Draft | |
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| Writing a Convincing Argument | |
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| Interpreting and Arguing | |
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| Organizing Your Argument | |
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| Sample Student Essay | |
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| Dagoberto Gilb, "Love in L.A." | |
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| The Rewriting Process | |
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| What Is Revision? | |
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| Getting Feedback: Peer Review | |
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| What Should I Add or Take Out? | |
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| What Should I Rearrange? | |
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| Does It Flow? | |
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| What Is Editing? | |
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| What Sentences Should I Combine? | |
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| Rearranging for Emphasis and Variety | |
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| Which Words Should I Change? | |
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| What Is Proofreading? | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Final Draft | |
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| Researched Writing | |
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| Using Library Source in Your Writing | |
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| Conducting Your Research | |
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| Working with Sources | |
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| Writing a First Draft | |
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| Rewriting and Editing | |
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| Sample Documented Student Paper | |
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| Explanation of the MLA Documentation Style | |
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| Writing About Short Fiction | |
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| How Do I Read Short Fiction? | |
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| Notice the Structure | |
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| Consider Point of View and Setting | |
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| Study the Characters | |
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| Look for Specialized Literary Techniques | |
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| Examine the Title | |
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| Investigate the Author's Life and Times | |
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| Continue Questioning to Discover Theme | |
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| Chart 6-1 Critical Questions for Reading the Short Story | |
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| Writing About Structure | |
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| What Is Structure? | |
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| How Do I Discover Structure? | |
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| Looking at Structure | |
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| Tim O'Brien, "The Things They Carried" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Finding Patterns | |
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| Writing | |
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| Grouping Details | |
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| Relating Details to Theme | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Integrating Quotations Gracefully | |
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| Exercise on Integrating Quotations | |
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| Writing About Imagery and Symbolism | |
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| What Are Images? | |
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| What Are Symbols? | |
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| Archetypal Symbols | |
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| Phallic and Yonic Symbols | |
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| How Will I Recognize Symbols? | |
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| Reference Works on Symbols | |
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| Looking at Images and Symbols | |
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| Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Interpreting Symbols | |
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| Writing | |
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| Producing a Workable Thesis | |
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| Exercise on Thesis Statements | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Sharpening the Introduction | |
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| Sample Student Paper on Symbolism: Second and Final Drafts | |
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| Writing About Point of View | |
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| What Is Point of View? | |
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| Describing Point of View | |
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| Looking at Point of View | |
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| Alice Walker, "Everyday Use" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Analyzing Point of View | |
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| Writing | |
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| Relating Point of View to Theme | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Sharpening the Conclusion | |
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| Writing About Setting and Atmosphere | |
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| What Are Setting and Atmosphere? | |
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| Looking at Setting and Atmosphere | |
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| Tobias Wolff, "Hunters in the Snow" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Prewriting Exercise | |
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| Writing | |
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| Discovering an Organization | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting: Organization and Style | |
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| Checking Your Organization | |
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| Improving the Style: Balanced Sentences | |
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| Sentence Modeling Exercise | |
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| Writing About Theme | |
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| What Is Theme? | |
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| Looking at Theme | |
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| Flannery O'Connor, "Good Country People" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Figuring Out Theme | |
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| Stating the Theme | |
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| Writing | |
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| Choosing Supporting Details | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Achieving Coherence | |
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| Checking for Coherence | |
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| Editing: Improving Connections | |
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| Repeat Words and Synonyms | |
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| Try Parallel Structure | |
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| Anthology of Short Fiction | |
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| Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) | |
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| "The Birthmark" | |
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| Kate Chopin (1851-1904) | |
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| "The Story of an Hour" | |
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| Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941) | |
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| "Hands" | |
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| D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) | |
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| "The Rocking-Horse Winner" | |
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| William Faulkner (1897-1962) | |
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| "A Rose for Emily" | |
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| Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) | |
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| "Hills Like White Elephants" | |
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| John Steinbeck (1902-1968) | |
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| "The Chrysanthemums" | |
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| Richard Wright (1908-1960) | |
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| "The Man Who Was Almost a Man" | |
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| Eudora Welty (1909-2001) | |
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| "Why I Live at the P. O." | |
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| Tillie Olsen (1913-2007) | |
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| "I Stand Here Ironing" | |
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| Hisaye Yamamoto (1921- ) | |
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| "Seventeen Syllables" | |
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| John Updike (1932-2009) | |
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| "A & P" | |
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| Joyce Carol Oates (1928- ) | |
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| "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?" | |
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| Raymond Carver (1938-1988) | |
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| "What We Talk about When We Talk about Love" | |
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| Toni Cade Bambara (1939-1995) | |
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| "The Lesson" | |
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| Bharati Mukherjee (1940- ) | |
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| "A Father" | |
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| Louise Erdrich (1954- ) | |
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| "The Red Convertible " | |
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| Writing About Poetry | |
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| How Do I Read Poetry? | |
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| Get the Literal Meaning First: Paraphrase | |
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| Make Associations for Meaning | |
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| Chart 12-1 Critical Questions for Reading Poetry | |
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| Writing About Persona and Tone | |
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| Who Is Speaking? | |
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| What Is Tone? | |
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| Recognizing Verbal Irony | |
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| Describing Tone | |
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| Looking at Persona and Tone | |
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| Theodore Roethke, "My Papa's Waltz" | |
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| Thomas Hardy, "The Ruined Maid" | |
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| W. H. Auden, "The Unknown Citizen" | |
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| Edmund Waller, "Go, Lovely Rose" | |
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| Dorothy Parker, "One Perfect Rose" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Asking Questions About the Speaker in "My Papa's Waltz" | |
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| Devising a Thesis | |
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| Describing the Tone in "The Ruined Maid" | |
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| Discovering a Thesis | |
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| Describing the Tone in "The Unknown Citizen" | |
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| Discovering a Thesis | |
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| Discovering Tone in "Go, Lovely Rose" | |
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| Discovering Tone in "One Perfect Rose" | |
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| Writing | |
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| Explicating and Analyzing | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Editing | |
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| Quoting Poetry in Essays | |
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| Sample Student Response on Persona and Tone | |
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| Analyzing the Student Response | |
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| Writing About Poetic Language | |
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| What Do the Words Suggest? | |
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| Connotation and Denotation | |
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| Figures of Speech | |
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| Metaphor and Simile | |
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| Personification | |
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| Imagery | |
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| Symbol | |
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| Paradox | |
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| Oxymoron | |
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| Looking at Poetic Language | |
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| Walt Whitman, "A Noiseless Patient Spider" | |
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| William Shakespeare, "Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?" | |
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| Kay Ryan, "Turtle" | |
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| Hayden Carruth, "In the Long Hall" | |
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| Donald Hall, "My Son My Executioner" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Examining Poetic Language | |
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| Writing | |
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| Comparing and Contrasting | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Responsive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting: Style | |
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| Choosing Vivid, Descriptive Terms | |
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| Finding Lively Words | |
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| Exercise on Diction | |
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| Sample Student Paper on Poetic Language: Second and Final Drafts | |
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| Comparison Exercise | |
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| Writing About Poetic Form | |
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| What Are the Forms of Poetry? | |
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| Rhythm and Rhyme | |
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| Chart 15-1 Rhythm and Meter in Poetry | |
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| Alliteration, Assonance, and Consonance | |
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| Exercise on Poetic Form | |
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| Stanzas: Closed and Open Form | |
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| Poetic Syntax | |
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| Visual Poetry | |
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| Looking at the Forms of Poetry | |
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| Gwendolyn Brooks, "We Real Cool" | |
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| A. E. Housman, "Eight O'Clock" | |
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| E. E. Cummings, "anyone lived in a pretty how town" | |
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| Wole Soyinka, "Telephone Conversation" | |
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| Robert Frost, "The Silken Tent" | |
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| Billy Collins, "Sonnet" | |
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| Roger McGough, "40-----Love" | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Experimenting with Poetic Forms | |
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| Writing | |
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| Relating Form to Meaning | |
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| Ideas for Writing | |
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| Ideas for Expressive Writing | |
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| Ideas for Critical Writing | |
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| Ideas for Researched Writing | |
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| Rewriting: Style | |
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| Finding the Exact Word | |
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| Exercises on Diction | |
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| Sample Student Paper on Poetic Form | |
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| Anthology of Poetry | |
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| William Shakespeare (1564-1616) | |
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| "That Time of Year Thou Mayst in Me Behold" | |
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| John Donne (1572-1631) | |
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| "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" | |
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| Andrew Marvell (1621-1678) | |
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| "To His Coy Mistress" | |
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| John Keats (1795-1821) | |
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| "Ode on a Grecian Urn" | |
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| Walt Whitman (1819-1892) | |
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| "Song of Myself" (Section 11) | |
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| Matthew Arnold (1822-1888) | |
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| "Dover Beach" | |
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| Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) | |
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| "Because I Could Not Stop for Death" | |
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| "Wild Nights���Wild Nights!" | |
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| A. E. Housman (1859-1936) | |
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| "To an Athlete Dying Young" | |
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| William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) | |
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| "Sailing to Byzantium" | |
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| Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869-1935) | |
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| "Richard Cory" | |
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| Robert Frost (1874-1963) | |
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| "Design" | |
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| D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) | |
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| "Piano" | |
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| T. S. Eliot (1888-1965) | |
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| "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" | |
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| Claude McKay (1890-1948) | |
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| "America" | |
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| Jean Toomer (1894-1967) | |
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| "Reapers" | |
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| Langston Hughes (1902-1967) | |
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| "Harlem (A Dream Deferred)" | |
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| "Theme for English B" | |
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| Stevie Smith (1902-1971) | |
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| "Not Waving but Drowning" | |
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| Countee Cullen (1903-1946) | |
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| "Incident" | |
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| Theodore Roethke (1908-1963) | |
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| "I Knew a Woman" | |
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| Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979) | |
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| "One Art" | |
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| May Sarton (1912-1995) | |
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| "AIDS" | |
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| Octavio Paz (1914-1998) | |
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| "The Street" | |
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| Dudley Randall (1914-2000) | |
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| "Ballad of Birmingham" | |
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| Dylan Thomas (1914-1953) | |
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| "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night" | |
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| Gwendolyn Brooks (1917- 2000) | |
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| "The Bean Eaters" | |
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| Anne Sexton (1928-1974) | |
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| "You All Know the Story of the Other Woman" | |
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| Adrienne Rich (1929- ) | |
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| "Aunt Jennifer's Tigers" | |
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| Sylvia Plath (1932-1963) | |
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| "Mirror" | |
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| John Updike (1932-2009) | |
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| "Ex-Basketball Player" | |
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| Marge Piercy (1936- ) | |
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| "Barbie Doll" | |
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| Lucille Clifton (1936- ) | |
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| "homage to my hips" | |
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| Seamus Heaney (1939- ) | |
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| "Digging" | |
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| Billy Collins (1941- ) | |
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| "Introduction to Poetry" | |
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| Susan Ludvigson (1942- ) | |
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| "Inventing My Parents" | |
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| Sharon Olds (1942- ) | |
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| "Sex Without Love" | |
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| Gina Valdes (1943- ) | |
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| "My Mother Sews Blouses" | |
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| Rita Dove (1952- ) | |
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| "Daystar" | |
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| Alberto Rüos (1952- ) | |
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| "In Second Grade Miss Lee I Promised Never to Forget You and I Never Did" | |
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| Jimmy Santiago Baca (1952- ) | |
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| "There Are Black" | |
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| Judith Ortiz Cofer (1952- ) | |
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| "Latin Women Pray" | |
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| Dorianne Laux (1952- ) | |
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| "What I Wouldn't Do" | |
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| Martün Espada (1957- ) | |
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| "Bully" | |
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| Paired Poems for Comparison | |
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| Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) | |
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| "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love" | |
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| Sir Walter Raleigh (1552?-1618) | |
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| "The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd" | |
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| Robert Browning (1812-1889) | |
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| "My Last Duchess" | |
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| Gabriel Spera (1966- ) | |
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| "My Ex-Husband" | |
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| Robert Hayden (1913-1980) | |
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| "Those Winter Sundays" | |
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| George Bilgere (1951- ) | |
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| "Like Riding a Bicycle" | |
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| A Portfolio of War Poetry | |
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| Richard Lovelace (1618-1657) | |
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| "To Lucasta, on Going to the Wars" | |
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| Stephen Crane (1871-1900) | |
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| "War Is Kind" | |
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| Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) | |
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| "Dulce et Decorum Est" | |
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| E. E. Cummings (1894-1962) | |
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| "next to of course god america i" | |
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| Peg Lauber (1938- ) | |
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| "Six National Guardsmen Blown Up Together" | |
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| Yusef Komunyakaa (1947- ) | |
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| "Facing It" | |
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| Dwight Okita (1958- ) | |
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| "In Response to Executive Order 9066" | |
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| Writing About Drama | |
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| How Do I Read a Play? | |
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| Listen to the Lines | |
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| Visualize the Scene | |
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| Envision the Action | |