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Tables and Figures | |
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Preface | |
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Abbreviations and Acronyms | |
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France: The Historical and Constitutional Background | |
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The Legacy of the Revolution | |
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The Rise and Fall of the Fourth Republic | |
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The Sources and Nature of the Fifth Republic Constitution | |
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Constitutional Interpretation and Adaptation | |
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The Economic and Social Context | |
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Economic Development | |
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Population Growth | |
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Industrial Modernization and Globalization | |
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Social Classes and Mobility | |
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Religion, Culture, and Citizenship | |
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Immigration, Naturalization, and Integration | |
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Ethnocultural Challenges | |
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The Educational System | |
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Democratizing and Modernizing the School System | |
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Research, Science, and Cultural Policy | |
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The Position of Women | |
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Political Attitudes | |
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Civic-Mindedness and Incivisme | |
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Verbal and Practical Behavior | |
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The Street as a Political Arena | |
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Conceptions of the State | |
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National Identity | |
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Political Parties and Elections | |
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The Political Left: The Socialist Party | |
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The Communists | |
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The Political Right: The Evolution of Gaullism From the RPR to the UMP | |
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The Political "Center": From Classic Provincialism to the UDF | |
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The Old Center | |
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The Elections of 1974 and the Emergence of Giscardo-Centrism | |
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The Left in Power: 1981 and After | |
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Rotations: Opposition Challenges to Incumbents, 1986-1995 | |
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The Right and Center in Opposition | |
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The Rise of the National Front | |
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The Parliamentary Election of 1986: Introduction to Power Sharing | |
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The Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of 1988 | |
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The Greens | |
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The Parliamentary Elections of 1993: The Confusion and Collapse of the Left | |
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The Victory of the Right | |
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The Marginalization of the Environmentalists and the Containment of the Extreme Right | |
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The Chirac Era | |
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The Presidential Elections of 1995: Antecedents and Consequences | |
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The Parliamentary Elections of 1997: Refragmentation | |
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The Elections of 2002: Toward a Return to Bipolarity | |
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The lections of 2007 | |
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The Functional Relevance of Political Parties | |
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Unnatural Alliances | |
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Political Wanderings | |
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The Place of Ideology | |
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Voters' Choices, Programs, and Personalities | |
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The Electoral System: Its Impact on Parties and Voting Behavior | |
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Political Fringe Groups, Clubs, and Movements | |
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Summary and Conclusion | |
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Interest Groups | |
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Trade Unions | |
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Business Associations | |
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Agriculture | |
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Students and Teachers | |
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Miscellaneous Interest Groups | |
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The Access and Input of Interest Groups | |
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Pluralist, Corporatist, and Other Models of Interest-Group Politics | |
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Instruments and Patterns of Decision Making: The Executive | |
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The Position of the President | |
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The Prime Ministers | |
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Cohabitation I: Precedent-Setting Pattern or Political Parenthesis? | |
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Cohabitation II: A "Civilized" Waiting Game | |
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Cohabitation III: Co-Decision Making or a Neo-Parliamentary Regime? | |
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The Government | |
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The Construction and Reshuffling of Cabinets | |
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The Executive and Parliament | |
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Emergency Powers | |
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The President and Charisma | |
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Instruments and Patterns of Decision Making: The Parliament | |
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Parliament in the Fifth Republic | |
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The Committee System | |
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The Senate | |
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Limits on Parliamentary Decision Making | |
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The Constitutional Council | |
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Questions and Censure Motions | |
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The Incompatibility Rule | |
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The Role of the Deputy | |
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The Administrative System | |
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Background, Structure, and Recruitment | |
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The Political Complexion of Civil Servants | |
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Controls over the Civil Service | |
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Subnational Administration | |
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The Commune | |
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Administrative Reform and Decentralization | |
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The Reforms of 1981-1983 | |
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The Administration of Paris | |
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Corsica and Overseas Territories | |
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Functional Decentralization | |
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Law, Justice, and Civil Liberties | |
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The Judicial System | |
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Justice and the Democratic State | |
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The Legal Protection of Aliens and Minorities | |
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The Police | |
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Freedom of Expression | |
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Political Changes and Public Policies | |
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Economic Policy from the Liberation to the Giscard Presidency | |
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The Experiment with Capitalist Planning | |
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Economic Policy Under the Mitterrand Presidency | |
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The Politics of Austerity | |
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The First Chirac Government and the Politics of Neoliberalism | |
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The Governments of Rocard, Cresson, and B�r�govoy: The Limits of Socialism | |
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The Balladur Government: Redressement and Rigueur | |
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Economic Policy Under the Chirac Presidency | |
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The Jupp� Plan | |
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The Jospin Government: Squaring the Circle | |
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Raffarin's Policies: Pressures and Constraints | |
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The Villepin Interlude: Economic patriotism | |
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Sarkozy's Ambitions and Prospects | |
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Aspects of Foreign Policy | |
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France and Europe | |
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Constitutional and Institutional Issues: Conclusions | |
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Index | |