| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
How to Read a Document | |
| |
| |
| |
The Origins of Western Civilization and the Classical World | |
| |
| |
Creation Epics | |
| |
| |
| |
The Epic of Gilgamesh (ca. 2000 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Creation Epic (ca. 2000 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Book of Genesis (ca. 10th-6th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Hesiod, Works and Days (ca. 700 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
The Ancient Near East | |
| |
| |
| |
Code of Hammurabi (early 18th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Book of the Dead (ca. 16th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Book of Exodus (ca. 10th-6th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Book of Isaiah (ca. 8th-6th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
Ancient and Classical Greece | |
| |
| |
| |
Homer, Iliad (9th-8th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Sappho of Lesbos, Poems (ca. 600 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War (ca. 400 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Xenophon, The Spartan Constitution (ca. 360 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Plato, Apology (399 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Plato, The Republic (ca. 327 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Aristotle, Politics (4th century B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Plutarch, The Life of Alexander (ca. C.E. 116) | |
| |
| |
The Roman World | |
| |
| |
| |
Polybius, The Roman Constitution (ca. 150 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Cicero, The Trial of Aulus Cluentius Habitus (66 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Virgil, Aeneid (30-19 B.C.E.) | |
| |
| |
| |
Juvenal, Satires (ca. C.E. 116) | |
| |
| |
| |
Plutarch, The Life of Cato the Elder (ca. C.E. 116) | |
| |
| |
| |
Suetonius, The Life of Augustus (ca. C.E. 122) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Sermon on the Mount (ca. C.E. 28-35) | |
| |
| |
| |
St. Paul, Epistle to the Romans (ca. C.E. 57) | |
| |
| |
| |
Medieval Europe | |
| |
| |
The Early Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| |
Tacitus, Germania (98) | |
| |
| |
| |
Eusebius, In Praise of Constantine (336) | |
| |
| |
| |
Augustine of Hippo, The City of God (413-426) | |
| |
| |
| |
Benedict of Nursia, Rule of Saint Benedict (ca. 535-540) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Burgundian Code (ca. 474) | |
| |
| |
| |
Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks (ca. 581-591) | |
| |
| |
| |
Bede, The Ecclesiastical History of England (731) | |
| |
| |
| |
Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne (ca. 829-836) | |
| |
| |
Islam and the Eastern Empire | |
| |
| |
| |
Justinian, Code (529-565) | |
| |
| |
| |
Procopius, Secret History (ca. 560) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Koran (7th century) | |
| |
| |
| |
Michael Psellus, Chronographia (ca. 1075-1077) | |
| |
| |
| |
Ibn Al-Qalanisi, The Damascus Chronicle (ca. 1150) | |
| |
| |
| |
Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad (after 733) | |
| |
| |
The High Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| |
Feudad Documents (11th-13th centuries) | |
| |
| |
| |
Bernard of Angers, Miracles of St. Foy (ca. 1010) | |
| |
| |
| |
Fulcher of Chartres, The First Crusade and the Siege of Jerusalem (1101-1127) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Song of Roland (ca. 1100) | |
| |
| |
| |
Magna Carta (1215) | |
| |
| |
| |
Francis of Assisi, Admonitions (ca. 1220) | |
| |
| |
| |
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica (1266-1273) | |
| |
| |
| |
Dante, The Divine Comedy (ca. 1320) | |
| |
| |
| |
Catherine of Siena, Letters (1376) | |
| |
| |
| |
Christine de Pisan, The Book of the City of Ladies (ca. 1405) | |
| |
| |
| |
Margaret Paston, Letters (1441-1448) | |
| |
| |
| |
Witchcraft Documents (15th century) | |
| |
| |
| |
Renaissance and Reformation | |
| |
| |
The Renaissance | |
| |
| |
| |
Francesco Petrarca, Letters (ca. 1372) | |
| |
| |
| |
Leon Battista Alberti, On the Family (1435-1444) | |
| |
| |
| |
Giorgio Vasari, The Life of Leonardo da Vinci (1550) | |
| |
| |
| |
Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince (1513) | |
| |
| |
| |
Desiderius Erasmus, In Praise of Folly (1509) | |
| |
| |
| |
Sir Thomas More, Utopia (1516) | |
| |
| |
The New Worlds | |
| |
| |
| |
Christopher Columbus, Letter from the First Voyage (1493) | |
| |
| |
| |
Ludovico di Varthema, Travels (ca. 1508) | |
| |
| |
| |
Gomes de Zurara, Chronicle of Guinea (1453) | |
| |
| |
| |
Bartolome de Las Casas, Apologetic History of the Indies (1566) | |
| |
| |
| |
Bernal Diaz, The True history of the Conquest of New Spain (1552-1568) | |
| |
| |
| |
Juan Gonzalez de Mendoza, The History of the Great and Mightie Kingdom of China (1585) | |
| |
| |
Religious Reform | |
| |
| |
| |
Martin Luther, The Freedom of a Christian (1520) and Of Marriage and Celibacy (1566) | |
| |
| |
| |
John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion (1534) and Catechism (ca. 1540) | |
| |
| |
| |
Ignatius Loyola, Spiritual Exercises (1548) | |
| |
| |
| |
Teresa of Avila, The Life of St. Teresa (1611) | |
| |
| |
The Early Modern World | |
| |
| |
| |
Anonymous, Lazarillo de Tormes (1554) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Twelve Articles of the Peasants of Swabia (1524); Martin Luther, Admonition to Peace (1525) | |
| |
| |
| |
Francis Xavier, Letter from India (1543) | |
| |
| |
| |
Marguerite de Navarre, Heptameron (1558) | |
| |
| |
| |
Philippe Duplessis-Mornay, A Defense of Liberty Against Tyrants (1579) | |
| |
| |
| |
Magdalena and Balthasar Paumgartner, Letters (1592-1596) | |
| |
| |
| |
Anonymous, The Debate About Women: Hic Mulier and Haec Vir (1620) | |
| |
| |
| |
The Ancien Regime | |
| |
| |
The Wars of Religion | |
| |
| |
| |
Henry IV, The Edict of Nantes (1598) | |
| |
| |
| |
Cardinal Richelieu, The Political Testament (1638) | |
| |
| |
| |
Hans von Grimmelshausen, Simplicissimus (1669) | |
| |
| |
Subjects and Sovereigns | |
| |
| |
| |
James I, True Law of a Free Monarchy (1598) | |
| |
| |
| |
Sir William Clarke, The Putney Debates (1647) | |
| |
| |
| |
Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1651) | |
| |
| |
| |
John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (1689) | |
| |
| |
| |
The English Bill of Rights (1689) | |
| |
| |
| |
Duc de Saint-Simon, Memoirs (1694-1723) | |
| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
Photo Credits | |