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Documents | |
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Maps | |
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Chronologies, Genealogies, and Figures | |
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Preface | |
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Supplements0 | |
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About the Authors | |
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Introduction | |
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The Idea of Western Civilization 1 | |
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The First Civilizations 3 | |
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The Visual Record: �tzi's Last Meal: Tradition and Innovation in Prehistoric Europe | |
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Before Civilization | |
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The Dominance of Culture | |
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Social Organization, Agriculture, and Religion | |
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Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers | |
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Map Discovery: The Ancient World | |
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The Ramparts of Uruk | |
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Tools: Technology and Writing | |
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Gods and Mortals in Mesopotamia | |
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Sargon and Mesopotamian Expansion | |
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Hammurabi and the Old Babylonian Empire | |
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The Gift of the Nile | |
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Tending the Cattle of God | |
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Democratization of the Afterlife | |
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The Egyptian Empire | |
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Map Discovery: The Egyptian Empire | |
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Religious and Royal Consolidation Under Akhenaten | |
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Between Two Worlds | |
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The Hebrew Alternative | |
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A King Like All the Nations | |
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Exile | |
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Nineveh and Babylon | |
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The Assyrian Empire | |
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The New Babylonian Empire | |
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Persian Expansion | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Discovering the Pharaohs | |
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The West and the Under World | |
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The First European Immigrants | |
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Documents | |
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The Code of Hammurabi | |
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A Homesick Egyptian | |
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The Kingdom of Israel | |
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Early Greece, 2500-500 b.c.e. | |
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The Visual Record: Hecuba and Achilles: The Birth of Greek Civilization | |
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Greece in the Bronze Age to 800 b.c.e. | |
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Islands of Peace | |
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Map Discovery: Greece in the Bronze Age | |
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Mainland of War | |
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The Dark Age | |
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Archaic Greece, 800-500 b.c.e. | |
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Ethnos and Polis 45 | |
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Map Discovery: Greek Cities and Colonies of the Archaic Age | |
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Technology of Writing and Warfare | |
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Colonists and Tyrants | |
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Gender and Power | |
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Gods and Mortals | |
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Myth and Reason | |
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Investigation and Speculation | |
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Art and the Individual | |
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A Tale of Three Cities | |
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Wealthy Corinth | |
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Martial Sparta | |
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Democratic Athens | |
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The Coming of Persia and the End of the Archaic Age | |
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Map Discovery: The Persian Empire, ca. 500 b.c.e. | |
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A Closer Look | |
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The Agony of Athletics | |
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Documents | |
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The Race of Iron | |
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Hector and Andromache | |
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Two Faces of Tyranny | |
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Image Discovery | |
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A Revolution in War-fare | |
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Classical and Hellenistic Greece, 500-100 b.c.e. | |
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The Visual Record: Pericles Builds His Parthenon: Politics, Art, and Empire 66 | |
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Note: Each chapter ends with Questions for Review, Key Terms, Discovering Western Civilization Online, and Suggestions for Further Reading. | |
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War and Politics in the Fifth Century b.c.e. | |
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The Persian Wars | |
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Thermopylae and Salamis | |
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The Athenian Empire | |
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Private and Public Life in Athens | |
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Pericles and Athens | |
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The Peloponnesian War | |
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Map Discovery: The Delian League and the Peloponnesian War | |
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Athenian Culture in the Hellenic Age | |
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The Examined Life | |
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Understanding the Past | |
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Athenian Drama | |
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Art and the Human Image | |
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From City-States to Macedonian Empire, 404-323 b.c.e. 82 | |
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Politics After the Peloponnesian War | |
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Philosophy and the Polis | |
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The Rise of Macedon | |
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Map Discovery: The Empire of Alexander the Great 87 | |
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The Empire of Alexander the Great 87 | |
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The Hellenistic World 89 | |
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Map Discovery: The Hellenistic Kingdoms 89 | |
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Urban Life and Culture 92 | |
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Women in Public Life 92 | |
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Alexandria 93 | |
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Hellenistic Literature 93 | |
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Architecture and Art 94 | |
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Hellenistic Philosophy 95 | |
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Mathematics and Science 98 | |
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Cultural Resistance 98 | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Technology and Innovation | |
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The West and the Wider World | |
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Representing the Buddha: From Apollo to Christian Saint | |
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Documents | |
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The Two Faces of Athenian Democracy | |
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The Unexamined Life Is Not Worth Leading | |
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Greeks and Barbarians | |
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Alexander Calls a Halt | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Early Rome and the Roman Republic, 800-146 b.c.e. | |
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The Visual Record: Eternal Rome: From Village to Empire | |
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The Western Mediterranean to 509 b.c.e. | |
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Merchants of Baal | |
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The Western Greeks | |
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Map Discovery: Greek and Phoenician Colonies and Trade | |
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Italy's First Civilization | |
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From City to Empire, 509-146 b.c.e. 109 | |
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Latin Rome | |
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Etruscan Rome | |
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Rome and Italy | |
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Rome and the Mediterranean | |
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Map Discovery: The Punic Wars | |
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Republican Civilization | |
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Farmers and Soldiers | |
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The Roman Family | |
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Social Effects of Expansion | |
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Roman Religion | |
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Republican Letters | |
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The Crisis of Roman Virtue | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Hannibal's Elephants | |
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Documents | |
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The Twelve Tables | |
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Polybius Compares Rome and Carthage | |
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Cato's Slaves | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Casting a Vote | |
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Imperial Rome, 146 b.c.e.-192 c.e. | |
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The Visual Record: The Altar of Augustan Peace: The Making of the Roman Empire | |
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The Price of Empire, 146-121 b.c.e. | |
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Winners and Losers | |
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Optimates and Populares | |
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The End of the Republic | |
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The Crisis of Government | |
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Map Discovery: The Career of Julius Caesar | |
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A Life Worth Leading | |
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The Augustan Age and the Pax Romana 141 | |
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The Empire Renewed 141 | |
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Augustus's Successors 146 | |
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Map Discovery: The Roman Empire, 14 and 117 c.e. 147 | |
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Religions from the East | |
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Jewish Resistance 149 | |
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The Origins of Christianity | |
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Geographical Tour: A Tour of the Empire | |
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The Western Provinces | |
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The Eastern Provinces | |
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The Culture of Antonine Rome | |
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A Closer Look | |
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A Day in the Pax Romana-Herculaneum 144 | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Augustus's Statue | |
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Documents | |
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The Reforms of Tiberius Gracchus | |
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Cicero on Justice and Reason | |
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Peter Announces the Good News | |
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The Transformation of the Classical World | |
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The Visual Record: A Bride's Trousseau: The Synthesis of Christianity and the Classical Tradition | |
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The Crisis of the Third Century | |
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Enrich the Army and Scorn the Rest | |
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An Empire on the Defensive | |
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The Barbarian Menace | |
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Roman Influence in the Barbarian World | |
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The Empire Restored | |
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Diocletian, the God-Emperor | |
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Map Discovery: The Empire Under Diocletian | |
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Constantine, the Emperor of God | |
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The Triumph of Christianity | |
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Imperial Christianity | |
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Map Discovery: The Spread of Christianity | |
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Divinity, Humanity, and Salvation | |
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The Call of the Desert | |
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Monastic Communities | |
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Solitaries and Hermits | |
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A Parting of the Ways | |
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The Barbarization of the West | |
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The New Barbarian Kingdoms | |
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Map Discovery: Barbarian Migrations and Invasions | |
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The Hellenization of the East | |
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A Closer Look | |
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The Stainless Star of Wisdom's Discipline | |
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Documents | |
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Tacitus on the Germans | |
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Religious Toleration and Persecution | |
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Love in the Two Cities | |
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Image Discovery Beholder: In the Eye of the Jesus or Sun God? | |
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The Classical Legacy in the East: Byzantium and Islam | |
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The Visual Record: From Temple to Mosque: The Continuity of Civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean | |
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The Byzantines | |
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Justinian and the Creation of the Byzantine State | |
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Emperors and Individuals | |
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Map Discovery: Byzantine Empire Under Justinian | |
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Families and Villages | |
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A Foretaste of Heaven | |
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Iconoclasm | |
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The Rise of Islam | |
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Arabia Before the Prophet | |
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Muhammad, Prophet of God | |
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The Triumph of Islam | |
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The Spread of Islam | |
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Map Discovery: The Spread of Islam | |
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Authority and Government in Islam | |
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Umayyad and 'Abbasid Caliphates | |
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Islamic Civilization | |
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The Byzantine Apogee and Decline, 1000-1453 | |
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The Disintegration of the Empire | |
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The Conquests of Constantinople and Baghdad | |
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The West and the Wider World | |
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Industrial Espionage in the Sixth Century | |
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Documents | |
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The Qur'an | |
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An Arab's View of Western Medicine | |
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A Turkish Guest in Constantinople | |
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An Arab in Crusader Jerusalem | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Haram al-Sharif, or The Dome of the Rock: Theology in Stone | |
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The West in the Early Middle Ages, 500-900 | |
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The Visual Record: The Chapel at the Waters: The Western Empire Reborn | |
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The Making of the Barbarian Kingdoms, 500-750 | |
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Italy: From Ostrogoths to Lombards | |
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Map Discovery: The Barbarian Kingdoms, ca. 526 | |
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Visigothic Spain: Intolerance and Destruction | |
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The Anglo-Saxons: From Pagan Conquerors to Christian Missionaries | |
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The Franks: An Enduring Legacy | |
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Living in the New Europe | |
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Creating the European Peasantry | |
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Rural Households | |
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Creating the European Aristocracy | |
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Aristocratic Lifestyle | |
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Governing Europe | |
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The Carolingian Achievement | |
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Map Discovery: Charlemagne's Empire, 814 | |
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Charlemagne and the Renewal of the West | |
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The Carolingian Renaissance | |
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Carolingian Government | |
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Carolingian Art | |
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Geographical Tour: Europe in the Ninth Century | |
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England | |
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Scandinavia | |
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The Slavic World | |
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Muslim Spain | |
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After the Carolingians: From Empire to Lordships | |
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Disintegration of the Empire | |
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Map Discovery: The Division of Charlemagne's Empire | |
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Emergence of France and Germany | |
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Cluny | |
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A Closer Look | |
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The Jews in the Early Middle Ages | |
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Documents | |
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Two Missionaries | |
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From Slave to Queen | |
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Feuding in the Frankish Kingdom | |
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Charlemagne and the Arts | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Equestrian Emperors | |
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The High Middle Ages | |
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The Visual Record: Harold, King of the English | |
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The Countryside | |
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The Peasantry: Serfs and Freemen | |
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The Aristocracy: Warriors and Heiresses | |
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The Church: Saints and Monks | |
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Crusaders: Soldiers of God | |
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Map Discovery: The Crusades | |
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Medieval Towns | |
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Italian Cities | |
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Map Discovery: Medieval Trade Networks | |
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Northern Towns | |
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The Fairs of Champagne | |
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Urban Intellectuals | |
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The Invention of the State | |
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The Universal States: Empire and Papacy | |
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The Nation-States: France and England | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Cathedrals of Light | |
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Documents | |
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Visions Like a Flame | |
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Pope Urban II Summons a Crusade | |
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Saint Francis of Assisi on Humility and Poverty | |
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The Great Charter | |
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Image Discovery | |
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The Later Middle Ages, 1300-1500 | |
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The Visual Record: Webs of Stone and Blood: European Civilization at the End of the Middle Ages | |
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Politics as a Family Affair | |
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The Struggle for Central Europe | |
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Map Discovery: Central and Eastern Europe, ca. 1378 | |
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A Hundred Years of War | |
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Life and Death in the Later Middle Ages | |
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Dancing with Death | |
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Map Discovery: Spread of the Black Death and Peasant Revolts | |
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The Plague of Insurrection | |
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Living and Dying in Medieval Towns | |
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The Spirit of the Later Middle Ages | |
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The Crisis of the Papacy | |
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Map Discovery: The Great Schism | |
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Discerning the Spirit of God | |
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Heresy and Revolt | |
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Religious Persecution in Spain | |
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William of Ockham and the Spirit of Truth | |
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Vernacular Literature and the Individual | |
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Documents | |
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The Black Death in Florence | |
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A Woman Before the Inquisition | |
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Convivencia | |
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The West and the Wider World World Trade Centers | |
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Image Discovery | |
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The Italian Renaissance | |
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The Visual Record: A Dining Al Fresco | |
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Renaissance Society | |
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The Urban Environment | |
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Map Discovery: Largest Cities in Western Europe, ca. 1500 | |
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Production and Consumption | |
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The Experience of Life | |
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The Quality of Life | |
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Renaissance Art | |
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An Architect, a Sculptor, and a Painter | |
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Renaissance Style | |
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Michelangelo | |
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Renaissance Ideals | |
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Humanists and the Liberal Arts | |
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Renaissance Science | |
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Machiavelli and Politics | |
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The Politics of the Italian City-States | |
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Map Discovery: Italy, 1494 | |
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The Five Powers | |
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Venice: A Seaborne Empire | |
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Florence: Spinning Cloth into Gold | |
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The End of Italian Hegemony, 1450-1527 | |
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A Closer Look | |
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The Fall of Constantinople | |
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Documents | |
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On the Family | |
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The Renaissance Man | |
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The Lion and the Fox | |
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The Siege of Constantinople | |
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The European Empires | |
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The Visual Record: Astride the World: The Age of Monarchies | |
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European Encounters | |
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Africa and a Passage to India | |
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Map Discovery: Portuguese Explorations | |
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Mundus Novus | |
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The Spanish Conquests | |
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The Legacy of the Encounters | |
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Map Discovery: Claims of Spain and Portugal to Overseas Empires | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Small box | |
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Geographical Tour: Europe in 1500: The Age of the New Monarchies | |
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Boundaries of Eastern Europe | |
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Central Europe | |
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Western Europe | |
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The Formation of States | |
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Eastern Configurations | |
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The Western Powers | |
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Map Discovery: The Unification of France | |
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The Dynastic Struggles | |
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Power and Glory | |
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The Italian Wars | |
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Documents | |
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A Momentous Discovery | |
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The Halls of Montezuma | |
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Last Words | |
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The Kingdom of France | |
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The West and the Wider World | |
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The Columbian Exchange | |
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The Reform of Religion | |
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The Visual Record: Sola Scriptura: The Bible and the Reformation | |
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The Intellectual Reformation | |
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The Print Revolution | |
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Map Discovery: The Spread of Printing | |
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Christian Humanism | |
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The Humanist Movement | |
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The Wit of Erasmus | |
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The Lutheran Reformation | |
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The Spark of Reform | |
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Martin Luther's Faith | |
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Lutheranism | |
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The Spread of Lutheranism | |
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Map Discovery: The Spread of Lutheranism | |
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The Protestant Reformation | |
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Geneva and Calvin | |
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The English Reformation | |
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The Reformation of the Radicals | |
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The Catholic Reformation | |
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The Spiritual Revival | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Fishing for Souls | |
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Loyola's Pilgrimage | |
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The Counter-Reformation | |
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Map Discovery: The Religious Divisions of Europe | |
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The Empire Strikes Back | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Utopia | |
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Documents | |
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A Dutch Wit | |
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Luther on Marriage | |
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The Eternal Decree | |
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Heavenly Vision | |
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Europe at War, 1555-1648 | |
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The Visual Record: The Massacre of the Innocents: War and European Society | |
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The Crises of the Western States | |
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The French Wars of Religion | |
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Map Discovery: Religious Divisions in France During the Wars of Religion | |
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One King, Two Faiths | |
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The World of Philip II | |
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The Burgundian Inheritance | |
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Map Discovery: Habsburg Lands at the Abdication of Charles V | |
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The Revolt of the Netherlands | |
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The Struggles in Eastern Europe | |
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Kings and Diets in Poland | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Muscovy's Time of Troubles | |
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The Rise of Sweden | |
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The Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 | |
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Bohemia Revolts | |
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The War Widens | |
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Map Discovery: Population Loss in Germany During the Thirty Years' War | |
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The Long Quest for Peace | |
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A Closer Look | |
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The Monstrous Regiment of Women | |
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Documents | |
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The Heart and Stomach of a King | |
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Cannibals | |
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War Is Hell | |
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Fire and Sword | |
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The Experiences of Life in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1650 | |
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The Visual Record: Haymaking: Agriculture in a European Community | |
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Economic Life | |
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Rural Life | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Town Life | |
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Map Discovery: Grain Supply and Trade in Sixteenth-Century Europe | |
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Economic Change | |
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Map Discovery: Population Density in Europe, ca. 1600 | |
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Social Life | |
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Social Constructs | |
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Social Structure | |
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Social Change | |
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Peasant Revolts | |
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Private and Community Life | |
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The Family | |
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Communities | |
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Popular Beliefs and the Persecution of Witches | |
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A Closer Look | |
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Sex and the Married Man | |
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Documents | |
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Living by One's Wits | |
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The Peasants' Revolt | |
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The Devil's Due | |
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The Royal State in the Seventeenth Century | |
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The Visual Record: Fit for a King: The Grandeur of the European Monarchy | |
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The Rise of the Royal State | |
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Divine Kings | |
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The Court and the Courtiers | |
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The Taxing Demands of War | |
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The Crises of the Royal State | |
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The Need to Resist | |
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The Right to Resist | |
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The English Civil War | |
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Image Discovery | |
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Map Discovery: English Civil War | |
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The English Revolutions | |
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The Zenith of the Royal State | |
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The Nature of Absolute Monarchy | |
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Absolutism in the East | |
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Map Discovery: Expansion of Russia Under Peter the Great | |
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The Origins of French Absolutism | |
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Louis le Grand | |
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Documents | |
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The Divinity That Doth Hedge a King | |
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A Short, Sharp Shock | |
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The Nature of Man | |
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A Close Shave | |
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The West and the Wider World | |
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The Siege of Vienna | |
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Glossary | |
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Credits | |
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Index | |