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Preface | |
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All chapters include a "Learning Objectives," "Summary," "Websites," | |
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"Further Readings," "Think Critically," and "Test Yourself." | |
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Clinical Framework: Basic Terms and Concepts | |
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Articulation and Articulation Disorders | |
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Phonetics and Its Relationship to Articulation Disorders | |
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Speech Sounds versus Phonemes: Clinical Application | |
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Phonology and Phonological Disorders | |
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Phonetics versus Phonology: Form and Function | |
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Articulation Disorders versus Phonological Disorders | |
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Articulatory Phonetics: Speech Sound Form | |
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Vowels versus Consonants | |
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Sounds in Context: Coarticulation and Assimilation | |
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Syllable Structure | |
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Phonetics Transcription and Diacritics | |
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Phonetic Transcription as a Notational System | |
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Why Use Phonetic Transcription? Diacritics | |
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Clinical Implications | |
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Theoretical Considerationsndash;Practical Application | |
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Phonology | |
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Distinctive Feature Theories | |
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Generative Phonology | |
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Natural Phonology | |
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Linear versus Nonlinear Phonologies | |
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Normal Phonological Development | |
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Aspects of Structural and Functional Development | |
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Aspects of Perceptual Development | |
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Prelinguistic Stages: Before the First Word | |
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Transition from Babbling to First Words | |
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The First Fifty Words | |
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Segmental Development | |
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Prosodic Development | |
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The Preschool Child | |
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The School-Age Child | |
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Segmental Form Development | |
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Learning to Speak and Learning to Read | |
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Prosodic Feature Development | |
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Appraisal: Collection of Data | |
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Evaluation by the Clinician | |
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Initial Impression | |
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Articulation Tests | |
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Spontaneous Speech Sample | |
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Evaluation of the Speech Mechanism | |
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Selection of Additional Assessment Measures | |
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Special Considerations | |
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Summary of the Data | |
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Diagnosis: Phonetic versus Phonemic Emphasis | |
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Preliminary Analysis: Inventory and Distribution of Speech Sounds | |
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Decision-Making: Primarily Phonetic Emphasis | |
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Decision-Making: Primarily Phonemic Emphasis | |
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Measures of Severity and Intelligibility | |
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Therapy for Phonetic Errors | |
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Decision Making: When to Use a Phonetic Approach | |
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Therapy Sequence | |
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Individual Sound Errors | |
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Misarticulations of [s] and [z] | |
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Misarticulations of [ ] and [ ] | |
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Misarticulations of [k] and [g] | |
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Misarticualtion of [I] | |
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Misarticulations of [r] and the Central Vowels with R-Coloring | |
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Misarticulations of [?] and [?] | |
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Misarticulations of [f] and [v] | |
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Affricate Problems | |
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Voicing Problems | |
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Consonant Cluster Problems | |
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Treatment of Phonemic Errors | |
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Treatment Principles | |
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Minimal Pair Contrast Therapies | |
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Cycles Training | |
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Metaphon Therapy | |
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Phonemic Disorders with Concurrent Language Problems | |
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Therapeutic Suggestions | |
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The Child with an Emerging Phonological System | |
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Therapeutic Suggestions | |
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Treatment of Multiple Vowel Errors | |
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Articulatory/Phonological Disorders in Selected Populations | |