| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Importance of Relationships | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about the Importance of Relationships? | |
| |
| |
| The Need to Belong | |
| |
| |
| Attachment | |
| |
| |
| The Loss of Attachments | |
| |
| |
| Loneliness | |
| |
| |
| Contemporary Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Methods of Research | |
| |
| |
| Self-Report Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Observational Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Archival Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Experimental Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Additional Issues | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Attraction and Relationship Development | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Attraction and Relationship Development? | |
| |
| |
| Theories of Attraction | |
| |
| |
| Attraction as an Attitude | |
| |
| |
| Balance Theories | |
| |
| |
| Reinforcement/Reward Theories | |
| |
| |
| Similarity | |
| |
| |
| Arousal Theories | |
| |
| |
| "Fatal Attractions" | |
| |
| |
| Environmental Influences on Attraction | |
| |
| |
| Proximity | |
| |
| |
| Body Language | |
| |
| |
| Personal Influences on Attraction | |
| |
| |
| Physical Attractiveness | |
| |
| |
| The Matching Hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| The "Beauty Equals Goodness" Hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| Other Desirable Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| Mate Selection and Evolutionary Psychology | |
| |
| |
| Flirting | |
| |
| |
| Attraction Online | |
| |
| |
| Relationship Development and Processes | |
| |
| |
| Social Penetration Theory | |
| |
| |
| Additional Factors Affecting Development | |
| |
| |
| Courtship Theories | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Friendship and Social Support | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Friendship and Social Support? | |
| |
| |
| Theories of Friendship | |
| |
| |
| Exchange Theory | |
| |
| |
| Equity Theory | |
| |
| |
| Exchange versus Communal Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Additional Models of Friendship | |
| |
| |
| Forming and Maintaining Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Environmental Factors | |
| |
| |
| Individual Factors | |
| |
| |
| Dyadic Factors | |
| |
| |
| Situational Factors | |
| |
| |
| Friendship across the Life Course | |
| |
| |
| Childhood Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Adolescent Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Young Adult Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Older Adult Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Friendship Deterioration and Restoration | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Friendship | |
| |
| |
| Women's and Men's Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Cross-Sex Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Social Support | |
| |
| |
| Social Support from Family and Friends | |
| |
| |
| Social Support in Couples | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Romantic Love | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Romantic Love? | |
| |
| |
| Attachment | |
| |
| |
| Romantic Attachment | |
| |
| |
| Outcomes of Attachment Styles | |
| |
| |
| Theories of Love | |
| |
| |
| Three General Theories Applied to Love | |
| |
| |
| Passionate and Companionate Love | |
| |
| |
| Prototype Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Love Ways | |
| |
| |
| Triangular Theory | |
| |
| |
| The Love Styles | |
| |
| |
| Love across Ages and Cultures | |
| |
| |
| Intimacy in Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Conceptualizing Intimacy | |
| |
| |
| Measuring Intimacy | |
| |
| |
| The Context of Intimacy | |
| |
| |
| Unrequited Love | |
| |
| |
| Recovering from Love | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Relational Sexuality | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Relational Sexuality? | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Attitudes | |
| |
| |
| Orientations to Sex | |
| |
| |
| Influences on Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Attraction | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Satisfaction | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Communication | |
| |
| |
| General Communication | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Desire | |
| |
| |
| Linking Sex and Love | |
| |
| |
| Sex and Gender | |
| |
| |
| Gender Differences in Sexuality | |
| |
| |
| Date Rape | |
| |
| |
| Sex for All Couples | |
| |
| |
| Gay and Lesbian Couples | |
| |
| |
| Multicultural Couples | |
| |
| |
| Couples as They Age | |
| |
| |
| People with Disabilities and Illnesses | |
| |
| |
| Sex, Risk, and Trust | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Communication and Relational Maintenance | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Communication and Relational Maintenance? | |
| |
| |
| Definitions of Relational Maintenance | |
| |
| |
| Strategies for Maintaining Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Communication | |
| |
| |
| Self-Disclosure | |
| |
| |
| Theoretical Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Research on Self-Disclosure | |
| |
| |
| The Dialectical Aspects of Self-Disclosure | |
| |
| |
| Nonverbal Communication | |
| |
| |
| Day-to-Day Communication | |
| |
| |
| Relationship Satisfaction | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conflict and Abuse | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Conflict and Abuse? | |
| |
| |
| The Basics of Conflict | |
| |
| |
| The Structure of Conflict | |
| |
| |
| Causes of Conflict | |
| |
| |
| Processes of Conflict | |
| |
| |
| Attributional Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Exchange Approaches | |
| |
| |
| The Pluses and Minuses of Conflict | |
| |
| |
| Conflict in Families and Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Parents versus Children | |
| |
| |
| Friendships | |
| |
| |
| Conflict in Romantic and Marital Couples | |
| |
| |
| Qualities of Distressed Couples | |
| |
| |
| Approaches to Handling Conflict | |
| |
| |
| Relational Power | |
| |
| |
| Handling Conflict Constructively | |
| |
| |
| Abuse in Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Causes and Correlates of Abuse | |
| |
| |
| Consequences of Abuse | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Aggression | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Breakup, Divorce, and Bereavement | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Breakup, Divorce, and Bereavement? | |
| |
| |
| Causes of Relationship Disruption | |
| |
| |
| Jealousy | |
| |
| |
| Infidelity | |
| |
| |
| Relationship Breakup | |
| |
| |
| Factors Involved in Breakup | |
| |
| |
| Stages of Relationship Dissolution | |
| |
| |
| Emotional Consequences of Breakup | |
| |
| |
| Divorce | |
| |
| |
| Theoretical Approaches to Divorce | |
| |
| |
| Consequences of Divorce for Adults | |
| |
| |
| Consequences of Divorce for Children | |
| |
| |
| Bereavement | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diverse Relationships | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Diverse Relationships? | |
| |
| |
| Conceptualizing Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Remarried Families | |
| |
| |
| Courtship in Remarriage | |
| |
| |
| Relationship Quality in Remarriage | |
| |
| |
| Children in Remarried Families | |
| |
| |
| Lesbian and Gay Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Courtship and Maintenance | |
| |
| |
| Relationship Breakup | |
| |
| |
| Children in Gay and Lesbian Families | |
| |
| |
| Multicultural/Multiracial Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Families of Color | |
| |
| |
| Cultural and Racial Comparisons | |
| |
| |
| Interethnic/Interracial Couples | |
| |
| |
| Cohabiting Couples | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gender | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Know about Gender? | |
| |
| |
| Origins of Gender and Gender Differences | |
| |
| |
| Evolutionary and Social Structural Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Benevolent Sexism | |
| |
| |
| Implications of Gender | |
| |
| |
| Sex or Gender? Women's Sexual Plasticity | |
| |
| |
| One Set of Propositions on Plasticity | |
| |
| |
| Responses to Those Propositions | |
| |
| |
| Other Views on Sexual Plasticity | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Relational Beliefs and Behaviors | |
| |
| |
| Relational Beliefs | |
| |
| |
| Relational Cultures and Climates | |
| |
| |
| Power and Control | |
| |
| |
| Entitlement | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Family Work | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Housework | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Income | |
| |
| |
| Gender, Work, and the Future | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Key Terms | |
| |
| |
| Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| Epilogue | |
| |
| |
| The Relationship Stories Continued | |
| |
| |
| Connections and Choice Points | |
| |
| |
| Glossary | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Index | |