Experimental Methodology

Name: Experimental Methodology
Price: 5.51 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780205308323

ISBN-10: 0205308325

ISBN-13: 9780205308323

Edition: 8th 2001

Authors: Larry B. Christensen

List price: $102.00

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An introduction to the basic principles of psychological research (both experimental and non-experimental) with new coverage of qualitative research. Known for its readability, Experimental Methodology is organized so that each chapter focuses on a specific step in the research process. The primary orientation of this text is toward providing instruction in the experimental approach, but an introduction to non-experimental approaches such as ex-post facto research, correlational research, and survey research is provided. Rather than dichotomizing psychological research into descriptive and experimental research, this edition takes the more current approach of using the quantitative and…

Book details

List price: $102.00
Edition: 8th
Copyright year: 2001
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon, Incorporated
Publication date: 7/10/2000
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 452
Size: 7.72" wide x 9.53" long x 0.94" tall
Weight: 1.980
Language: English

Larry Christensen (PhD University of Southern Mississippi) is Professor and Chair of the Department of Psychology at the University of South Alabama. Larry is the author of several successful textbooks and has published more than 60 journal articles.



Preface



What Is Science?


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Methods of Acquiring Knowledge


Science


Advantage of the Scientific Method


Characteristics of the Scientific Approach


Objectives of Science


Basic Assumptions Underlying Science


Method versus Technique


The Role of Theory in Science


The Role of the Scientist in Science


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Nonexperimental Research Approaches


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Nonexperimental Quantitative Research


Qualitative Research


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



The Experimental Research Approach


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Causation


The Psychological Experiment


Experimental Research Settings


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Sources of Research Ideas


Gender Bias in Research Ideas


Ideas Not Capable of Scientific Investigation


Review of the Literature


Feasibility of the Study


Formulating the Research Problem


Formulating Hypotheses


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Ethics


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Research Ethics: What Are They?


Ethical Dilemmas


Development of the APA Code of Ethics


Ethical Principles


Issues Raised by the Code of Ethics


Ethics of Animal Research


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Variables Used in Experimentation


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Types of Variables


The Independent Variable


The Dependent Variable


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Control in Experimentation


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Control of Extraneous Variables


Extraneous Variables to Be Controlled


Research Participant and Experimenter Effects to Be Controlled


Sequencing Effect to Be Controlled


Additional Extraneous Variables to Be Held Constant


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Techniques for Achieving Constancy


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Randomization


Matching


Counterbalancing


Control of Participant Effects


Control of Experimenter Effects


Likelihood of Achieving Control


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Experimental Research Design


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Faulty Research Design


Requirements of True Research Designs


Pretesting Participants


True Research Designs


Choice of a Research Design


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Quasi-Experimental Designs


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Nonequivalent Control Group Design


Time-Series Design


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Single-Case Research Designs


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Single-Case Designs


A-B-A Design


Interaction Design


Multiple-Baseline Design


Changing-Criterion Design


Methodological Considerations in Using Single-Case Designs


Criteria for Evaluating Change


Rival Hypotheses


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Data Collection


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Research Participants


Sample Size


Apparatus


Instructions


Scheduling of Research Participants


Procedure


Institutional Approval


Data Collection


Consent to Participate


Debriefing, or Postexperimental Interview


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



Hypothesis Testing


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Testing the Hypothesis


The Mean


Standard Deviation


Selection of a Statistical Test


Independent Samples t-Test


Significance Level


Analysis of Variance


Potential Errors in the Statistical Decision-Making Process


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



External Validity


Learning Objectives


Introduction


Population Validity


Ecological Validity


Temporal Validity


Relationship Between Internal and External Validity


Cautions in Evaluating the External Validity of Experiments


Summary


Key Terms and Concepts



The Research Report


Learning Objectives


Introduction


The APA Format


Preparation of the Research Report


Appendixes


References


Index