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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Conceptual Framework | |
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| Overview of Book | |
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| Public Punishment in Colonial America (1600-1790) | |
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| Life in the Colonies | |
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| Crime as Sin | |
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| Public and Corporal Punishment | |
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| Church, Community, and Punishment | |
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| Penal Code Reform in the Period of Transition (1790-1830) | |
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| Post-Revolutionary America | |
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| Crime as Reasoned Behavior | |
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| Punishment and Deterrence | |
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| Enlightenment, Free Will, and Incarceration | |
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| Age of the Penitentiary in Nineteenth-Century America (1830-1870s) | |
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| Jacksonian America and Beyond | |
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| Crime as Moral Disease | |
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| Promise of the Penitentiary | |
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| The Penitentiary in Practice | |
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| Southern Justice | |
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| Urban Disenchantment, Moral Reform, and the Penitentiary | |
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| Progressivism and Reformatory, Parole, and Probation (1880s-1920s) | |
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| Progressive America | |
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| Crime and Positivism | |
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| Promise of Progressive Penology | |
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| Progressive Penology in Practice | |
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| Progressivism and Individual Treatment | |
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| Progressivism and the Juvenile Court (1900-1960s) | |
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| Juvenile Court as Progressive Ideology | |
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| Promise of Juvenile Courts | |
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| Juvenile Court in Practice | |
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| Juvenile Court: Advancing Individual Treatment | |
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| Twentieth-Century Rehabilitative Ideal and "Correctional" System (1900-1960s) | |
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| Rehabilitative Ideal and Crime Causation | |
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| Growth and Refinement of the Correctional System | |
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| Uneven Progress and Correctional System Failure | |
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| Rehabilitative Ideal: Explain, Treat, and Eliminate | |
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| Prison Subcultures (1950s-l960s) | |
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| Prison Community | |
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| Deprivation Model | |
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| Importation Model | |
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| Female Inmate Subcultures | |
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| Total Power and Institutional Control | |
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| Living in Prison | |
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| Prisoner Rights in the Age of Discontent (1960s-1970s) | |
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| Radicalism and Social Reform | |
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| Prisoner Rights | |
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| Abolishing Capital Punishment | |
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| Discovery of Prisoner Rights | |
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| Decentralizing Corrections (1960s-1970s) | |
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| Labeling Theory: Justifying Decentralization | |
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| Development of the Decentralization Movement | |
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| Goals and Practices of Decentralization Reforms | |
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| Decentralization: Not Less-More | |
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| Conservatism and Law-and-Order Punishment (1980s-1990s) | |
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| Reversing Course | |
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| Neo-Conservative Criminology | |
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| Law-and-Order Punishment | |
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| Consequences of Law-and-Order Punishment | |
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| Punishment Binge | |
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| Penal System as Surrogate Institution for Special Populations | |
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| Women and Mothers | |
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| Elderly | |
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| Mentally Ill | |
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| Inmates with AIDS and Tuberculosis | |
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| Prison as Nursery, Hospital, and Asylum | |
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| Punishment in the Millennial Age | |
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| Postmodern Society | |
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| Integrated Theories of Crime | |
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| "Anything Goes" Penal Strategies | |
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| Blending Soft and Tough Punishment | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Past and Present Penal Practices | |
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| Culture of Control | |
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| Criminology and Public Policy | |
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| Individualism, Rights, and the Culture of Control | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |