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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What Does It Mean to Be Object Oriented, Anyway? | |
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| Encapsulation | |
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| Information/Implementation Hiding | |
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| State Retention | |
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| Object Identity | |
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| Messages | |
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| Message structure | |
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| Message arguments | |
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| The roles of objects in messages | |
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| Types of message | |
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| Classes | |
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| Inheritance | |
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| Polymorphism | |
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| Genericity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| A Brief History of Object Orientation | |
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| Where Did Object Orientation Come From? | |
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| Larry Constantine | |
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| O.-J. Dahl and K. Nygaard | |
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| Alan Kay, Adele Goldberg, and others | |
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| Edsger Dijkstra | |
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| Barbara Liskov | |
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| David Parnas | |
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| Jean Ichbiah and others | |
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| Bjarne Stroustrup | |
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| Bertrand Meyer | |
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| Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson, and Jim Rumbaugh | |
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| Object Orientation Comes of Age | |
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| Object Orientation As an Engineering Discipline | |
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| What's Object Orientation Good For? | |
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| Analyzing users' requirements | |
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| Designing software | |
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| Constructing software | |
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| Maintaining software | |
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| Using software | |
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| Managing software projects | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| The Unified Modeling Language | |
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| Basic Expression of Classes, Attributes, and Operations | |
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| The Class | |
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| Attributes | |
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| Operations | |
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| Overloaded Operations | |
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| Visibility of Attributes and Operations | |
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| Class Attributes and Operations | |
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| Abstract Operations and Classes | |
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| The Utility | |
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| Parameterized Classes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Class Diagrams | |
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| The Generalization Construct | |
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| Single inheritance | |
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| Multiple inheritance | |
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| Subclass partitioning | |
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| Partitioning discriminators | |
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| The Association Construct | |
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| The basic UML notation for associations | |
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| Associations depicted as classes | |
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| Higher-order associations | |
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| Navigability of associations | |
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| Whole/Part Associations | |
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| Composition | |
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| Aggregation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Object-Interaction Diagrams | |
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| The Collaboration Diagram | |
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| Depicting a message | |
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| Polymorphism in the collaboration diagram | |
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| Iterated messages | |
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| Use of self in messages | |
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| The Sequence Diagram | |
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| Asynchronous Messages and Concurrent Execution | |
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| Depicting an asynchronous message | |
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| The callback mechanism | |
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| Asynchronous messages with priority | |
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| Depicting a broadcast (nontargeted) message | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| State Diagrams | |
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| Basic State Diagrams | |
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| Nested States | |
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| Concurrent States and Synchronization | |
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| Transient States from Message-Result Arguments | |
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| Continuously Variable Attributes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Architecture and Interface Diagrams | |
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| Depicting System Architecture | |
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| Packages | |
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| Deployment diagrams for hardware artifacts | |
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| Deployment diagrams for software constructs | |
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| Depicting the Human Interface | |
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| The window-layout diagram | |
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| The window-navigation diagram | |
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| A brief digression: What's object oriented about a GUI? | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| The Principles of Object-Oriented Design | |
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| Encapsulation and Connascence | |
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| Encapsulation Structure | |
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| Levels of encapsulation | |
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| Design criteria governing interacting levels of encapsulation | |
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| Connascence | |
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| Varieties of connascence | |
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| Contranascence | |
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| Connascence and encapsulation boundaries | |
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| Connascence and maintainability | |
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| Connascence abuses in object-oriented systems | |
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| The term connascence | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Domains, Encumbrance, and Cohesion | |
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| Domains of Object Classes | |
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| The foundation domain | |
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| The architecture domain | |
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| The business domain | |
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| The application domain | |
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| The source of classes in each domain | |
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| Encumbrance | |
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| What is encumbrance? | |
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| The use of encumbrance | |
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| The Law of Demeter | |
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| Class Cohesion: A Class and Its Features | |
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| Mixed-instance cohesion | |
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| Mixed-domain cohesion | |
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| Mixed-role cohesion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| State-Space and Behavior | |
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| State-Space and Behavior of a Class | |
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| The State-Space of a Subclass | |
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| The Behavior of a Subclass | |
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| The Class Invariant as a Restriction on a State-Space | |
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| Preconditions and Postconditions | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Type Conformance and Closed Behavior | |
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| Class versus Type | |
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| The Principle of Type Conformance | |
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| The principles of contravariance and covariance | |
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| An example of contravariance and covariance | |
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| A graphic illustration of contravariance and covariance | |
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| A summary of the requirements for type conformance | |
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| The Principle of Closed Behavior | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| The Perils of Inheritance and Polymorphism | |
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| Abuses of Inheritance | |
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| Mistaken aggregates | |
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| Inverted hierarchy | |
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| Confusing class and instance | |
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| Misapplying is a | |
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| The Danger of Polymorphism | |
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| Polymorphism of operations | |
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| Polymorphism of variables | |
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| Polymorphism in messages | |
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| Polymorphism and genericity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Techniques for Organizing Operations | |
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| Mix-In Classes | |
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| A business example | |
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| A graphics example | |
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| Rings of Operations | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Class Cohesion and Support of States and Behavior | |
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| State Support in a Class Interface | |
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| Behavior Support in a Class Interface | |
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| Operation Cohesion in a Class Interface | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Designing a Software Component | |
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| What Is a Component? | |
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| Similarities and Differences Between Components and Objects | |
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| Example of a Component | |
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| Internal Design of a Component | |
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| Lightweight and Heavyweight Components | |
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| Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Components | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Answers | |
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| Checklist for an Object-Oriented Design Walkthrough | |
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| The Object-Oriented Design Owner's Manual | |
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| The Blitz Guide to Object-Oriented Terminology | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |