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| Chapters end with a Summary | |
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| References and Further Reading, and Problems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What Is Digital Image Processing? The Origins of Digital Image Processing | |
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| Examples of Fields that Use Digital Image Processing | |
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| Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing | |
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| Components of an Image Processing System | |
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| Digital Image Fundamentals | |
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| Elements of Visual Perception | |
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| Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum | |
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| Image Sensing and Acquisition | |
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| Image Sampling and Quantization | |
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| Some Basic Relationships Between Pixels | |
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| Linear and Nonlinear Operations | |
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| Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain | |
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| Background | |
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| Some Basic Gray Level Transformations | |
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| Histogram Processing | |
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| Enhancement Using Arithmetic/Logic Operations | |
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| Basics of Spatial Filtering | |
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| Smoothing Spatial Filters | |
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| Sharpening Spatial Filters | |
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| Combining Spatial Enhancement Methods | |
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| Image Enhancement in the Frequency Domain | |
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| Background | |
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| Introduction to the Fourier Transform and the Frequency Domain | |
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| Smoothing Frequency-Domain Filters | |
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| Sharpening Frequency Domain Filters | |
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| Homomorphic Filtering | |
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| Implementation | |
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| Image Restoration | |
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| A Model of the Image Degradation/Restoration Process | |
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| Noise Models | |
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| Restoration in the Presence of Noise Only-Spatial Filtering | |
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| Periodic Noise Reduction by Frequency Domain Filtering | |
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| Linear, Position-Invariant Degradations | |
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| Estimating the Degradation Function | |
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| Inverse Filtering | |
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| Minimum Mean Square Error (Wiener) Filtering | |
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| Constrained Least Squares Filtering | |
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| Geometric Mean Filter | |
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| Geometric Transformations | |
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| Color Image Processing | |
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| Color Fundamentals | |
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| Color Models | |
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| Pseudocolor Image Processing | |
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| Basics of Full-Color Image Processing | |
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| Color Transformations | |
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| Smoothing and Sharpening | |
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| Color Segmentation | |
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| Noise in Color Images | |
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| Color Image Compression | |
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| Wavelets and Multiresolution Processing | |
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| Background | |
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| Multiresolution Expansions | |
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| Wavelet Transforms in One Dimension | |
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| The Fast Wavelet Transform | |
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| Wavelet Transforms in Two Dimensions | |
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| Wavelet Packets | |
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| Image Compression | |
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| Fundamentals | |
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| Image Compression Models | |
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| Elements of Information Theory | |
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| Error-Free Compression | |
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| Lossy Compression | |
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| Image Compression Standards | |
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| Morphological Image Processing | |
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| Preliminaries | |
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| Dilation and Erosion | |
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| Opening and Closing | |
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| The Hit-or-Miss Transformation | |
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| Some Basic Morphological Algorithms | |
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| Extensions to Gray-Scale Images | |
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| Image Segmentation | |
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| Detection of Discontinuities | |
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| Edge Linking and Boundary Detection | |
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| Thresholding | |
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| Region-Based Segmentation | |
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| Segmentation by Morphological Watersheds | |
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| The Use of Motion in Segmentation | |
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| Representation and Description | |
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| Representation | |
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| Boundary Descriptors | |
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| Regional Descriptors | |
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| Use of Principal Components for Description | |
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| Relational Descriptors | |
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| Object Recognition | |
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| Patterns and Pattern Classes | |
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| Recogni | |