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Introduction to Statistical Thinking | |
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Some Definitions and Basic Ideas | |
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Math Phobia, Panic, and Terror in Social Statistics | |
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The Practical Value of Social Statistics and Statistical Reasoning | |
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Types of Statistical Methods | |
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Pedagogical (Teaching) Approaches | |
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Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO) | |
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Measurement Invalidity | |
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Sampling Problems | |
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Faulty Causal Inferences | |
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Political Influences | |
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Human Fallibility | |
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Issues in Data Preparation | |
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Why Is Data Preparation Important? | |
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Operationalization and Measurement | |
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Nominal Measurement of Qualitative Variables | |
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Measurement of Quantitative Variables | |
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Issues in Levels of Measurement | |
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Coding and Inputting Statistical Data | |
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Available Computer Software for Basic Data Analysis | |
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Displaying Data in Tables and Graphic Forms | |
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The Importance of Data Tables and Graphs | |
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Types of Tabular and Visual Presentations | |
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Tables and Graphs for Qualitative Variables | |
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Tables and Graphs for Quantitative | |
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Variables | |
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Ratios and Rates | |
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Maps of Qualitative and Quantitative | |
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Variables | |
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Hazards and Distortions in Visual Displays and Collapsing Categories | |
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Modes, Medians, Means, and More | |
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Modes and Modal Categories | |
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The Median and Other Measures of Location | |
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The Mean and Its Meaning | |
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Weighted Means | |
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Strengths and Limitations of Mean Ratings | |
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Choice of Measure of Central Tendency and Position | |
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Measures of Variation and Dispersion | |
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The Range of Scores | |
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The Variance and Standard Deviation | |
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Variances and Standard Deviations for Binary Variables | |
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Population Versus Sample Variances & Standard Deviations | |
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The Normal Curve and Sampling Distributions | |
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The Normal Curve | |
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Z-Scores as Standard Scores | |
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Reading a Normal Curve Table | |
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Other Sampling Distributions | |
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Binomial Distribution | |
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t-Distribution | |
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Chi-Square Distribution | |
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F-Distributions | |
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Parameter Estimation and Confidence Intervals | |
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Sampling Distributions and the Logic of Parameter Estimation | |
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Inferences from Sampling Distributions to One Real Sample | |
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Confidence Intervals: Large Samples | |
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Confidence Intervals for Population Means | |
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Confidence Intervals for Population Proportions | |
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Confidence Intervals: Small Samples | |
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Properties of the t-Distribution | |
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Confidence Intervals for Population Means | |
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Confidence Intervals for Population Proportions | |
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Introduction to Hypothesis Testing | |
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Confidence Intervals Versus Hypothesis Testing | |
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Basic Terminology and Symbols | |
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Types of Hypotheses | |
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Zone of Rejection and Critical Values | |
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Significance Levels and Errors in Decision Making | |
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Hypothesis Testing for Means and Proportions | |
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Types of Hypothesis Testing | |
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One-Sample Tests of the Population Mean | |
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One-Sample Tests of a Population Proportion | |
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Two Sample Test of Differences in Population Means | |
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Two Sample Test of Differences in Population Proportions | |
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Issues in Testing Statistical Hypotheses | |
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Statistical Association in Contingency Tables | |
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The Importance of Statistical Association and Contingency Tables | |
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The Structure of a Contingency Table | |
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Developing Tables of Total, Row, and Column Percentages | |
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The Rules for Interpreting a Contingency Table | |
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Specifying Causal Relations in Contingency Tables | |
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Assessing the Magnitud | |