| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Credits | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Writing Systems | |
| |
| |
| Languages | |
| |
| |
| Writing Materials | |
| |
| |
| Genres | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Myths | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Enuma Elish | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Creation Myth from Sippar | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Creation Myth from Ashur | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dumuzi and Inanna | |
| |
| |
| Ugarit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Baal | |
| |
| |
| Hittite | |
| |
| |
| |
| El-kunirsha and Ashertu | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Disappearance of the Storm God | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Song of Kumarbi | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| From the Pyramid of Pepi I | |
| |
| |
| |
| From the Pyramid of Pepi II | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Memphite Theology | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Contendings of Horus and Seth | |
| |
| |
| |
| EPICS | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gilgamesh | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atrahasis | |
| |
| |
| Ugarit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kirta | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aqhat | |
| |
| |
| Hittite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kanesh and Zalpa | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appu and His Two Sons | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Tale of Two Brothers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Historiographic Texts | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Sumerian King List | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Birth Legend of Sargon | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Curse of Akkad | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Apology of Hattusili III | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Merneptah Stela | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Battle of Qarqar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kilamuwa | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Mesha Stela | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Tel Dan Stela | |
| |
| |
| |
| Obelisk of Shalmaneser III | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stela of Adad-nirari III | |
| |
| |
| |
| Annals of Tiglath-pileser III | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary Inscription of Sargon II | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chronicles of Merodach-baladan | |
| |
| |
| |
| Campaign of Sennacherib | |
| |
| |
| |
| Karatepe | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary Inscription of Esar-haddon | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chronicle of Nebuchadrezzar II | |
| |
| |
| |
| Administrative Text of Nebuchadrezzar II | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chronicles of Nabonidus | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Cyrus Cylinder | |
| |
| |
| |
| Legal and Commercial Texts | |
| |
| |
| Collections and Codes | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Code of Hammurapi | |
| |
| |
| Hittite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hittite Laws | |
| |
| |
| Treaties | |
| |
| |
| Hittite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Suppiluliuma I and Niqmaddu II | |
| |
| |
| |
| Notice of Tribute to Be Paid to Hatti by Ugarit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Shattiwaza and Suppiluliuma I | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Mursili II and Tuppi-Teshub | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Hattusili III and Rameses II | |
| |
| |
| Aramaic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Bar-gayah and Matiel | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Ashur-nirari V and Matiel | |
| |
| |
| |
| Treaty between Easr-haddon and Baal of Tyre | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Vassal Treaties of Esar-haddon | |
| |
| |
| Contracts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Murashu Tablet | |
| |
| |
| Elephantine Papyri | |
| |
| |
| |
| Marriage Contract | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transfer of Real Estate | |
| |
| |
| |
| Document of Manumission | |
| |
| |
| Commercial Transactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Samaria Ostraca | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tell Qasile Ostraca | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arad Ostraca | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arad Ostraca | |
| |
| |
| |
| Inscribed Jars | |
| |
| |
| |
| Inscribed Handles from Gibeon | |
| |
| |
| |
| Seals and Seal Impressions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Weights | |
| |
| |
| |
| Letters | |
| |
| |
| Royal Correspondence | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Suppiluliuma I to Niqmaddu II | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Piha-walwi to Ibiranu | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Naptera to Pudu-Heba | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Rameses II to Hattusili III | |
| |
| |
| Amarna Letters | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Rib-Hadda to the Pharaoh | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Labayu to the Pharaoh | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Abdi-Heba to the Pharaoh | |
| |
| |
| |
| From a Royal Official to King Ashurbanipal | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Adon to Neco II | |
| |
| |
| Correspondence Between Officials | |
| |
| |
| Lachish Letters | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lachish Letter 1 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lachish Letter 2 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lachish Letter 3 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lachish Letter 4 | |
| |
| |
| Aramaic Letters from Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Arsames to Armapiya | |
| |
| |
| |
| Between Jewish Leaders at Elephantine and the Governor of Judah | |
| |
| |
| Personal Correspondence | |
| |
| |
| |
| From an Egyptian Worker to His Supervisor | |
| |
| |
| |
| From an Israelite Worker to His Supervisor | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concerning Passover | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concerning Repair of a Garment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concerning Groceries and the Sabbath | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymns, Prayers, Laments, and Rituals | |
| |
| |
| Hymns and Prayers | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to the Aten | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Letter-Prayer to Ninmug | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to Ishtar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prayer to Anu | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to Ishtar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to Marduk | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prayer to a Personal God | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to Enlil | |
| |
| |
| |
| Coronation Prayer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prayer of Ashurbanipal | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prayer of Nabonidus to Sin | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prayer of Nabonidus to God Most High | |
| |
| |
| |
| Praise of Babylon | |
| |
| |
| City Laments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lament for Ur | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lament for Isin | |
| |
| |
| Other Sumerian Laments | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Raging Sea Will Not Be Calmed | |
| |
| |
| |
| He Is a Storm: At the Howling | |
| |
| |
| |
| The God Manifest | |
| |
| |
| Rituals | |
| |
| |
| Medical Texts | |
| |
| |
| |
| For Headache | |
| |
| |
| |
| For a Woman Who Has Suffered Miscarriage | |
| |
| |
| |
| Garlic for Sickness | |
| |
| |
| |
| For Toothache | |
| |
| |
| Other Ritual Texts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Instructions for Temple Officials | |
| |
| |
| |
| God and Sacrifice Lists from Ugarit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Marseilles Tariff | |
| |
| |
| |
| Burial Texts | |
| |
| |
| Funerary Texts | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stela of Intef | |
| |
| |
| Book of the Dead | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to the Sun God Re | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Weighing of the Heart | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hymn to Osiris | |
| |
| |
| |
| Negative Confession | |
| |
| |
| |
| For Going Out into the Day | |
| |
| |
| |
| Shabti Inscription | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carpentras Stela | |
| |
| |
| Ugarit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Royal Funerary Text | |
| |
| |
| Phoenician | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ahiram Sarcophagus | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ahiram Graffito | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tabnit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Eshmunazor | |
| |
| |
| |
| Batnoam | |
| |
| |
| Samal | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kuttamuwa | |
| |
| |
| Hebrew | |
| |
| |
| |
| Silwan | |
| |
| |
| |
| El-Qom | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ketef Hinnom | |
| |
| |
| Persian | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mausoleum of Cyrus | |
| |
| |
| |
| Commemorative and Dedicatory Texts | |
| |
| |
| Aramaic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tell Fekheriye | |
| |
| |
| |
| Zakkur | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bar-Rakib | |
| |
| |
| |
| Daskyleion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kese�ek K�y� | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sara�din | |
| |
| |
| Samal | |
| |
| |
| |
| Panamuwa | |
| |
| |
| Phoenician | |
| |
| |
| |
| Yehimilk | |
| |
| |
| |
| Yehawmilk | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bodastart | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pyrgi | |
| |
| |
| Ammonite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tell Siran Bottle | |
| |
| |
| Hebrew | |
| |
| |
| |
| Siloam Tunnel | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ekron | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kuntillet Ajrud | |
| |
| |
| |
| Khirbet Beit Lei | |
| |
| |
| |
| Love Poetry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prophetic Texts | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Prophecy of Neferti | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wenamun | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| Mari Letters | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Zimri-Lim from Nur-Sin | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Zimri-Lim from Inib-shina | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Zimri-Lim from Shibtu | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Zimri-Lim from Yarim-Addu | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Zimri-Lim, from an Unknown Sender | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Oracle from Eshnunna | |
| |
| |
| Neo-Assyrian Oracles | |
| |
| |
| |
| To Esar-haddon | |
| |
| |
| Transjordan | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deir Alla | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wisdom Literature | |
| |
| |
| Egypt | |
| |
| |
| |
| Satire on the Trades | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dialogue of a Man with His Soul | |
| |
| |
| |
| Song of the Harper | |
| |
| |
| |
| Instruction of Amenemhet | |
| |
| |
| |
| Instruction of Amenemope | |
| |
| |
| |
| In Praise of Scribes | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Proverbs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advice to a Prince | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Babylonian Theodicy | |
| |
| |
| |
| "I will praise the lord of wisdom" | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Dialogue of Pessimism | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Drinking Song | |
| |
| |
| |
| In Praise of Scribes | |
| |
| |
| Hurrian | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Song of Release | |
| |
| |
| Aramaic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ahtkar | |
| |
| |
| Abecedaries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ugaritic Abecedary | |
| |
| |
| Hebrew Abecedaries | |
| |
| |
| |
| IzbetSartah | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tel Zayit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kuntillet Ajrud | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gezer Calendar | |