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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Introduction | |
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Essential Skills and Information | |
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What Every Student Should Know About Drawing Sighting and the Use of a Sighting Stick | |
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Why Use Sighting? | |
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Guidelines for Sighting | |
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Applications of Sighting | |
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Transferring Sighting Observations to a Drawing Surface | |
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The Technique of Scaling to Determine Accurate Size Relationships | |
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Establishing Scale Successfully | |
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The Process of Scaling | |
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General Guidelines for Scaling | |
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The Principles of Composition | |
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Theory Versus Application | |
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Review of Some Simple Definitions | |
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Visual Principles of Composition | |
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Variable Compositional Elements to Consider | |
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Using a Viewfinder | |
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What Does It Do for You? | |
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General Guidelines Concerning Composition | |
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Thumbnail Studies as a Method for Exploring Composition | |
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The Golden SectionWhat Is the Golden Section? | |
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Constructing a Golden Rectangle | |
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The Fibonacci Series | |
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The Illusion of Space and Depth on a Two-Dimensional Surface | |
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Methods for Indicating Space and Depth | |
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Different Kinds of Space | |
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The Volumetric and Spatial Effects of Color | |
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Line Variation and Sensitivity | |
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Working from General to Specific | |
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The Medium and Surface | |
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What Is Meant by Sensitive Line? | |
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Achieving Line Variation and Line Sensitivity | |
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Different Kinds and Functions of Line | |
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Working with Value Structure | |
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A General-to-Specific Approach to Building Value Structure | |
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Using Value to Establish an Effect or a Mood | |
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Value and Texture | |
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Four Things to Look for When Identifying Value Structure on a Form | |
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Various Methods for Applying Value | |
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Exercises for Promoting a General-to-Specific Approach | |
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Controlling Some Variables of Value Structure | |
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Creating an Effective Still Life | |
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What Kind of Objects Should Be Included? | |
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Additional Considerations for Still Lifes | |
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The Meaning of Still-Life Objects | |
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Using Photographic References | |
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Essential Drawing Principles in Relation to the Human Figure | |
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The Human Figure | |
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Why Study the Human Figure? | |
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Classroom Etiquette When Drawing from a Model | |
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The Process of Sighting in Relation to the Human Form | |
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Comparative Proportions in the Male and Female Figure | |
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Gesture Drawing or Rapid Contour DrawingSeeing Is the Key | |
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Using Axis Lines | |
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Keeping It Simple | |
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Setting the Pace | |
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Working from the Inside Out | |
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Enhancing the Illusion of Volume and Space in the Human FormLine Variation in Figure Drawing | |
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Scaling Techniques in Figure Drawing | |
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A General-to-Specific Approach to Form and Value in Figure Drawing | |
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An Introduction to Portraiture | |
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Common Errors | |
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General Guidelines for Locating Facial Features and Other Landmarks | |
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The Features and Other Significant Aspects of Portraiture | |
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An Alternative Viewpoint in Portraiture | |
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Mapping the Figure in SpaceDrawing the Figure in an Observed Environment | |
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Using Straight-Line Construction | |
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Creating Visual Paths of Movement | |
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The Figure and AnatomyArtistic Anatomy Versus Medical Anatomy | |
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Anatomy Reveals Itself | |
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Major Bones of the Human Skeletal Structure | |
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Bony and Other Landmarks in the Figure | |
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Superficial Muscles of the Human Figure | |
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Anatomical Terminology | |
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Spatial Thinking and Visualization | |
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The Essential Principles ofPerspective Drawing | |
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An Introduction to PerspectiveWhat Is Perspective? | |
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Different Types of Perspective | |
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Basic Principles of Linear Perspective | |
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Perspective and Sighting | |
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Limitations of Linear Perspective | |
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Recommended Sequencing for Maximum Comprehension | |
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Suggestions for Effective Perspective Drawing | |
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Perspective Materials List | |
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The Terminology of Perspective | |
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Primary Working Terminology | |
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Related Terminology | |
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Additional Useful Terminology | |
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Perspective and CubesConstructing a Cube in One-Point Perspective | |
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Constructing a Cube in Two-Point Perspective Based on Estimation of | |
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Cube Depth in Relation to Cube Height | |
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Estimating Cube Depth in Two-Point Perspective | |
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Using Perspective Grids | |
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Constructing a Gridded Ground Plane in One-Point Perspective | |
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Constructing a Gridded Ground Plane in Two-Point Perspective | |
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Increasing Complexity in the Perspective Environment | |
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Multiple or Sliding Vanishing Points | |
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Cube Multiplication | |