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| Meaning, History and Culture | |
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| English as a Cultural Universe | |
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| English-the most widely used language in the world | |
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| English and Englishes | |
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| An illustration: Words, scripts, and human lives | |
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| "Anglo English" as a historical formation | |
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| The tendency to mistake "Anglo English" for the human norm | |
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| The cultural underpinnings of (Anglo) English | |
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| A framework for studying and describing meaning | |
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| Anglo Cultural Scripts Seen through Middle Eastern Eyes | |
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| Linguistics and intercultural cCommunication | |
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| The theory of cultural scripts | |
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| The Anglo ideal of "accuracy" and the practice of "understatement" | |
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| "To the best of my knowledge..." | |
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| Anglo respect for "facts" | |
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| "Cool reason": to think vs. to feel | |
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| To compel or not to compel? The value of autonomy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| English Words: From Philosophy to Everyday Discourse | |
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| The Story of Right and Wrong and Its Cultural Implications | |
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| Introduction | |
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| "Right" and "wrong": A basis for ethics? | |
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| The link between "right" and "reason" | |
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| "That's right" | |
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| An illustration: English vs. Italian | |
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| "Right" as a neutral ground between "good" and "true" | |
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| Procedural morality | |
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| "Right" and "wrong": Increasingly asymmetrical | |
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| The changing frequencies of true, truth, right, and wrong | |
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| "Right" as a response in dialogue | |
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| "Right" and cultural scripts | |
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| Retrospect and conclusion: The Puritans, the Enlightenment, the growth of democracy | |
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| Being Reasonable: A Key Anglo Value and Its Cultural Roots | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The pre-Enlightenment uses of "reasonable" | |
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| The main themes in the modern meanings of the word reasonable | |
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| "A reasonable man" | |
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| "It is reasonable to" think (say, do) ... | |
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| "Reasonable doubt" | |
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| "Reasonable force" and "reasonable care" | |
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| "A reasonable time," "A reasonable amount" | |
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| "Reasonable" as "reasonably good" | |
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| "Reasonable" and "unreasonable" | |
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| An internal reconstruction of the semantic history of "reasonable" | |
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| "Reasonable" and Anglo cultural scripts | |
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| Is the Anglo value of "reasonable" unique? English vs. French | |
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| Being Fair: Another Key Anglo Value and Its Cultural Underpinnings | |
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| The importance of "fairness" in modern Anglo culture | |
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| The meaning of fair and not fair | |
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| "Fairness" and Anglo political philosophy | |
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| "Fairness" vs. "justice" | |
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| The illusion of universality | |
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| "Fairness" and "fair play": A historical perspective | |
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| "Fairness" and "procedural morality" | |
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| Anglo Culture Reflected in English Grammar | |
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| The English Causatives: Causation and Interpersonal Relations | |
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| The cultural elaboration of causation | |
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| The English "let"-constructions and the cultural ideal of "noninterference" | |
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| I Think: The Rise of Epistemic Phrases in Modern English | |
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| Introduction | |
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| I think | |
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| I suppose | |
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| I guess | |
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| I gather | |
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| I presume | |
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| I believe | |
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| I find | |
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| I expect | |
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| I take It | |
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| I understand | |
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| I imagine | |
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| I bet | |
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| I suspect | |
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| I assume | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Probably: English Epistemic Adverbs and Their Cultural Significance | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Developing a format for the semantic analysis of epistemic adverbs | |
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| "Probably" and "likely": The heart of the category of epistemic adverbs | |
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| "Confident" adverbs: Evidently, clearly, obviously | |
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| "Nonconfident" adverbs: Possibly and conceivably | |
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| Hearsay adverbs: Apparently, supposedly, allegedly, and reportedly | |
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| The "uncertain" status of certainly | |
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| Epistemic adverbs vs. discourse particles | |
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| The history of epistemic adverbs in modern english | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| The "Cultural Baggage" of English and Its Significance in the World at Large | |
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| The legacy of history | |
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| Living with concepts | |
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| Two illustrations: International law and international aviation | |
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| Communication and "vibes" | |
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| Intercultural communication and cross-cultural education | |
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| English in the world today | |
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| Notes | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |