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| Women's Experience in the American Economy | |
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| The Evolution of the Female Labor Force | |
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| The Measure of Market Work | |
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| Labor Force Participation of Married Women Since 1890 | |
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| Cohorts of White Married Women | |
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| Cohorts Versus Cross Sections | |
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| Implications of Cohort Change | |
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| Cohorts of Nonwhite Married Women | |
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| Life-Cycle Labor Force Participation and Work Experience | |
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| Direct Measures of Life-Cycle Work | |
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| Work Experience, 1930 to 1950 | |
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| Economic Development and the Life Cycle of Work | |
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| Corrections to the c. 1890 Data | |
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| Participation Rates Before 1890: Married and Adult Women | |
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| Participation Rates Before 1890: Single Women | |
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| Single Women in the Labor Force, 1890 to 1930 | |
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| Summary: The Work of Women, 1790 to 1988 | |
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| The Gender Gap in Earnings and Occupations | |
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| The Gender Gap in Earnings over the Long Run, 1815 to 1987 | |
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| The Ratio of Female to Male Full-time Earnings | |
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| Manufacturing and Agriculture, 1815 to 1970 | |
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| All Workers, 1890 to 1987 | |
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| Occupational Segregation and the Male-Female Wage Gap | |
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| Sources of Change in the Ratio of Male to Female Earnings | |
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| The Gender Gap in Occupations | |
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| Occupational Distributions Among White and Black Women | |
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| Occupational Segregation by Sex, 1900 to 1980 | |
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| Occupational Segregation in Manufacturing, 1900 | |
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| Implications of Occupational Segregation | |
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| Summary: Earnings and Occupations | |
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| The Emergence of "Wage Discrimination" | |
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| A Measure of "Wage Discrimination" | |
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| "Wage Discrimination" in Recent Studies | |
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| Discrimination and "Wage Discrimination" | |
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| Explaining Differences Between Male and Female Earnings | |
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| Manufacturing, 1888 to 1907 | |
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| Female Manufacturing Workers | |
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| Earnings of Manufacturing Workers | |
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| "Wage Discrimination" in Manufacturing | |
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| Clerical Sector, 1940 | |
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| Clerical Work and Clerical Workers | |
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| Earnings of Clerical Workers | |
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| "Wage Discrimination" in Clerical Work | |
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| The Origins of "Wage Discrimination" | |
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| Summary: "Wage Discrimination" | |
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| The Changing Economic Role of Married Women | |
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| Explaining Long-term Trends in Married Women's Labor Force Participation | |
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| Supply Versus Demand | |
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| Labor Supply: Income, Wage, and Substitution Effects | |
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| A General Model of the Labor Market for Married Women | |
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| Estimates of Income, Wage, and Substitution Effects | |
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| Applying the General Model, 1890 to 1980 | |
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| A Cohort Approach to Change in Married Women's Labor Force Participation | |
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| Cohort Differences in Fertility | |
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| Cohort Differences in Education | |
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| Occupational and Educational Change | |
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| A Cross-Section, Time-Series Model | |
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| Expectations and Cohort Labor Force Participation | |
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| Summary: Married Women in the Labor Force | |
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| Why Did Change Take So Long? | |
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| Marriage Bars | |
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| Extent of the Marriage Bar | |
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| Firm-Level Evidence, 1931 and 1940 | |
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| Evidence from Local School Districts | |
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| Explaining the Marriage Bar | |
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| The Decline of the Marriage Bar in the 1950's | |
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| The Long-Run Impact of the Marriage Bar | |
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| Hours of Work and Part-time Employment | |
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| Hours of Work | |
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| Part-time Employment | |
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| Summary: Easing the Constraints | |
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| The Political Economy of Gender | |
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| Historical Dimensions of Public Policy | |
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| Origins and Impact of Protective Legislation | |
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| Hours and Employment Effects of Maximum Hours Legislation | |
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| Protective Legislation Versus Equality | |
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| The Federal Government and the Economic Status of Women | |
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| The President's Commission on the Status of Women, 1963 | |
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| The 1963 Equal Pay Act and Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act | |
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| Origins of Discontent | |
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| Perceptions of Discrimination | |
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| Discontent Among College Graduates | |
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| The New Political Economy of Gender: Comparable Worth and Title VII | |
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| Summary: Altering the Rules | |
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| Economic Progress and Gender Equality | |
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| The Present | |
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| The Past | |
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| The Future | |
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| Appendix to Chapter 2: Corrections to the c. 1890 Female Labor Force Participation Rates | |
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| Data Appendix | |
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| Notes | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |