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| Introduction | |
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| From Coding Form to Computer | |
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| From Coding Form to Computer | |
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| The COBOL Coding Form | |
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| Use of an Editor | |
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| The Compile, Link, and Execute Sequence | |
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| Learning by Doing | |
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| Errors in Entering the Program | |
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| Errors in Operating System Commands | |
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| Errors in Compilation | |
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| Errors in Execution | |
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| Errors in Data Input | |
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| Evolution of COBOL | |
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| There's Always a Reason | |
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| A Methodology for Program Development | |
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| The Tuition Billing Problem | |
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| Structured Design | |
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| Evaluating the Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Completeness | |
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| Functionality | |
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| Span of Control | |
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| Structured Programming | |
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| The Identification, Environment, and Data Divisions | |
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| COBOL Notation | |
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| Identification Division | |
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| Environment Division | |
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| Configuration Section | |
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| Input-Output Section | |
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| Data Division | |
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| File Section | |
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| Working-Storage Section | |
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| The Tuition Billing Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| COBOL Entries | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| The Procedure Division | |
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| Open | |
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| Close | |
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| Read | |
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| Placement of the READ Statement | |
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| Write | |
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| Stop Run | |
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| Move | |
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| Restrictions on the Move Statement | |
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| Alphanumeric Field to Alphanumeric Field | |
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| Numeric Field to Numeric Field | |
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| Group Moves | |
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| Perform | |
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| IF | |
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| The ELSE Clause | |
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| Indentation | |
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| EVALUATE | |
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| Arithmetic Statements | |
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| The ROUNDED Clause | |
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| The SIZE ERROR Clause | |
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| Compute | |
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| Add | |
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| Subtract | |
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| Multiply | |
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| Divide | |
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| Programming Tip: Use the COMPUTE Statement | |
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| Assumed Decimal Point | |
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| The Tuition Billing Program | |
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| Test Data | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| COBOL Program Skeleton | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Debugging | |
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| Errors in Compilation | |
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| Common Compilation Errors | |
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| Errors in Execution | |
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| File Status Codes | |
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| Another Run Time Error | |
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| Logic Errors | |
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| Tips for Debugging | |
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| DISPLAY Statement | |
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| The Structured Walkthrough | |
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| Editing and Coding Standards | |
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| Editing | |
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| The Decimal Point | |
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| Zero Suppression | |
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| Dollar Signs | |
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| Comma | |
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| Asterisks for Check Protection | |
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| Insertion Characters | |
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| Synopsis | |
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| Signed Numbers | |
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| CR and DB | |
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| Plus and Minus Signs | |
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| Blank When Zero Clause | |
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| The Tuition Billing Program Revisited | |
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| Coding Standards | |
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| Data Division | |
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| Programming Tip: Avoid Literals | |
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| Procedure Division | |
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| Programming Tip: Use Scope Terminators | |
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| Both Divisions | |
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| A Well-Written Program | |
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| Data Validation | |
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| System Concepts: Data Validation | |
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| The IF Statement | |
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| Relational Condition | |
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| Class Test | |
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| Sign Test | |
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| Condition-Name Test (88-Level Entries) | |
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| Compound Test | |
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| Hierarchy of Operations | |
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| Implied Conditions | |
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| Nested Ifs | |
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| Next Sentence | |
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| Accept Statement | |
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| Calculations Involving Dates | |
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| The Stand-Alone Edit Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Error Messages | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| More About the Procedure Division | |
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| Perform | |
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| Test Before/Test After | |
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| In-line Perform | |
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| Performing Sections | |
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| Perform Thru | |
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| Programming Tip: Perform Paragraphs, Not Sections | |
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| Read | |
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| False-Condition Branch | |
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| Read Into | |
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| Write From | |
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| Initialize | |
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| String Processing | |
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| Inspect | |
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| String | |
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| Unstring | |
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| Reference Modification | |
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| Accept | |
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| Duplicate Data Names | |
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| Qualification | |
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| Move Corresponding | |
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| The Car Billing Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Program Design | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Screen I-O | |
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| ACCEPT | |
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| Programming Tip: Micro Focus Level 78-The Use of COBOL Constants | |
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| DISPLAY | |
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| The Tuition Billing Program Revisited | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Programming Tip: The Hidden Power of the Alt key | |
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| Car Validation and Billing Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| The Screen Section | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Introduction to Tables | |
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| Introduction to Tables | |
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| OCCURS Clause | |
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| Processing a Table | |
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| Perform Varying | |
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| A Second Example | |
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| Problems with the OCCURS Clause | |
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| Rules for Subscripts | |
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| Relative Subscripting | |
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| USAGE Clause | |
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| Occurs Depending On | |
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| The Student Transcript Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Program Design | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Indexes versus Subscripts | |
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| The SET Statement | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 322 | |
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| Table Lookups | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| Types of Codes | |
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| Characteristics of Codes | |
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| Sequential Table Lookup | |
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| Binary Table Lookup | |
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| Positional Organization and Direct Lookups | |
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| Initializing a Table | |
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| Hard Coding | |
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| Input-Loaded Tables | |
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| Table Lookups | |
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| Perform Varying Statement | |
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| SEARCH Statement | |
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| Programming Tip-Restrict Subscripts and Switches to a Single Use | |
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| SEARCH ALL Statement | |
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| Direct Lookup | |
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| Range-Step Tables | |
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| A Complete Example | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Program Design | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Multilevel Tables | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| COBOL Implementation | |
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| One-Level Tables | |
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| Perform Varying | |
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| Two-Level Tables | |
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| Errors in Compilation | |
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| Perform Varying | |
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| A Sample Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Program Design | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Three-Level Tables | |
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| Perform Varying | |
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| A Sample Program | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Table Lookups | |
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| A Calorie Counter's Delight | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Range-Step Tables | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Sorting | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| Collating Sequence | |
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| Embedded Sign | |
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| COBOL Implementation | |
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| SORT Statement | |
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| SD (Sort Description) | |
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| RELEASE and RETURN | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| USING/GIVING Option | |
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| Input Procedure/Output Procedure Option | |
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| Comparing Options | |
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| MERGE Statement | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Control Breaks | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| Running versus Rolling Totals | |
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| One-Level Control Breaks | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Two-Level Control Breaks | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Three-Level Control Breaks | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Programming Tip: How to Write a Control Break Program | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Subprograms | |
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| Subprograms | |
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| Called and Calling Programs | |
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| COPY Statement | |
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| Calling By Content And By Reference | |
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| Programming Tip: Use COPY to Pass Parameters | |
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| INITIAL Clause | |
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| A System for Physical Fitness | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Programs | |
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| Main Program (FITNESS) | |
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| Input Program (INPUTSUB) | |
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| Weight-Range Program (WGTSUB) | |
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| Training Program (TRAINSUB) | |
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| Display Program (DSPLYSUB) | |
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| Time Program (TIMESUB) | |
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| The Linkage Editor | |
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| Problems with the Linkage Editor | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| Sequential File Maintenance | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| Sequential versus Nonsequential Processing | |
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| Periodic Maintenance | |
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| Data Validation | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Designing the Program | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Sequential File Maintenance | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| The Balance Line Algorithm | |
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| Designing the Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Top-Down Testing | |
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| The Stubs Program | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Indexed Files | |
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| System Concepts | |
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| COBOL Implementation | |
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| Creating an Indexed File | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Additional COBOL Elements | |
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| Open | |
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| Read | |
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| Write | |
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| Rewrite | |
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| Delete | |
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| Maintaining an Indexed File | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Hierarchy Chart | |
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| Pseudocode | |
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| The Completed Program | |
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| Alternate Record Key | |
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| Programming Specifications | |
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| Concatenated Key | |
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| The START Statement | |
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| Limitations of COBOL-74 | |
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| The Year 2000 Problem | |
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| The Year 2000 Problem | |
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| Date Arithmetic | |
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| COBOL Intrinsic Calendar Functions | |
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| Leap-Year Problem | |
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| Retirement Program Revisited | |
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| Object-Oriented COBOL Programming | |
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| The Next Generation of COBOL | |
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| The Development of Structured Programming | |
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| Terminology | |
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| The Object-Oriented versus Structured Paradigm | |
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| Student-Look-UP Program | |
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| The Registrar Class | |
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| Classes and Inheritance | |
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| ProcessRequests Method | |
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| The StudentDM Class | |
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| The StudentDM Instance Definition | |
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| The Student Class | |
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| The Person Class | |
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| The Student UI Class | |
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| The Student PRT Class | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Micro Focus Personal COBOL for Windows: UsersGuide and Tutorial | |
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| Getting Started | |
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| Reserved Words | |
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| COBOL-85 Reference Summary | |
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| COBOL 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, or ...? | |
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| Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises | |
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| Projects | |
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| Index | |